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Objective : Basketball is a sport characterized by open skills, where actions are unpredictable and dynamics are constantly shifting, leading professional players to experience varying levels of physical and mental fatigue. This study aimed to explore and compare how mindfulness and music training affect physical and mental fatigue in elite basketball players. Method: In this quasi-experimental research, 27 elite basketball players were randomly assigned to either a mindfulness-based training group, a music-based training group, or a control group. Blood samples were taken under fasting conditions to assess the study variables before and after the intervention. Data analysis involved one-way analysis of variance (ACNOVA), paired t-tests with a significance threshold (P ≤ 0.05), and the Bonferroni post hoc test to identify intra-group and inter-group differences. SPSS version 27 was utilized for these analyses. Results : When comparing the groups, there was no significant difference in the impact of mindfulness and music on physical fatigue at a significance level (P ≤ 0.05). Similarly, the effect of mindfulness and music on changes in inflammatory markers such as lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and C-reactive protein was not significantly different at the same significance level. However, the effect of mindfulness and music on mental fatigue showed a significant difference at a significance level (P ≤ 0.05), indicating that mindfulness significantly reduces psychological fatigue. Conclusions : The findings of this study revealed no significant difference between the effectiveness of mindfulness-based training and music in terms of physical fatigue and changes in serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and C-reactive protein. However, in the area of mental fatigue, mindfulness-based training demonstrated a significant reduction in mental fatigue in the post-test. 

Locomotive Syndrome (LS) is a prevalent condition among older adults. It significantly impacts the quality of life and increases the risk of falls, fractures, and functional decline. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two exercise programs, Vivifrail and Locotra, on improving walking speed in elderly individuals with LS. Thirty elderly women aged 65 and older from the Ranginkamanesepid Day Care Center in Isfahan, Iran, participated in this randomized controlled trial, divided into two groups for an eight-week intervention, conducted three times a week. The primary outcome was the 6-meter walking time test, measured before and after the intervention. Both exercise programs demonstrated improvements in walking speed post-intervention; however, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. The Vivifrail group had a mean walking time post-test, while the Locotra group also showed improvement. The effect sizes indicated that both programs were effective but did not significantly outperform each other. Both Vivifrail and Locotra exercise programs are beneficial for enhancing walking speed in elderly individuals with LS, and given the lack of significant differences between the two interventions, healthcare providers may consider either program as a viable option for improving mobility in this population.

Background: This study addresses the challenge of enhancing selective attention in skilled badminton players, a critical cognitive skill for optimal performance, by investigating the combined effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and mindfulness training.Aim: The present study was conducted to investigated the effects of a tDCS-mindfulness program on selective attention in skilled badminton players.Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male badminton players (mean age= 23.78±3.09 years) were selected based on exclude and include criteria and randomly divided into three groups of 12, A-tDCS-Mindfulness, sham-tDCS-Mindfulness (five sessions), and control. The Edinburgh Hand Test was used to determine the dominant hemisphere of the brain. The Computerized Stroop Test was used to measure selective attention capacity. Nonparametric Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used.Results: The results showed that the within-group changes in both A-tDCS and sham-tDCS mindfulness groups, it was able to have a significant improvement on the Stroop test score and time of interference. In the comparison between groups effect, it was also found that there is a significant difference in time and score between the three groups, and respectively, the A-tDCS mindfulness, sham-tDCS mindfulness and the control group had the best performance. Based on the results of the present research, it was found that the presentation of A-tDCS mindfulness can be more effective on the time and score of selective attention of badminton players.Conclusion: Results suggest that the use of tDCS along with mindfulness can improve selective attention in badminton players.