E-Commerce

The present study seeks to identify and prioritize the components and dimensions of e-commerce and categorize them as a comprehensive model by using the meta-synthesis method. In this research, total of 58 articles in the field of E-commerce was identified and examined in the first step. Latin articles were in the period of 1996 to 2017 and Persian articles were related to the period of 2001 to 2017. Finally, after three stages of the evaluation of articles, 29 articles remained. Then, based on the results of the meta-synthesis method and the use of open coding, three main fields and a number of subfields were found for the e-commerce variable. Also, at this stage, the initial data was also introduced in the form of a new subset and added to the comprehensive model by using the indexing, conceptualization and categorization method. The main fields of e-commerce included customer trust and satisfaction in e-commerce, the development and application of e-commerce and the success of e-commerce. Each of these main fields has a number of subfields. Suggestions are presented in accordance with the comprehensive model identified. The e-commerce model can be a good tool for decision making managers and decision-makers, and should be used as a basis for future research.

E-business Governance is the decision-making framework within which decisions about relationship, accountability, compliance, direction, and control in e-business activities are made. This structure make the e-commerce organization manage itself more effectively and prevent failure that take place by having not adequate attention to governing elements, risk of e-business, dynamic of standards, and rules. In this research by using literature review and interviews with experts, a questionnaire was designed and by analyzing the gathered data through surveys, the e-business key success factors such as e-business enablers, corporate and IT governance, the best practices, management and strategy were extracted. Then these key factors were presented as the e-business governance models. The results of statistical analysis confirm that the model might be helpful in handling the process of e-business in Iran.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of e-commerce marketing capabilities in enhancing Iranian carpet export capabilities via a paradigmatic model. In fact, the present study seeks to identify various factors that may influence the role of electronic marketing capabilities in promoting Iranian carpet export capacity. The identified strategies obtained from the paradigmatic model in this study are ranked in order to develop an understanding of the strength of their effects on the outcomes of e-marketing at the international level. In terms of research philosophy, the present study is based on interpretive paradigm and is considered an applied-developmental research in terms of research orientation. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and a standardized questionnaire. The study population consisted of experts and managers of the carpet industry in Iran, who were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using theme analysis approach in MAXQDA software, and quantitative data were analyzed using interpretive structural modeling in Excel software. The main finding of the present study is to introduce a paradigmatic model of the role of e-commerce marketing capabilities in promoting Iranian carpet export capability. This model identifies and introduces contextual, causal, strategic, and intervening factors as well as the implications of developing e-marketing capabilities with the primary concern of promoting the country's carpet export capabilities. In addition, in the quantitative phase of the study, thirteen strategies affecting two categories of short-term and long-term outcomes were ranked based on the strength of their impact on outcomes.

The increase in Internet technology popularity due to the advancement of information technology is bound to rise at an unprecedented pace in China. The development of E-commerce has become an important part of people everyday lives in certain sectors of business activities such as online advertising, online shopping, online promotional advisory and service. This study examines critical factors in online shopping that affect customer satisfaction. The philosophy of positivism was used to evaluate the online shopping behaviour in a Chinese context. The philosophy defines a structural method that combines logical deduction with accurate and well-known observation of personal character and behaviour. The data on the level of customer satisfaction collected by E-mail and survey. The results of the validity and reliability test, Pearson's correlation and Multiple Linear Regression analyses suggested that online shopping websites’ privacy, delivery system and service quality would improve customer satisfaction in China. The Companies must carefully develop the E-commerce environment in terms of customer behaviour in China, emphasizing the factors that have a significant impact on their online customer satisfaction

The E-commerce has been grown rapidly with the rise in the number of business entities. The expansion of e-commerce businesses, however, has created challenges to the tax authorities around the world. Due to the way in which e-commerce is being carry out, it may provide tax planning opportunities. This study aims to explore whether businesses that conducted e-commerce in Malaysia has the intention to do tax planning. Interviews were conducted with e-commerce business administrators. Result indicates that tax issues is not the main motivations for companies to do e-commerce. This indicates that other factors are more important for e-commerce businesses to consider in their planning stage

The purpose of this study was to design and fit an e-commerce implementation model in knowledge-based companies active in the field of information and communication technology in Tehran province. In this research, the research policy of data foundation theory was used. The statistical population of the qualitative section consists of experts familiar with the subject of research (university professors and experts in the field of study). In order to determine the sample size, a purposeful method was used and until the new concepts were not enumerated, the interview process continued until the 15th person. The statistical population of a small part is all employees of knowledge-based companies active in the field of information and communication technology in Tehran that according to surveys, approximately 21,000 people work in these companies which 378 people were selected as the sample size by racemose or random classification and Morgan table. In this research, two questionnaires have been used to collect the data needed to measure the studied variables. Experts' opinions were used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.87 was obtained. To analyze the data, the grounded theory approach and structural equations have been used and the software is PLS. Findings showed that 81 sub-components constitute the dimensions of the model and the results of model fit also showed that the research model is valid for implementation and according to the analysis, it was found that at the 95% confidence level, all paths are significant, and as a result, the six main dimensions and subcomponents related to the model are approved.

