درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This research was conducted with the aim of examining the role of emotional intelligence, resilience, and perceived social support in predicting academic adjustment of students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included 555 students from the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology at Birjand University in the academic year 2022-2023, of which 237 were selected using stratified random sampling method. The research instruments included the Academic Adjustment Questionnaire by Baker and Siryk (1984), Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire by Schutte (1995), Resilience Questionnaire by Connor and Davidson (2003), and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire by Zimet et al. (1988). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Pearson correlation results showed that the strongest relationship existed between resilience and academic adjustment (r=0.63). Additionally, significant relationships were found between emotional intelligence (r=0.49) and social support (r=0.31) with academic adjustment. Regression analysis showed that the three variables together explained 75% of the variance in academic adjustment. Resilience alone predicted 39%, together with emotional intelligence 62%, and with the addition of social support 75% of the changes in academic adjustment. The findings highlight the importance of developing these skills in improving students' academic adjustment.

As a dynamic and multifaceted entity, motivation is prone to constant change under the influence of a great many factors including context, task, group dynamics and learner characteristics. Informed by the dearth of research on motivational fluctuations among the teacher community, the researchers in the current study strove to investigate the factors giving rise to Iranian EFL teachers’ motivational oscillations during the practice of online teaching. Thus, opting for a mixed methods research design, the researchers explored the role of emotional intelligence (EI) and seniority (teaching experience) in determining teachers’ motivational status and intensity in the quantitative phase. However, in the qualitative phase the researchers tapped into the teachers’ perceptions concerning the overriding factors bringing about their motivational fluctuations. A total of 55 teachers with varying degrees of teaching experience ranging from one year to 28 years participated in the study. To gather data for the quantitative phase, Bar-On’s (1997) emotional quotient inventory (EQ-i), and Motometer were utilized. However, in the qualitative phase, the data from teacher narratives and interview responses were consulted. The quantitative results via applying Mann Whitney U test revealed that though emotional intelligence and seniority both played a role in teachers’ motivational level, their influences were not statistically significant. Also, as regards the results of data analysis for the qualitative phase, several factors were pinpointed to underlie the teachers’ motivational changes during online teaching experience, including teaching materials, time intervals during the session, instructional topics, learner factors and internet connection problems. The findings are thought to have fruitful implications for EFL teachers, particularly in sensitizing them toward the role of different factors in their motivational changes.

While there are varying perspectives on the bases of reflective practice within the teaching context, there is a broad consensus that reflection is fundamental to building a teacher's professional identity and improving their development. This study sought to investigate the perceptions of EFL teachers of reflective skills of Iranian effective teachers. To this end, a grounded theory design was used. Participants consisted of 30 conveniently selected female intermediate EFL learners from a language institute in Mashhad. For data collection, semi-structured interview and written reflective journal were used. Data analysis was done through manual thematic analysis via open, axial and selective coding. The results showed the following perceptions of EFL teachers of reflective skills of Iranian EFL effective teachers: 1. Behaving in a socially acceptable manner; 2. Being able to motivate students; 3. Managing classroom; 4. Attending to students' diversity of needs; 5. Planning appropriate teaching and evaluation methods and strategies; etc. Moreover, according to the results, the least important reflective skills of Iranian EFL effective teachers were attending to students' diversity of needs, and being able to motivate students. In addition, the most important reflective skills of Iranian EFL effective teachers were evaluating one's own teaching, making appropriate modifications in one's own teaching, thinking skillfully, planning appropriate teaching and evaluation methods and strategies, and managing classroom. The results have some implications for policymakers, teacher educators, authorities in charge of recruiting teachers.

The present research paper is a metacognition of children's religious upbringing based on Avicenna's thoughts on education and upbringing. The qualitative research method of descriptive-analytical type is employed to address the author's main concerns. Religious upbringing in Avicenna's thoughts and writings represents teaching religious concepts and beliefs resulting into intellectual persuasion, true acceptance, and inner commitment. Religious upbringing has comprehensive principles that Avicenna took into consideration. From perspective, these principles include human purposefulness, monotheism, and the strategic principle of moderation. Following the goals and principles, religious upbringing is taken into account as it affects education. Heredity, marriage, and nutrition some of the areas that can affect an individual's upbringing. Avicenna's educational thought indicates that it is important that religious upbringing has content stemming from Tawhid (monotheism), Akhirah (resurrection), prophecy, and imamate. Avicenna believes that religious upbringing requires stages and that success in individuals' upbringing cannot be achieved without going through different stages. The upbringing stages in this regard include upbringing at home and upbringing in school. In a summary of Avicenna's thoughts, one can come to realize that in Avicenna's educational thoughts, a child needs religious upbringing, but in order to educate children, it is necessary to pay attention to various principles, components, and stages in which moderation is considered in the process and the educator should not go beyond moderation in the upbringing process.