درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Given that social institutions are the basis of any society, they must ideally operate in unison with functional necessities for any society to function and then flourish. The plethora of issues confronting Nigeria as a country may be traced back to weak, incompetent, and dysfunctional social institutions that have failed to alter the status quo. According to Talcott Parsons, society is analogous to the human body, and in order for the body to thrive, all of its elements must collaborate. For Nigeria to advance, all social institutions, including family, school, religion, politics, and the economy, must work together to create repeatable results. It is against this background that this paper sought to examine the role of family structure in Nigeria and their pro-activeness in propelling national development. Literature was extensively reviewed from relevant publications and journals and it revealed that the family structure in Nigeria is gradually becoming weak and dysfunctional. This is attributed to a lot of changes that are taking place in the institution of family which quite often poses a threat to the very survival of family system universally. It was then concluded that there is need for every family to hold with uttermost importance the place or morals, socialization and regulation of individual member of the family’s behaviour.

Purpose: The present study was conducted to model the problems of the system of recruitment, retention and training of human resources by the mixed exploratory research method. Methodology: The statistical population of the qualitative part included a number of experts including the senior managers of National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company (NIORDC) and human resource management professors in higher education centers; and employees of the NIORDC (Sari) and Iranian Oil Pipelines and Telecommunication Company (IOPTC) (North) in the quantitative part, n= 835 (789 men and 46 women). In the qualitative part, by the snowball sampling method, 20 people, and in the quantitative part, by relative stratified sampling method based on Cochran's formula, 263 people were selected as the statistical sample. In the qualitative part, the data were extracted by the Delphi technique and semi-structured and structured questionnaires; and the 120-item researcher-made questionnaires in the quantitative part and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The content and construct validity of the questionnaires was confirmed. Reliability and composite reliability (CR) were also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient 84%. Descriptive statistics (mean, variance, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Friedman test) were used for data analysis. Findings: The results showed that the model of problems of the system of recruitment, retention and training of human resources has 6 organizational (internal), environmental (external), occupational, individual (personal), governmental (political) and cultural-social dimensions and 30 components. Conclusion: The results of the quantitative part showed that all dimensions of the research model were confirmed.

Purpose: This research was conducted with the aim of identification and analysis of effective factors on the strategic intelligence of education districts managers of Tehran city and provides an appropriate model. Methodology: The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive from type of quantitative. The study population was managers, deputies and experts of the education nineteen districts of Tehran city in 2020 year, which based on the Krejcie and Morgan table the sample size was estimated 120 people who were selected by randomly sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire of effective factors on the strategic intelligence of managers (113 indicators) which after two Delphi rounds with Kendall coefficient of 0.678 was designed by 15 experts and its content validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method 0.921. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equations modeling in SPSS-22 and Smart PLS-3 software. Findings: The findings showed that the effective factors on the strategic intelligence of managers had 113 indicators in 21 components and 2 dimensions; So that the intra-organizational dimension were included 11 components of intelligent planning, support processes, communication processes, power of change and transformation, knowledge management, educational intelligence, moral intelligence, informational intelligence, organizational process intelligence, human resource intelligence and financial resources intelligence and extra-organizational dimension were included 10 components of business intelligence, environmental intuition thinking, technological intelligence, planning intelligence, social intelligence, competitors intelligence, policy-making, communication with people intelligence, targeting intelligence and environmental macro intelligence. Also, the factor load of all dimensions and components was higher than 0.40, their average extracted variance was higher than 0.50 and their reliability was higher than 0.70. In addition, the model of effective factors on the strategic intelligence of education districts managers had a good fit and the model had a significant effect on the intra-organizational and extra-organizational dimensions and the mentioned dimensions on the relevant components (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed two dimensions of intra-organizational and extra-organizational for the model of effective factors on the strategic intelligence of education districts managers. Therefore, to increase and enhance their strategic intelligence can be done by improving the dimensions and components of each of them.

Purpose: The aim of this research was identifying the components of the integrated curriculum of arts education from the perspective of specialists, managers and graduates. Methodology: The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the curriculum experts included of specialists, managers and graduates of Farhangian University in 2020 year. The research sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation was considered 28 people who after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method. For data collection were used from take noting and semi-structured interviews methods, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was confirmed by the agreement coefficient method between the two coders (r=0.76). Finally, the data were analyzed by content analysis method with a deductive approach. Findings: The findings showed that the integrated curriculum of arts education from the perspective of all three groups of specialists, managers and graduates were included three dimensions of cognitive, skills and attitudinal and emotional competencies, which the cognitive dimension included the specialized knowledge of the integrated curriculum of arts education, general cognitive competence and general knowledge, the skills dimension included the specialized skill of the integrated curriculum of arts education and general skill and the attitudinal and emotional dimension included the attitudinal competence of the integrated curriculum of arts education and general attitudinal competence. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, curriculum specialists and planners for design an integrated curriculum of arts education needed to that considers the three dimensions of cognitive, skills and attitudinal and emotional competencies and their components

