درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the degree of burnout of elementary school teachers in the cities of Tehran province. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the research included elementary school teachers in Tehran province, 1147 of whom were selected as a statistical sample using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Meslach's standardized job burnout questionnaire was used, the content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated based on Cronbach's alpha method of 0.882. Analysis of research data was done in the form of t-test, one-way analysis of variance and t for two independent groups. The findings of the research indicate that the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personality damage of primary teachers in Tehran cities are at a low/down level in terms of frequency and intensity, and then the feeling of reduced success is at a high/up level in terms of frequency and intensity. In general, the job burnout of elementary teachers in the cities of Tehran province is at a low/down level in terms of frequency and intensity. Therefore, it is suggested to take necessary measures to create a happy and suitable environment for teachers' activities and improve their mental security, along with planning leisure time and advanced methods of dealing with job stressors.

This study investigates the ideological dimensions of media representation of the Russia-Ukraine crisis by comparing British and Arab online newspapers. Grounded in Fairclough's framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, this paper investigates the narrative structure of The Guardian, The Sun, Arab News, and Gulf News in representing the conflict and how sociocultural and political contexts influence language use and framing strategies underpinning the ideologies. The study shows that British media, most especially The Guardian and The Sun, claim to mainly reinforce Western geopolitical narratives by framing Russia as an aggressor and Ukraine as a victim of war, emphasizing themes of democracy, aggression, and victimization. However, the media in the Arab world, such as Arab News and Gulf News, afford a more balanced approach that focuses on regional concerns like economic stability, humanitarian issues, and neutrality; on the other hand, it also covers a broad spectrum of views. Using such a comparison, this study exemplifies and contrasts the different ideological roots of media discourse within diverse cultural and political contexts. By pointing out how sociopolitical priorities and cultural values shape media framing, this study contributes to an understanding of the role that media plays in building global public opinion about international conflicts, more precisely in how media from different regions may frame the same event quite differently. This thus underlines the importance of cross-cultural media literacy and gives insight into the power of media in the perception-shaping process of a conflict.

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of synergistic leadership of school principals and systematic innovation of school organization in organizational entrepreneurship with the mediation of organizational ambidexterity and teachers' productive behaviors. The research population was all the teachers of technical and vocational schools in Tehran province, and a sample of 364 teachers was selected from this population using proportional stratified random sampling based on Cochran's formula. The quantitative research method is correlation studies and covariance-based structural equation modeling approach. In order to collect data from the researcher-made Synergistic leadership questionnaire; the researcher-made Systematic innovation questionnaire; the Organizational ambidexterity questionnaire of Jansen (2006); the researcher-made Teachers' productive behaviors questionnaire; and the Organizational entrepreneurship questionnaire of Hughes & Morgan (2007) were used. The reliability and validity of questionnaires were evaluated by the Cronbach's alpha techniques, content validity ratio, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. In order to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, correlation matrix analysis and structural equation modeling were used by SPSS 25 and LISREL 10.5 software. The results showed that: synergistic leadership and systematic innovation had a direct, positive and significant effect on organizational ambidexterity, teachers' productive behaviors and organizational entrepreneurship. synergistic leadership and systematic innovation had a positive and significant indirect effect on organizational entrepreneurship through organizational ambidexterity and teachers' productive behaviors. The variables of synergistic leadership, systematic innovation, organizational ambidexterity and teachers' productive behaviors were able to explain 0.37 of the variance of organizational entrepreneurship