Overweight

Purpose: the etiology of children obesity can be varied. Adipose tissue is an active tissue that secretes proteins such as TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term sprint interval training on serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, insulin, and lipid profile in overweight boys. Method: a number of 30 overweight male students (with a mean age of 9.93±0.2 and BMI of 27.73±0.2) were randomly assigned to the control group (n=15) and sprint interval training (n=15). The subjects of the experimental group did the training for eight weeks, as the control group was engaged in doing their daily activities without intervention. Measurement of anthropometric indices and fasting blood collection were performed (to measure insulin, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, cholesterol, LDL, HDL and TG) one day before and one day after the training program. Results: the results of the present study indicated that 8 weeks of sprint interval training significantly decreased weight and BMI in overweight children (P<0.001). In addition to weight and BMI reduction, levels of TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL significantly reduce the following eight weeks of the sprint interval workout (P< 0.001 for all), while adiponectin and HDL levels increase (P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively). Conclusions: in general, the present study demonstrate that sprint interval training which is a new way of physical activity exerted a positive effect on most of components contributing to children obesity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 12 week a selected aerobic exercise program on body composition, lipid profile, and working ability of employees involved overweight and obese. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group, 65 overweight employees were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Then aerobic exercise program three sessions per week and each session 65-50 minutes, was performed for 12 weeks for the experimental group. The control group did not have such an intervention. Body composition indices, workability index and, lipid profile were measured before and after the training protocol for both groups. Data were analyzed using the covariance test (ANCOVA). Results: The results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduced body composition indices, including (fat percentage, body mass index, and waist to pelvic ratio) and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) the exercise group compared with the control group. The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the ability to work index of the exercise group also increased (P <0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that aerobic exercise could improve body composition, lipid profile and workability index, and prevented contracting chronic diseases, reducing their ability to work, and retiring early in overweight and obese employees.

Purpose: the etiology of children obesity can be varied. Adipose tissue is an active tissue that secretes proteins such as TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term sprint interval training on serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, insulin, and lipid profile in overweight boys. Method: a number of 30 overweight male students (with a mean age of 9.93±0.2 and BMI of 27.73±0.2) were randomly assigned to the control group (n=15) and sprint interval training (n=15). The subjects of the experimental group did the training for eight weeks, as the control group was engaged in doing their daily activities without intervention. Measurement of anthropometric indices and fasting blood collection were performed (to measure insulin, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, cholesterol, LDL, HDL and TG) one day before and one day after the training program. Results: the results of the present study indicated that 8 weeks of sprint interval training significantly decreased weight and BMI in overweight children (P<0.001). In addition to weight and BMI reduction, levels of TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL significantly reduce the following eight weeks of the sprint interval workout (P< 0.001 for all), while adiponectin and HDL levels increase (P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively). Conclusions: in general, the present study demonstrate that sprint interval training which is a new way of physical activity exerted a positive effect on most of components contributing to children obesity.

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a therapy package for weight control based on Acceptance and Commitment with the Matrix Approach and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Food Craving and Physical Activity in overweight individuals. The research Design was a quasi- experimental with pretest and posttest and An Active Control group. For this purpose, 40 persons were selected via availability sampling and in regard to include and exclude criteria. The instrument of the study were Baecke's Physical Activity Questionnaire (1982) and Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait of CepedaBenito (2000, FCQ-T). The experimental group received the intervention package in 12 online group sessions of 2-hour weekly sessions and 8 individual sessions of tDCS AR/CL stimulation (2Ma for 20 minutes) and the control group received only 8 individual tDCS sessions of AR/CL stimulation (2Ma for 20 minutes). The results of between- within group mixed analysis of variance showed that the combined intervention package of weight control based on Acceptance and Commitment with the Matrix Approach and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) had a significant effect on physical activity and cravings of overweight people in comparison with tDCS alone. According to the results, it can be concluded that the therapeutic package of the present study can be a good option to increase Physical Activity and reduce Food Craving.

Purpose: The aim of this study was compares the effects of 10 weeks High Intensity Interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity aerobic training (MIAT) on serum levels of homocysteine and some cardiovascular risk factors in overweight inactive men. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, nineteen overweight men voluntarily participated in this study and were randomly divided to 2 Groups: High Intensity Interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity aerobic training (MIAT). Subjects performed training programs for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The levels of homocysteine and lipid profile were measured before and after 10 weeks of training programs. For statistical data analysis, independent and paired t tests were used and considered significant at a p≤0.05.   Results: The results of this study showed that both High Intensity Interval training and moderate intensity aerobic training caused a significant reduction of homocysteine levels (P≤0.05). After 10 weeks of high -intensity periodic exercise, cholesterol levels (p = 0.001), LDL (p = 0.002) decreased significantly and HDL levels were significantly increased (p = 0.001), In MIAT training group, only a significant reduction in cholesterol was found (P=0.006). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that both High Intensity Interval training and moderate intensity aerobic training have favorable effects in reducing body weight and some cardiovascular risk factors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of HIFT exercise, on creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood serum in overweight adult men. Method : Twenty-two untrained non-smoker overweight men (age, 42.9 ± 5.6 years; body mass, 94.2 ± 9.3 kg; body height, 178.9 ± 4.5 cm; and BMI, 29.04 ± 3.3 kg/m2) volunteered to participate in this study and performed a session of HIFT exercise with 80-85% HRmax consisting of three sets of 10 exercises. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after training to measure serum CK and LDH levels. Results: The HIFT protocol significantly increased serum CK (Pre: 114.6 U/L; Post: 124.3U/L; p< 0.05{t=-5.48, p=0.001}); Also, LDH had a significant increase (pre:213.4 U/L, post: 225.4U/L; p<0.05{t=-4.09, p=0.001}). Conclusion: It can be concluded that HIFT with AMRAP (as many repeats as possible) protocol will lead to a significant increase in some indicators of muscle damage such as CK and LDH levels in overweight men. This protocol can lead to muscle damage in overweight men.