درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Stress is a fundamental response of the body to various environmental pressures, impacting physical and mental health across age groups. After birth, infants enter a phase known as the Stress Hyporesponsive Period (SHRP), during which their physiological responses to stressors are significantly diminished. This stage is crucial as it shapes how individuals respond to stress later. Research indicates that the type and severity of stress experienced during the SHRP can have long-lasting implications, affecting stress reactivity in adulthood. Consequently, there is growing interest in utilizing exercise and physical activity as tools to mitigate the effects of stress. Various sports strategies and exercise regimens are adopted by health professionals to manage both physiological and psychological stressors. Notably, exercise has emerged as an important therapeutic option for various medical conditions, contributing to improvements in individuals’ mental well-being and physical fitness. Moreover, the objectives of this research extend beyond mere treatment; they also involve the enhancement of individuals' physiological traits. This study examines the scientific literature over the past decade regarding the Stress Hyporesponsive Period and analyzes research articles. By focusing on the relationship between exercise and stress response, this research aims to fill existing gaps and explore new pathways for understanding the interactions between physical activity and stress responses.

Purpose: Unusual or intense exercise causes minor damage (microtrauma) to muscle fibers. It is thought that this damage is accompanied by the release of certain enzymes into the blood serum. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of resistance training and retraining on the enzymes creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase in inactive young boys. Method: Twenty-four healthy inactive young boys volunteered for the present study and were randomly divided into two groups of 10. The exercise protocol consisted of five stations of biceps and shoulders with a barbell, squats, chest presses, and forearm presses. Each movement consisted of three sets of 12 repetitions. The exercise intensity was 75% of one repetition maximum. Serum levels of the enzymes creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase were measured before the activity and at intervals of 1 and 48 hours thereafter. For data analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance and independent t-test were used at a significance level of p≥0.05. Results: The results of the present study showed that the levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes increased in both resistance training and resistance retraining groups compared to the pre-test at time intervals of 1, and 48. No differences were observed in serum levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase between the two groups during and after retraining (p>0.05). Conclusion: Retraining may not be a significant variable affecting recovery after muscle injury. However, more research is needed in this area.