درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present research was conducted with the aim of improving economic governance in the country's sports based on marketing factors. The participants in this research consisted of individuals with expertise in the field of sports economics. The data collection tool used in this research was semi-structured interviews. To analyze the qualitative data, thematic analysis was employed. The results of this research indicate that in the context of specialized and human facilitators aimed at enhancing economic governance, the main concepts identified include attention to global structures in sports, scientific processes, supportive systems, and managerial systems. In total, 21 components were identified for improving economic governance in the country's sports based on marketing factors, concerning the specialized and human facilitators aimed at enhancing economic governance. Moreover, in terms of foundational, structural, and organizational capabilities concerning the objectives of economic governance, the main concepts identified include expanding penetration rates, building trust, budgeting, and social incentives in sports. A total of 16 components of economic governance in the country's sports, based on marketing factors, were identified. Additionally, regarding the quality of communications in achieving the goals of economic governance, the main concepts included inter-sectoral cooperation, creating a social economy, and informational aspects. In total, 12 components of economic governance in the country's sports, based on marketing factors, were identified in relation to the quality of communications in achieving the goals of economic governance.

The aim of the study was to assess the state of academic education in sport management in Iran. A mixed methods research approach was utilized, involving the collection of documentary data from relevant websites, followed by interviews with experts in sport management education. The participants were purposefully selected using a non-random method. The findings revealed the existence of 65 doctoral programs in sport management, with a target of attracting 266 students, as well as 261 master's programs in three tracks within sport management, aiming to draw 3554 applicants. Furthermore, there are approximately 230 faculty members in sport management. The experiences of experts highlighted a decrease in the average quality and motivation of students in sport management programs. One of the reported reasons for this was the lack of legal support in attracting specialized individuals in this field to the job market.

The research method employed a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative), with participants consisting of experts in sports marketing, media, and e-sport businesses. The selection criteria for participants in the qualitative section were theoretical saturation, and a purposive sampling method along with snowball sampling strategy resulted in the selection of 18 individuals. The identified individuals from the qualitative section were then used for structural-interpretive analysis. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews for the qualitative section and a 14x14 matrix for the quantitative section. To ensure validity and reliability, the coding process utilized strategies such as credibility, transferability, conformability, process audit, and agreement within the subject. The qualitative data analysis involved two stages: initial coding and focused coding, while the quantitative data analysis employed the structural interpretive modeling and the MICMAC analysis. The findings revealed 14 determinant factors related to social media marketing in e-sport businesses. Based on the structural interpretive analysis, the relationships between these factors were categorized into 7 levels, forming a hierarchical relationship model. This model demonstrates that social media marketing in e-sport businesses leads to changes in consumer behavior and the effectiveness of marketing activities. The underlying cause of this transformation is the growth of the digital environment, followed by the widespread penetration of social media networks. Based on these results, it can be concluded that social media marketing in e-sport businesses is a complex multifaceted process, with interconnected components that create interactions and reactions in social media marketing.

Background: Identifying the practice conditions that optimize the learning of motor skills is one of the main objectives in the field of human motor learning research.Aim: Present study aimed to explore the effect of success criteria in low-error practice conditions on motor learning, self-efficacy, and mood states among female students.Materials and Methods: This practical quasi-experimental study was conducted in a field setting. The participants were 30 female students from Yazd University, selected through convenience sampling. After they completed the consent form, the selected participants were randomly divided into three groups: low-error practice with a large target (n= 10), low-error practice with a small target (n= 10), and a low-error control group (n= 10). Then, mixed ANOVA was applied in order to test the hypotheses and data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23, with a significance level set at P < 0.05.Results: The findings indicate that both the large (P=0.003) and small (P=0.001) target groups significantly outperformed the control group (P=0 .033) regarding the difference in performance accuracy. Moreover, In the small target group, a significant difference was observed only in the happiness subscale considering mood states (P=0.001), while in the large target group, significant differences were found in the tension (P=0 .003), depression (P=0.001), and fatigue subscales (P= 0.001). Regarding self-efficacy, significant differences were observed in the power dimension in both the large (P=0 .001) and small target groups (P=0.003)Conclusion: The use of success criteria in low-error practice methods is beneficial, and it is recommended to adopt this approach to improve accuracy and stability in practice sessions.