درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Shahid Soleimani designed and implemented a new model of diplomacy during the years of commanding the Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, which can be analyzed based on the conceptual framework of smart diplomacy. The main problem of the present research is also the observation of how this type of diplomacy is organized and formed and the ability to institutionalize it. (The main question) This article, which is based on the (qualitative case study) method, is what model and principles does diplomacy have in Shahid Soleimani's school? The findings of this exploratory research show that Shahid Soleimani was able to create a unique example of diplomacy in the region with the help of the four basic principles of military-security networking, simultaneous multi-layered action, nation-centered and ideology-based diplomacy. make a foot In this model of diplomacy defined in the specific political-cultural and economic context of the West Asian region, Shahid Soleimani was able to increase the national security factor and increase the influence of the ideology of the Islamic Revolution with the defeat of ISIS far more than in the past.

Public policy-making is a six-stage cycle, and the implementation of policies is one of the most sensitive stages of its formulation, failure in this stage leads to the failure of the entire policy-making process. Also, policy-making includes an interactive process between setting goals and necessary actions to realize them, which may be disrupted by many challenges, obstacles, and limitations. In this research, the goal was Pathology of implementation of rural development policies in the fourth and fifth development plans. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive and survey based on the nature of the data. The results of the research are presented in two qualitative and quantitative sections. In the main and qualitative part of the research, using the Delphi technique, we investigated the damage of rural development in the fourth and fifth programs. At first, using the opinions of experts, the gap between the existing state of rural development and the ideal state was determined, and based on the opinions of experts and the T-Tech test, it was determined that there is a fundamental difference between the current state and the ideal state. and in the current situation in the indicators of employment status, housing, medical and treatment facilities, digital infrastructure, transportation and communication route, industrial agriculture, welfare and recreation, cultural-educational, tourism and underground water the average quality was low. Therefore, the necessity of carrying out the pathology of the implementation of rural development policies became clearer. Then, based on the theoretical background of the research, as well as interviewing and completing the questionnaire by specialists and research elites, the indicators of developmental pathology were compiled, and finally, the final model of the questionnaire was compiled, and the quantitative results of the questionnaire were extracted based on the answers of the participants in the research. In the quantitative analysis and chi square test results, it was shown that the role of policy indicators, juridical and legal obstacles, political, social and economic factors, motivations and attitudes of executives, administrative system and bureaucracy, are insufficient and inappropriate. The lack of tools is significant in the absence of rural development.

Throughout the evolution of humanity, various factors have influenced human life, enhanced its quality and sometimes posed threats. One could argue that humans have experienced nomadism, urbanization, and the industrial revolution, as well as technological transformation throughout the evolution of their lives. Just as the advent of machines transformed the face of cities, today, the in-troduction of technology and virtual services has revolutionized them. The theory of smart cities, based on information and communication technology, attempts to intelligently transform various layers of the city in order to address current problems and improve the quality of life. Despite the numerous advantages of smart cities, their implementation is considered challenging and complex. Many cities face failure in implementing smart cities. Therefore, a deep and systematic evaluation of influential factors becomes essential. This research aims to evaluate smart city policymaking in Tehran. The study employs an analytical and exploratory method to assess questionnaire questions on a Likert scale with a minimum score of 1 and a maximum score of 5. To determine the reliability and internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha coefficient is used. The research findings indicate that all the strategies and actions examined in this study, from the perspective of experts (specifically, the formulation and implementation of integrated policies, legislation, and a unified vision), are highly important for the smartification of Tehran. This article adopts a conceptual approach, fram-ing the necessary framework for creating smart cities in observed changes in management style. With theoretical inferences from the sociology of change and the theory of the network society, good urban governance is proposed as a causal condition for creating a smart city in Tehran. The implementation of a smart city necessitates a change in the institutional and managerial structure of the urban system.