مطالب

Tepe Khodai is located in the central part of Sonqor, about 8.80 meters above thesurrounding agricultural land. Besides determining the area and proposing theboundaries of the site, achieving the extent of the site across different ancientperiods, preventing further destruction by illegal diggers, implementing astratigraphic program, and developing long-term plans for the site and an agendawas established to address these issues. Questions were raised regarding the sizeand extent of the site in different ancient periods, as well as how the culturalevidence from these periods was formed. The systematic survey of the siterevealed that over 70% of the original estimated area (13,200 m²) has beendestroyed, compared to the remaining "healthy" part. Sixteen trenches werearranged in two rows: the first row consisted of trenches 001 to 008, and thesecond row included trenches 009 to 016.  The size of the site was determined bythe excavated trenches. Due to the site's topography and the lack of nearby naturalor human-made structures, there were no complications affecting this task. Thelevel 1 area and the tape’s privacy based on the excavated trenches is 8,780 squaremeters, while the boundary line of the site is 24246 square meters. The studyrevealed that this site holds valuable cultural artefacts from various periods,including the Chalcolithic, Bronze, Historical, and Islamic eras. It featuressignificant artefacts from notable cultures in the Zagros and Northwestern Iranregions, such as Dalma, Seh Gabi, and Kura-Araxes/Early Trans-Caucasian(ETC), from the 1st millennium BC onward. Furthermore, the site's suitableenvironmental conditions illuminate various cultural changes that occurred duringthe Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages in the region. By examining the sequence of itsdistinct cultural periods, it will be possible to review and revise several aspects ofthe chronology pertaining to the eastern Zagros region.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFCT) on experiential avoidance, cognitive emotion regulation, and rejection sensitivity in couples. Methods:  This research employed a quantitative, applied design using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group model. The statistical population included all distressed couples who sought counseling services in Ardabil between 2024 and 2025. From this population, 30 couples whose scores exceeded the cut-off point of 135 were randomly selected and assigned to either an experimental or a control group. Research instruments included the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (AAQ-II), and the short form of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-SF). The intervention was based on Sue Johnson’s EFCT protocol, implemented in nine 90-minute sessions for the experimental group. Results: Covariance analysis showed that EFCT significantly reduced experiential avoidance, improved cognitive emotion regulation, and decreased rejection sensitivity in distressed couples ( p < .001). The effect size ranged from 65% to 68%, indicating a substantial impact on improving couple relationships. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that EFCT has a significant and positive effect on experiential avoidance, cognitive emotion regulation, and rejection sensitivity in couples.

Objective: This exploratory, hypothesis-generating study investigated alpha-band EEG activity during resting state and cognitive task performance in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and examined its relationship with symptom severity, without a healthy control group. Method: EEG (8-12 Hz) was recorded in 28 adults with ADHD (21-31 years) during (1) eyes-closed rest and (2) a cognitive task requiring sustained attention. Absolute power and NeuroGuide z-scores were extracted. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the ASRS. Paired t-tests, Pearson correlations, and exploratory median split comparisons were performed. Results: Resting and task alpha activity were strongly correlated (r = 0.77, p < 0.01). At the group level, alpha activity unexpectedly increased from rest to task (t(27) = 2.34, p = 0.027). Linear correlations between ASRS total score and alpha activity at rest (r = 0.07) and during task (r = 0.20) were weak and non-significant (p > 0.05). In exploratory median-split comparisons (higher vs. lower symptom severity), individuals with higher severity showed significantly lower task-related alpha (t(26) = 2.12, p = 0.044, d = 0.81), but no significant difference in resting alpha (t(26) = 1.92, p = 0.066). Conclusions: In this hypothesis-generating study of adults with ADHD conducted without a neurotypical control group, we observed within-sample patterns of alpha modulation. The unexpected task-related alpha increase and the association between higher symptom severity and reduced task-related alpha warrant replication in larger, controlled studies with concurrent behavioral performance measures. No ADHD-specific conclusions can be drawn from this exploratory investigation.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between social cognition and loneliness in gifted underachievers, with a specific focus on the mediating role of rejection sensitivity. A descriptive correlational design was employed with a sample of 399 gifted underachieving adolescents from Argentina, selected according to Morgan and Krejcie's (1970) sample size table. Standardized tools were used to assess social cognition, rejection sensitivity, and loneliness. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 and AMOS-21. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate bivariate relationships between variables, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the proposed mediational model. Fit indices, including χ², RMSEA, GFI, CFI, and TLI, were reported to evaluate model adequacy. Results indicated that social cognition was significantly and negatively correlated with both rejection sensitivity (r = –.43, p < .01) and loneliness (r = –.39, p < .01). Rejection sensitivity showed a significant positive correlation with loneliness (r = .58, p < .01). SEM analysis confirmed the mediating role of rejection sensitivity in the relationship between social cognition and loneliness. The indirect path from social cognition to loneliness via rejection sensitivity was significant (β = –.28, p < .001), and the total effect of social cognition on loneliness was substantial (β = –.49, p < .001). Model fit indices indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 2.22, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.054). These findings suggest that deficits in social cognition contribute to heightened feelings of loneliness in gifted underachievers, primarily through increased sensitivity to perceived rejection. Interventions aimed at reducing rejection sensitivity may mitigate the impact of social cognitive difficulties on emotional well-being in this vulnerable group.