With the emergence of the World Wide Web, Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) has been growing rapidly in the past two decades. Intelligent agents play the main role in making the negotiation between different entities automatically.  Automated negotiation allows resolving opponent agents' mutual concerns to reach an agreement without the risk of losing individual profits. However, due to the unknown information about the opponent's strategies, automated negotiation is difficult. The main challenge is how to reveal the optimal information about the opponent's strategy during the negotiation process to propose the best counter-offer. In this paper, we design a buyer agent which can automatically negotiate with the opponent using artificial intelligence techniques and machine learning methods. The proposed buyer agent is designed to learn the opponent's strategies during the negotiation process using four methods: "Bayesian Learning", "Kernel Density Estimation", "Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network", and "Nonlinear Regression". Experimental results show that the use of machine learning methods increases the negotiation efficiency, which is measured and evaluated by parameters such as the rate agreement (RA), average buyer utility (ABU), average seller utility (ASU), average rounds (AR). Rate agreement and average buyer utility have increased from 58% to 74% and 90% to 94%, respectively, and average rounds have decreased from 10% to 0.04%.

The main challenging issues for e-commerce operators are building trust in customers to make purchases and gaining a suitable position in the minds of consumers to repeat purchases. Therefore, this research aims to identify the effective factors of word of oral electronic marketing on brand equity. For this purpose, the researcher tried to use the grounded qualitative research method (Glaserian grounded theory) and, with the help of MAXQDA software, to identify and present the dimensions, components, and indicators of oral electronic marketing effective on "brand equity" from the analysis of theoretical bases, upstream documents, and interviews with experts. This research is in the category of applied-developmental research, and in terms of method, strategy, and nature, it is part of exploratory qualitative research, whose philosophy is based on the interpretative-constructive paradigm. It has a single time horizon, collects data from both documentary and field methods, and its tool is recording in the documentary (library) section and interviews in the field section. The statistical population of this research is experts in the fields of human resources management, marketing, and branding; managers and vice-presidents; and employees of e-commerce companies. Based on research findings, oral electronic marketing has two dimensions: technical and technological factors and individual factors, and the dimension of technical and technological factors includes the components of electronic marketing tools and situational features, message features, and the dimension of human factors includes the components of individual factors and interpersonal factors. The special value of the brand also has two dimensions of consumer perception and consumer behavior. The dimension of consumer perception includes the components of brand association, perceived quality, and brand awareness, and the dimension of consumer behavior includes the components of brand loyalty, customer relationships, and brand consistency.

Unprecedented growth in technology usage has led to the proliferation of e-commerce sites and their adoption globally. However, there are factors hindering the adoption and full exploitation of e-commerce sites in Nigeria. In view of this, this study examined users' perception of selected e-commerce sites in Nigeria, using students of the University of Ilorin as a case study. The population of the study comprised mainly of 5500 students from four faculties selected from the University of Ilorin using a simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection using descriptive statistics to analyze field data. A Purposive sampling technique was adopted in the selection of students for this study. The sample size comprised of 300 students selected purposively from the four Faculties. Findings revealed that the majority of users patronized e-commerce sites such as Jumia, Konga, OLX, and Jiji. However, users of e-commerce sites raised issues of privacy concerns, low-security awareness, and lack of user education. In conclusion, recommendations were made towards improving the adoption and use of e-commerce sites in Nigeria.

Given a limited understanding of post-COVID customer behavior on social media, this paper seeks to identify consumer behavioral patterns on Facebook and Instagram in the post-COVID era. The research explores all the inner and outer features that might affect the way consumers think or act in the post-COVID era. Hence, a qualitative approach has been adopted to have a more comprehensive and current understanding. The research begins by identifying pertinent factors shaping consumer behavior through an extensive review of existing literature. To refine and validate these factors, the study employs the fuzzy Delphi method, a research technique that involves seeking consensus among a panel of experts. The findings of the research illuminate 24 distinct factors, organized into five main dimensions: contextual, social, content, technological, and product. Notably, the study underscores the significance of product-related factors, technological advancements, content quality, and social interactions in shaping post-COVID consumer behaviors. The product-related factors hold the most substantial influence over consumer behaviors, followed by technological considerations, content quality, and social interactions. Managers should prioritize quality assurance and strategic product categorization. Emphasizing these aspects in product positioning can significantly influence consumer behavior on social media platforms.