درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: One of the modern management approaches that has received significant attention and has addressed the weaknesses and problems of traditional management models is ethically-oriented management. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design an ethically-oriented management model to enhance employee education in higher education, utilizing grounded theory in the free universities of Mazandaran province. Methodology: The nature of this study is exploratory and utilizes qualitative data. The research population consists of management experts and professors with management experience in the free universities of Mazandaran province. The researcher employed the snowball method to achieve theoretical saturation after conducting interviews with 13 experts and opinion leaders. Qualitative data were collected through structured interviews and analyzed using the qualitative method of grounded theory. Findings: Causal factors influencing ethically-oriented management for the development of employee education include personal characteristics, psychological capability, job identity, and organizational communications. Contextual factors include organizational ethics, organizational foundations, organizational justice, and leadership roles. Influential intervening factors include political, executive, infrastructural, and cultural factors. Additionally, three core phenomenon components have been identified and reported: ethical educational leadership skills, ethical literacy, and instructional design. Resulting strategies include external and internal university strategies, formal and informal strategies. Lastly, outcomes include structural development, educational development, communicational development, and performance development. Conclusion: This research began with the aim of achieving an ethically-oriented management model for the development of employee education in higher education using grounded theory and has completed its evolutionary journey through qualitative methods, resulting in a model. Finally, recommendations derived from the researcher's experiences are presented.

Purpose: In the context of rapidly evolving digital landscapes, digital media literacy has become a foundational element in primary education, crucial for preparing students to navigate and influence their digital surroundings effectively. This study aims to identify and describe the key components of digital media literacy as taught in primary schools, focusing on the insights of faculty members from Iran to understand how these components are integrated into the educational system. Methodology: Employing a qualitative research design, this study gathered data through semi-structured interviews with 21 faculty members who are directly involved in teaching digital media literacy in primary schools across Iran. Theoretical saturation was achieved to ensure comprehensive coverage of the concepts. Data were analyzed using NVivo software to facilitate a thorough thematic analysis, identifying the core components of digital media literacy education. Findings: The analysis revealed five main themes central to digital media literacy in primary education: Transfer, Usage, and Digital Competence; Computer Fundamentals; Online Basics Skills; Word Processing, Spreadsheet, and Presentation Skills; and Database and Data Security Skills. Each theme comprised several categories that detailed specific skills and knowledge areas essential for comprehensive digital literacy, ranging from basic computer operations to advanced data management and security. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of a robust digital media literacy curriculum in primary education, highlighting specific skills that are crucial for students' development as competent digital citizens. It also points to the need for ongoing teacher training to keep pace with technological advancements, ensuring that educators are well-equipped to impart these essential skills.

Purpose: The excessive use of mobile phones significantly alters human thought patterns and affects individuals' behavior and psycho-social well-being. This study aims to explore the correlation between social intelligence and self-determination in adolescents, focusing on how mobile phone addiction plays a mediating role. Methodology: The research employed a descriptive-correlational approach and cross-sectional method, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) for analysis. The statistical population consisted of teenage boys and girls in Tehran who experienced mobile phone addiction from July to October 2023, with psychologist confirmation of addiction. A sample of 150 teenagers was selected through purposive sampling, with 17 individuals excluded due to incomplete or erroneous questionnaire responses. Research instruments included the Tromso Social Intelligence Scale, Self-Determination Scale, and Mobile Phone Addiction Questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 for overall data and SmartPLS version 4 for path analysis between variables, with a significance level set at 0.05. Findings: The results of the current study indicated that Social Intelligence had a significant negative impact on mobile phone addiction (β=-0.380, p <0.001). In addition, there was a significant positive effect of Social Intelligence on Behavioral independence (β=0.383, p <0.001), but no significant effect on Psychological Empowerment and Self-determination (p>0.05). Furthermore, the relationship between Social Intelligence and Behavioral independence, as well as Self-determination with the mediating factor of Mobile phone addiction, was found to be significant (p < 0.001). However, the association between Social Intelligence and Psychological Empowerment with the mediating role of Mobile phone addiction was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the current research indicate that social intelligence can decrease mobile phone addiction and enhance behavioral independence, while mobile phone addiction can diminish behavioral independence and self-consciousness. However, social intelligence and mobile phone addiction do not impact psychological empowerment. Additionally, mobile phone addiction serves as a mediator in the correlation between social intelligence and the aspects of behavioral independence and self-consciousness.

This paper aims to explore how mobile phone technology shapes interactions between couples and creates a controversial atmosphere in marital life. To achieve this, we conducted 30 in-depth interviews with married individuals in Isfahan, Iran. After coding and categorizing the data using the grounded theory method, we identified "insecurity" as a core category. Feeling insecure is largely influenced by one's interpretation of their partner's "mobile phone etiquette" and "social media behavior". Insecurity manifests in four main dimensions: “emotional insecurity”, “relationship insecurity”, “individual insecurity”, and “domestic insecurity”. We noted that the marital life context, including trust and sexual satisfaction plays a crucial role in how couples perceive and interpret each other's use of mobile phones. However, gender is the most significant factor affecting individuals' perception of mobile phone, their interpretation of their spouse’s use, and their experience of insecurity as a result. This research utilizes social analysis to examine the effects of technology on family life. The research findings hold both academic and practical implications. Professionals involved in the field of family and couples' relationships can benefit from this paper to deepen their understanding of the role and significance of mobile phones in contributing to conflicts within marital life.