درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This research focuses on the role of dialectics in architectural design and the interpretation of text and architectural spaces based on this approach. In today's constantly changing post-modern life, the issue of meaningful and identity-based design in architecture is a topic of discussion. Dialectics necessitates the creation of spaces derived from fundamental concepts of existence for human interaction with the environment and the continuous creation of events. As one of the acts of existence, dialectics can serve as a concept in phenomena and explain the method in categories. The research is conducted using descriptive, analytical, and phenomenological methods, and the various layers of conceptual existence are analyzed through analogical and inductive approaches. The concepts are then reviewed using the dialectical method, and the different modes of interaction between component layers are analyzed. The Swiss architect Bernard Tschoumi's works are examined and interpreted as a case study, and the three-level component concepts are explored. The case study is analyzed, and the results are extracted hermeneutically. The components of architectural design derived from dialectics are then read, and an effective dialectical model for text reading is developed, which has the ability to adapt and visualize the conceptual components that are influential in design. This process has the potential to provide identity to architectural spaces in today's continuously evolving life.

Every year, a lot of money is spent on building new sports facilities, however, in recent years, paying attention to the needs of customers and responding to their demands in order to attract them, is one of the most important and necessary tasks. And the goals of organizations have changed the purpose of this research is to investigate the effective factors in attracting customers of sports venues by combining marketing and new technologies. The current research is an applied research. The statistical population of this research is made up of customers of sports venues in Kermanshah and Kurdistan. According to Morgan's table, 384 were randomly selected as a sample from among the customers of multi-purpose sports facilities. In order to collect information, mixed questionnaires of residential marketing (2009) and researcher-made questionnaires were used. After confirming the formal and content validity of the questionnaires by experts, reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha, respectively. The structural equation method was used to analyze the findings. In general, it can be acknowledged that the marketing mix and the use of information technology have a direct effect on the process of attracting customers to sports venues. Paying attention to the findings, the average of the elements of the marketing mix obtained is higher from the average. It means that the mixed elements of marketing are more than average, so it is recommended that managers, by using these strategies, highlight the competitive advantages of places through the use of physical and virtual space, as a result, customer loyalty is vital for the success of the organization. It is usually more expensive to attract new customers than to keep existing customers. Therefore, it is suggested to maintain loyal fans as a competitive asset, and one of the ways to strengthen this is through establishing a sincere, appropriate and strong cooperative relationship between service providers and beneficiaries.

This study intended to unveil the impact of incorporation of positive psychology theory into English instructions on the preference for anxiety-reducing strategies among Iranian EFL learners. The participants consisted of 60 EFL learners, from Safir Institute, Tehran, Iran, at the intermediate level, who were selected out of 90 EFL learners selected on convenience sampling basis. The 60 learners selected on the basis of their scores from an Oxford Placement Test (OPT), given to the 90 learners, were split into two equal 30-member groups. Both groups were given the language anxiety reducing strategies (LARS) questionnaire as pretest. Then, positive psychology-based instructions were provided to the experimental group drawing on five types of positive psychology-based instruction techniques for 20 sessions. These five instruction techniques included gratitude, optimistic intervention, positive affirmations, savouring, and strength-building measures. The control group received no intervention concerning positive psychology, and learners followed the conventional syllabus of the language school. After the treatment, the two groups took the LARS questionnaire as post-test. The results of ANCOVA indicated that teaching positive psychology techniques significantly increased anxiety-reducing strategies preference among Iranian EFL learners.