درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The purpose of this research is to explain time based on the constructivist view of substantive motion. This activity has been done in a deconstruction manner. It is the deconstruction, re-reading, and analysis of any subject by decentralizing it and achieving dimensions of the subject that are often overlooked. In general, theories of time are divided into two categories: theories of substantive change, which consider change to be related only to the appearances and names and the superficial layers of the system and all its phenomena, and theories that consider time made by the substantive motion and fundamental change and evolution of phenomena. By challenging the themes in the view of the change of nature, the space was paved for the view to emerge on the constructivism of the transcendent purposeful substantive motion. According to the constructivist approach of purposeful substantive motion, all phenomena of existence, and especially human beings, are moving in the path of the Creator according to their need and poverty. The centralization of the approach to the constructivism of the substantive motion has implications for education. Thus, education is more and more a religious nature and according to the substantive motion, the universe, based on its inherent nature, needs a stimulus that is being created and invented every moment in order to be able to form a momentary identity of the world and man. And the accidental world is an inherent occurrence (not a time occurrence).

The Holy Qur'an is a complete and comprehensive heavenly book from God Almighty, which has been given the attention and reflection of thinkers and scholars of the Qur'an with the aim of meeting the needs of mankind in every age. The purpose of the present research is to answer the question of the feasibility of entering the Qur'an in the field of science and its quality. The research method is analytical-descriptive and with a view on the practical interaction of the Qur’an with other sciences. One of the innovations of the research is a special look at the amount of Qur’anic teachings entering different fields of science. The results of the research estimates show that this interaction is an obvious matter in theoretical sciences such as: jurisprudence, principles of jurisprudence, literature, history, economics, physics and in the field of experimental sciences such as: agricultural and animal husbandry sciences, natural resources and environment, zoology, botany and Chemistry, as a stream-creating matter, a pattern and a guiding line in the direction of the perfection of science and, accordingly, in the direction of the happiness of human beings.  

One of the remarkable aspects of the holy Qur’an is the use of diverse linguistic methods to convey a particular idea. This study aims to evaluate the commissive act in the Qur’an using Searle's speech act theory, a theory useful in comprehending deeper semantic levels of holy scriptures. The study used a descriptive-analytical method, and the data were analyzed through a qualitative analysis of statistical results to answer the following questions: What linguistic forms does the Qur’an use to represent commissive speech acts? And what themes or topics are included in these commissive speech acts' utterances? First, employing a desk research approach, the Qur’anic verses containing the commissive speech acts were selected based on syntactic, lexical, and semantic criteria. The distinguishing characteristics of each case were then identified, including the discursive structure of the act, the committed person, and the theme of the commitment. Finally, the relationship between the linguistic form and the theme of the speech acts was examined. The findings reveal that the Qur’an expresses commissive speech acts through four linguistic structures: oath, promise (al-wa‘d), threat (al-wa‘īd), and pledge; each includes divine and non-divine conceptions, and each has a unique characteristic. The quantitative comparison of these four shows that “promise” is the most commonly cited sub-speech act, distinguishing it from other linguistic forms. “Threat”, “oath”, and “pledge” are the other most frequently cited sub-speech acts. Moreover, the evaluation of the speech agents and their status as aspects of the situational context reveals that the speech participants are not equal in terms of position and power, which is a decisive factor in the selection of linguistic forms. In all of these cases, the language structures and their intricacies, particularly modality (modal marking), illustrate the relationship between the linguistics style and power dynamics between the participants. The focus of the themes, domain, and frequency differ throughout the four categories mentioned above, with some overlap in certain instances.

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : One of the main contemporary issues worldwide is to achieve sustainable peace wherein people of different cultures are at peace with one another. In such a situation, it is expected that Islam, as the last and perfect divine religion, will provide solutions for various issues and problems that are in the way of human life, and this article was written with this purpose. METHOD AND FINDING : In this qualitative research, which is a type of exploratory study, the religion of Islam strives not only to correct the apparent behavior of human beings towards each other; but also looks at the problem at its core and provides a solution for them. In other words, the model lays the foundation for Islamic culture that manifests peaceful coexistence in human action and is in line with the ultimate human goal. The Islamic model of peaceful coexistence among human beings uses the traditional categorization of Islamic teachings of theology (worldview), jurisprudential (the dos and don'ts), and ethics (the paramount of human potentials), that these elements are interconnected. In such a way that the model firstly refines the self and then the society. CONCLUSION : The results show that the Islamic model has the ability to lay the foundations of peaceful coexistence among human beings.