درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background : Anti-inflammatory markers play a crucial role in chronic diseases.. Regular training is a valuable method to control inflammation. Aim: This meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of exercise training on anti-inflammatory indicators like IL-10 and IL-4. Martials and methods: Various databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials from 2007 to 2023. Studies focusing on IL-10 and IL-4 indicators in individuals undergoing exercise training were selected. According to the study inclusion criteria, ultimately, 40 articles were finally selected as study samples for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using fixed and random effects models to analyze the effect sizes, taking into account factors such as age, gender, health status, type and duration of exercise, and BM.. Results: Aerobic training significantly increased IL-10 levels (p=0.00, 95% CI=0.267:0.723, ES=0.495), while the increase after resistance training was not significant (ES=0.295, 95% CI-0.020:0.610, p=0.067). Both aerobic training (ES=-282, 95% CI=-0.795:0.185, p=0.237) and resistance training (ES=0.227, 95% CI=-0.389:0.843, p=0.471) had no significant effect onIL-4 levels. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant increase in IL-10 associated withBMI subgroups (p=0.019), with the highest increase in BMI group 18 to 25 (p=0.001). Subgroup meta-analysis for IL-4 showed no significant differences between subgroups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic training was associated with a significant increase in IL-10 levels in healthy and unhealthy subjects, but aerobic and resistance training had no significant effect on IL-4 levels. Further randomized controlled studies are essential, especially focusing on resistance training and different training scenarios.

Background : Dysfunction of Skeletal muscle mitochondrial is often associated with some of the metabolic diseases for instance diabetes. Aim: the aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise training on proteins levels of MFN1, MFN2, FIS1 and Drp1 in gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats. Martials and Methods: In the present study, the 20 male Wistar rats (age: 8 weeks, weight: 200±20 g)  were randomly divided into four groups of Diabetic Control (DC), Diabetic Training(DT), Healthy Control (HC) and Healthy Training (HT). Induction of type-2 diabetes was done by combining of High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) injection . In the training groups, the aerobic exercise training program was carried out for eight weeks based on the principle of gradual overload, and the training intensity was increased from 15 m/min for 30 minutes in the first week to 25 m/min for 60 minutes in the last week. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were unconscious, then the tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle was extracted and kept at -80 temperature. The levels of all proteins were evaluated by western blot technique. One-way ANOVA analysis with Tukey's post hoc was used for comparison of variables in between groups at a significance level of 0.05 by SPSS-23 software. Results: Induced diabetes caused by the combination of high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection led to a significant decrease in MFN1 (P=0.001) and MFN2 (P=0.019) proteins and a significant increase in FIS1(P=0.012) and Drp1(P=0.023) proteins in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats. However,  aerobic exercise training led to a significant increase in MFN1(P=0.009) and MFN2 (P=0.015) and a significant decrease in FIS1(P=0.002) and Drp1(P=0.034) proteins  in the muscle of diabetic rats (P< 0.05). Conclusion: due to the results of this study, type-2 diabetes disturbs the mitochondrial dynamics and the optimal function of skeletal muscles. On the other hand, exercise, as a beneficial and complication-free strategy has a essential role to maintenance the balance of mitochondrial dynamics and its optimal function in the diabetic skeletal muscles.