درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Personality disorders can play a significant role in creating and perpetuating sexual function problems in women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality patterns and types of female orgasms. The method of the present study was correlational, and a sample of 400 women in Tehran was selected by convenience sampling method. Tests used to collect data were Millon 3 questionnaires (MCMI-III), Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (FSFI), and Orgasm Scale Assessment (ORS). According to the results, the highest disorder was related to the satisfaction subscale, and the lowest percentage of the research sample was in the orgasm subscale (25.9%) in the subscales of desire, arousal, humidity, and pain, respectively. The percentage of the research sample was 31, 32, 26.3, and 31.4%. According to the results, the narcissism and negativity subscales had a significant relationship with the types of orgasm (P <0.05) and the other subscales had no significant relationship. According to the results of logistic regression, avoidance, sadism, and borderline subscales were able to predict the types of orgasms and the coefficients of other paths in the regression model did not have significant coefficients (P <0.05).

Focusing on the methods of encouraging and punishing architectural design students, the current research has compared this topic in two methods of face-to-face and virtual education so that the results can be considered as a strategy used by professors in teaching architectural design courses. The present research has been done by comparative analogy method through content analysis with the help of library studies and survey in the form of analysis of available resources as well as interviews with fifteen instructors of architectural design who have more than ten years of teaching experience in this field Considering the analysis of interviews and their coding and comparing the ways of encouraging and punishing students in physical and virtual education of architectural design courses. The professors emphasized that, in general, the type of behavior, the type of speech, the nature of the lesson, the student's ability, physical condition, and mental condition are among the things that should be considered in encouraging and punishing students. Considering that corporal punishment is not correct and can also question the self-esteem of people, the teacher must consider the best way of punishment for wrongdoers according to the mentioned cases. On the other hand, it should be avoided to encourage a person in the class constantly or to encourage a specific person because of good behavior in the class, and encouragement and punishment should be done only because of academic issues.

Objective: Materialism focuses on goals and values that subscribe to acquiring items. Lower materialism was found to be associated with increased happiness and decreased depressive symptoms. This study aims to explore the effects of materialistic lifestyle on mental health. Method: The research question driving this study asks, how does living a materialistic lifestyle impact an individual’s mental health? The study is made up of 555 females and 31 males. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Material Values Scale (created by Richins and Dawson in 1992), and the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 20-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-20; created by Stewart and colleagues in 1988). Results: A hierarchical multiple regression was found that materialistic values are a statistically significant predictor of mental health. Conclusion: Limitations of the study, implications for clinical practice, and future directions are discussed. We conclude that our hypothesis was supported; living a materialistic lifestyle negatively impacts an individual’s mental health.

Objective: This study aimed to validate the Persian version of the Relationship Flourishing Scale (RFS) on a sample of married Iranian students. Method: The study was descriptive-correlational and applied in nature. The sample consisted of 352 individuals (89% female), selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. The data collection tools included the Fowers et al.'s Relationship Flourishing Scale (2016), Adams et al.'s Sexual Mindfulness Questionnaire (2015), and the short form of Booth et al.'s Marital Instability Questionnaire (1989). Data analysis was performed using SPSS26 and AMOS24 software, utilizing descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis (Cronbach's Alpha, Pearson correlation, and construct validity and reliability). Findings: The results of the confirmatory factor analysis were satisfactory, confirming the psychometric properties of the Relationship Flourishing Scale. The factor structure of the questionnaire, consisting of four factors (having meaning, shared goals, personal growth, and being in a relationship), was validated. Cronbach's Alpha calculated for the overall questionnaire was 0.83, and for the factors having meaning, shared goals, personal growth, and being in a relationship, it was 0.82, 0.83, 0.89, and 0.80 respectively, confirming the construct reliability. Fit indices (GFI = 0.90, NFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.91, CMIN/df = 4.92) were within acceptable ranges, and construct validity was confirmed. Conclusions: The factor structure of the original English version of the Relationship Flourishing Scale was replicated, and satisfactory internal reliability was found. Consequently, the translated Persian version of the Relationship Flourishing Scale can serve as a valid tool for assessing the quality of marital relationships in research and clinical settings within the Iranian community.

The historical urban fabrics of Iran are increasingly threatened by contemporary construction practices that often neglect the principles of Iranian-Islamic architecture. As a result, the cultural and spatial identity of these areas is gradually diminishing. This research investigates the principle of "compatibility" as a design strategy for integrating advanced construction technologies into historic contexts through infill housing. Focusing on the historic core of Yazd, which UNESCO recognizes for its unique desert architecture and the continuity of its cultural traditions, the study employs an applied, descriptive methodology. Based on the 2021 census, 10,795 households reside in the area. Using proportional stratified random sampling and Morgan's table, 384 household heads across nine districts were selected for survey distribution. Data collected through questionnaires and interviews revealed multiple factors critical to compatible infill development, including transportation systems, street morphology, proportional harmony, visual coherence, building scale, spatial continuity, land use organization, construction speed, economic feasibility, aesthetic integration, and value preservation. Factor analysis grouped these into three principal dimensions: aesthetics (mean score of 3.49), cost (3.32), and speed (3.45). The findings emphasize the need for context-responsive design approaches that reconcile modern construction demands with the preservation of heritage values. By offering empirical insights and a structured framework for assessing compatibility in historic environments, this study contributes to the discourse on sustainable urban regeneration. It provides architects, planners, and policymakers with criteria to guide infill housing strategies that maintain architectural integrity while addressing contemporary urban needs.

Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate marital burnout and to determine the effectiveness of a communication skills training protocol. Methods: The experimental method employed was a single-subject design with multiple baselines, involving couples seeking counseling at the Raz City Clinic in Shiraz and the Clinic of the General Directorate of Exceptional Education in Fars Province, during the autumn of 2021. Among these couples, three pairs exhibiting the highest levels of marital burnout were selected using a purposive sampling method. The therapeutic program of the communication skills training protocol was conducted by the researcher over 10 sessions, followed by a follow-up in two stages, one month apart. The participants responded to the Marital Burnout Scale at the baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using visual analysis methods, the recovery percentage formula, and the reliable change index. Findings: Findings indicated that the communication skills training protocol enhanced marital quality and reduced marital burnout, with these effects being maintained during the follow-up phase. Conclusion: The treatment protocol proved to be effective, and couple therapists can utilize these communication skills in their work with couples to reduce marital burnout and enhance marital quality, particularly during the early years of marriage, where it can have a significant impact.