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the effect of competency-based approach on enhancing complexity, accuracy, and fluency of writing of pre-service teachers. Methodology: To this end, an Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT) was administered to 100 Iranian pre-service teachers studying at Farhangian University, of whom 40 upper-intermediate learners were selected and assigned to an experimental group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The selected participants were both male and female and aged from 19 to 22. Both selected groups were then given a writing test as the pre-test. Subsequently, the experimental group received the competency-based treatment and were proposed to some real-world issues and there was no time limit. However, the traditional styles used for improving the writing skill of the subjects in the control group and a specific time limit was considered for the subjects to do the job. After that, a writing post-test and an attitude questionnaire were delivered to the participants. The obtained data was analyzed using one-way between group analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and one-sample t-test. Findings: The results indicated no significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores of the control group, whereas, the post-test scores of the participants in experimental group were significantly better than their pre-test scores especially regarding complexity. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the teachers should take competency-based approach into consideration in their target language classes to have a more fruitful educational process.

Purpose: Friendship-oriented leadership is one of the relatively new methods of leadership to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design and formulate a friendship-oriented leadership model. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of execution method. The research community was experts and experts in the field of broadcasting leadership in 1400. The sample size was determined based on the principle of theoretical saturation of 20 people, and this number was selected by purposive sampling. The data was collected with a semi-structured interview, the validity of which was confirmed by the triangulation method and the reliability was calculated with the Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.66. The data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding method based on database theory in MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings showed that 108 indicators were identified in 11 sub-categories and 6 main categories for the friendship-oriented leadership model; So that the friendship-oriented leadership model in the category of causal conditions includes individual abilities and capabilities and follower conditions, in the category of contextual conditions including organizational characteristics, demographic factors and human resources mechanism, in the category of intervening conditions including the organizational environment and extra-organizational factors, in the category of central phenomenon including leadership Friendship-oriented, in the category of strategies included leadership strategies, and in the category of consequences, it included positive consequences and negative consequences. Finally, the paradigm model of friendship-oriented leadership was designed. Conclusion: Specialists and organizational planners can use the categories and indicators identified for the friendship-oriented leadership model to improve their organization and create a competitive advantage and improve them in their organization.

Purpose: One of the concerns of citizens and officials of organizations and institutions is social vitality development. Therefore, the present study was conducted to propose a model for social vitality development using meta-synthesis approach. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of objective and qualitative in terms of research method. The field of research was all articles on social vitality during 1990-2022, 39 of which were selected based on inclusion criteria by purposive sampling. The data were collected by taking notes from the articles and analyzed by content analysis based on the seven-step meta-synthesis approach of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). Findings: The results showed that 19 components and 3 dimensions were identified for a model for social vitality development. The dimensions include urban development and urban planning (6 components of compliance with the principles of urbanization and good urban governance, urban furniture design and beautification of the neighborhood, urban services and preservation of the urban environment, calming of roads and smoothing of traffic, design and construction of parks and gardens, and construction of smart parking lots), social and cultural affairs (7 components of public and morning sports, development of sports centers, development of culture and art houses, citizen health services, development of game and entertainment centers, implementation of citizenship education programs and skill training and entrepreneurship) and relations and citizenship rights (6 components of strengthening family relations, neighborhood rights, strengthening the network of friends, local cohesion and identity, resilience and the narrative of the sense of experiencing vitality in the company of friends). Finally, according to the identified components and dimensions, a model was designed for social vitality development. Conclusion: The designed model for social vitality development based on meta-synthesis approach can have many practical implications for citizens and officials of urban and governmental organizations and institutions. Accordingly, they can design and implement solutions for social vitality development

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design an internal positioning model of state-owned banking services and accreditation. Method: The present study was applied and exploratory. The statistical population of the qualitative stage were the managers of the branches of agricultural, national and housing banks of Khorasan Razavi province and university professors in the field of management who were selected as the sample size by theoretical saturation method. According to Morgan's table, 284 people were selected by simple random sampling as the sample size. For data collection in the qualitative part of the interview and in the quantitative part of the researcher-made questionnaire was used. In order to analyze the data in the qualitative part, the theory of grounded theory and the method of Strauss and Corbin and Maxquda software and in the quantitative part, the technique of structural equations and PLS2 software have been used. Results: The results showed that the model presented in 6 dimensions of causal factors, contextual, intervening, pivotal, strategies and consequences has a good fit. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, they should pay attention to social and personal interactions in order to strengthen their relationships with customers.