Sport development

The purpose of the current research was to investigate and prioritize the promoting and inhibiting factors in the development of women's professional basketball in Khorasan Razavi, Iran. This is a mixed study conducted with an exploratory-analytical approach. In the qualitative part of the research, the interviewees included sports management professors, prominent basketball pioneers in Khorasan Razavi province, professional female basketball players, as well basketball boards’ managers and representatives. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included professional female basketball players, coaches, and basketball pioneers in Khorasan Razavi. In general, 8 interviews and 134 questionnaires were collected in the research process. The qualitative data was analyzed through the content analysis method while the quantitative data analysis process was completed by using SPSS software (v. 22) and exploratory factor analysis, as well as Friedman's ranking tests. The findings of the research revealed that out of 48 items obtained as effective factors on the development of women's professional basketball in Khorasan Razavi province, 25 items were considered as promoting factors and 23 items were found as inhibiting factors. Also, based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis test, 6 promoting factors ("socio-cultural factors", "technical level", "basic factors", "expert human resources", "competition and event", and "scientific indicators") and 5 inhibiting factors ("financial issues", "motivational supportive factors", "facilities factor", "club ownership" and "management perspective”) were identified. "

Background: In the past few years, the increasing importance of the impact of exercise on physical and mental health has caused mobility wave around the world. Nevertheless, in Iran, a few people participate in physical activities. Aim: This study aimed to assess the reasons of nonparticipation in physical activity in Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive and analytical approach conducted as a field study. The population of this research includes all people in Iran. Results: The results revealed that this factors are effective: three factors in individual characteristics variable (lack of sports skills, fatigue and impatience, fear of injury), four factors in inhibitor variable (lack of access to sports facilities and venues, poor quality of sports facilities and venues, being too busy, low income), four factors in environmental driving variable (lack of proper planning for sports, lack of awareness of the advantage of sport activities, feeling embarrassed after the loss, low number of exclusive sports facilities) and two factors in sports features variable (fear of winning and losing in sports, high intensity and duration of sport activities). Conclusion: Findings indicated that the environmental variable and inhibitor variable were more effective than two other variables, hence authorities and planners should pay more attention to these obstacles and problems with better management and provision of infrastructure facilities. These problems must be solved and strategies must be developed for promotion of sports in the country.

Grassroots football is a fundamental and essential part of professional football; therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a grassroots football development model in Iran. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of data collection. In the qualitative part, the systematic approach of grounded theory methods was conducted, and structural equation modeling was used to evaluate and validate the qualitative model. To conduct the interviews, faculty members and sports managers were studied through purposeful approach. In the quantitative part, the research samples included sports managers, coaches and players selected via convenience sampling. Based on the results, causal conditions include factors related to facilities and resources, human resources and managerial factors; context includes factors related to family, education and motivational factors; Intervening factors include economic-political and legal factors; the strategies include human resource management strategies, development of scientific management and coaching, synergy of related organizations and the use of income generation strategies. The consequences include the development of professional football and sustainable development through sports. According to the results of quantitative part, the validity of the research model was approved. the proposed model can be presented as a scientific framework and guidance based on the knowledge of experts for the country's sports managers in line with the development of grassroots football.