درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The purpose of this study was to explore why and how can donors be involved in the development of student sports?. The research method was based on grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin method). The statistical population in the qualitative stage included 15 experts and key experts including university professors and executives of university sports who were selected by purposive sampling, and at the quantitative stage, 315 people who were active in the field of charity and student sports were studied. The results were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis in the form of structural equations with SPSS and PLS software. 73 primary concepts were identified, which were categorized into 58 sub-categories. Compiled to collect information. According to the developed model, the existence of security for donors in investing in student sports and providing the necessary support such as granting appropriate facilities, exemptions, and tax discounts provide incentives for the private sector to participate in various sub-categories of physical education and sports. In addition, considering other barriers as well as focusing on developing strategies, could potentially lead to donor investment and participation in student sports.

Today, the sports industry is known through modern technology, especially in the field of manufacturing sports tools and equipment. The present study uses correlation and applied methodology, which was done in the field using Structural Equations Modeling (SEM). The statistical population included producers of sports products, of which 320 producers from Iran were considered through available sampling. Morris (2002) Standard Entrepreneurial Marketing Questionnaire, Moghimi Market Orientation (2011), Noh and Fitzsimmons Information Technology (1999), and Azizi (2011) Financial Performance Questionnaire were used to collect data. Finally, 292 questionnaires were received physically and electronically. The results showed that entrepreneurial marketing and market orientation had a direct and indirect effect (mediated by technology) on financial performance and they significantly affected the financial performance. Finally, the model had the goodness of fit. In general, manufacturers who adopted a combination of entrepreneurial marketing strategy and information technology had better and more rational financial performance by taking advantage of attractive entrepreneurial opportunities. According to the research results, it is suggested that manufacturers provide the consumers with superior value by paying attention to the market orientation and innovation, to enable the company to achieve a competitive advantage.

This article aims to identify the relationships among components of green supply chain management (GSCM) in sport businesses through interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and classifying those components according to their driving and dependence power. This study developed in two phases. In the first phase, literature was reviewed and 12-components of GSCM were identified. Then, in the second phase, the GSCM components in sports businesses were structured using ISM and the hierarchical and interactive model of GSCM in sports businesses was developed. The results showed that among the 12-components, ‘internal/external pressure’, ‘rules, regulations and standards’ and ‘green resources’ were the drivers and cornerstones of the formation and change of other factors. Based on the research findings, the key driver and components for achieving GSCM in sports businesses are providing infrastructure (green resources), adhering to norms (internal and external pressure), and setting its executive guarantees (rules, regulations and standards). Therefore, to achieve ‘economic benefits’ and create a ‘green market’ in the sports industry, emphasis and investment on these issues will be helpful. The current paper attempts to develop a conceptual framework for GSCM in sports businesses.

Given the importance of desert sports in the development of sports tourism in desert areas, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of destination image on satisfaction and revisit the intention of desert sport tourists in the Lut desert of Iran as a desert sport destination. The research population was sport tourists who had visited the Lut desert (in Iran) in 2020. 208 valid and reliable questionnaires were distributed among the research samples that were selected through a convenience sampling approach. The model validity and the relationships among research variables were verified by using structural equation modeling with PLS. The research findings demonstrated that destination image of a desert sport destination has influenced desert sport tourists’ satisfaction and their revisiting intention. Moreover, tourists’ satisfaction had a significant effect on tourists’ revisit intention. The findings of this study can lead to a better understanding of behavioral mechanisms that can provide reliable principles for maintaining and developing sport tourism in desert sport destination destinations.    

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring the service quality in sport scientific journals. A mixed approach was conducted to fulfill the research objectives. In qualitative phase 15 sport paper writer were interviewed and in quantitative phase, 357 sport researchers were studied through systematic random sampling. The face and content validity of the scale was confirmed by 15 experts and the final questionnaire of the scientific journals service quality was provided to 29 subjects. 26 items were ranked in five factors (accountability speed, executive structure, trustworthiness, employees and updating) based on exploratory factor analysis with orthogonal rotation. Cronbach's alpha, KMO, Bartlett Test and confirmatory factor analysis were used by SPSS and LISREL for data analysis. It is worth noting that the results of confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.91) supported the five-factor structure of JourQual scale and confirmed its validity and reliability.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting sport tourism marketing mix. The research method was descriptive – correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 sport tourists attended at Azadi stadium in Tehran for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis that were selected through clustering technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed by Shonk (2006). The face and content validity was approved by sport management experts and the reliability was verified by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0/89). The SPSS16 was used for description of variables, and LISREL software was used for conducting Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The result showed that “product” had the most effect on sport tourism marketing mix. “Physical evidences” was the next important variable influencing sport tourism marketing mix. Moreover, “promotion”, “people”, “process”, “price”, and “place” had significant effects on sport tourism marketing mix. According to the results it can be concluded that according to sport tourists’ view point, “product” and “physical evidences” had more importance. Product includes quality of sport contests and its’ related components, and physical evidence refers to the quality of sport stadium and its’ related factors. Also, other variables such as promotion, people, process, price and place had significant effect on the sport tourism marketing mix that should be taken in granted in sport tourism management context.

The political challenges invite sport to play a peaceful role in international relations. Among all these challenges, national security is a critical part of different states. This study tried to investigate the conceptual framework of sport and national security. The present study was qualitative based on descriptive and applied methods. At first, the literature reviews were studied, and then the semi-open interviews were done with 12 experts in sport sciences and policymakers. After 3 rounds of the Delphi technique, 15 concepts were extracted in 5 main dimensions: economic, military, political, social, and health. Finally, the sport seems to play a vital role in supporting various aspects of security. Iran, as a country under the most severe sanctions on its political economy, can use the phenomenon of sport as a lever to mitigate the effects of international sanctions on its economy, politics, and security in general.