درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective : Athlete burnout remains a significant concern in competitive sports, with growing evidence highlighting its detrimental effects on performance and mental health. This study examined the efficacy of a Choice Theory-based intervention in reducing burnout symptoms by enhancing autonomy and psychological need satisfaction among elite athletes. Method: Using a longitudinal, randomized controlled design, 156 elite athletes (aged 18–32) from endurance, team, and skill-based sports were allocated to either an 8-week Choice Theory intervention group or a control group receiving standard mental skills training. The intervention incorporated weekly workshops on need identification, cognitive restructuring ("choose to" vs. "have to" thinking), and autonomy-supportive goal setting, alongside coach training in autonomy-supportive communication. Burnout was assessed using the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), while psychological needs were measured via the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale (BPNSSS). Physiological markers (salivary cortisol, heart rate variability) provided objective stress indicators. Results : Results demonstrated significant reductions in emotional exhaustion (p < 0.01, d = 0.72) and sport devaluation (p < 0.05, d = 0.54) in the intervention group compared to controls at 12-month follow-up. Mediation analysis revealed that increased autonomy (β = -0.38, p < 0.001) and competence (β = -0.29, p < 0.01) fully mediated burnout reduction. Physiological data corroborated these findings, with improved HRV recovery (p < 0.05) and lower cortisol levels (p < 0.01) in the intervention group. Conclusions : These findings support Choice Theory as an effective framework for athlete burnout prevention, emphasizing the critical role of autonomy-supportive environments in sustaining long-term athlete well-being. The study advances current practice by demonstrating that structural changes in coaching approaches—particularly empowering athletes with meaningful choices—can significantly mitigate burnout risk. Future research should explore the generalizability of these effects across diverse athletic populations and cultural contexts.

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) impose a heavy burden on individuals, organizations, and governments.Aim: The purpose of this study was to provide information about WMSDs and working posture. This information can be helpful in designing preventive programs.Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. 207 subjects participated in this study. For WMSDs investigation and postural assessment during work, Nordic Questionnaire and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method were used, respectively. Gathered data from research variables measurement analyzed using Chi-square test and descriptive statistics. A p value of equal or less than 0.05 took into account to be statistically significant.Results: The most prevalent work–related musculoskeletal disorder was found in lower back region, the percentage for large, medium and small ships staff was 58%, 61.7% and 45.1%, respectively. A significant relationship was found between WMSDs in neck (P=0.001), hands and wrists (P=0.02), back (P=0.04) and knees (P=0.001) and used ship by staff. A higher proportion of level four corrective action, was found in small ship staff.Conclusion: WMSDs are prevalent among staff of all ships. WMSDs are more prevalent in lower back. Also, immediate change in posture and investigation is more necessary in small ship staff.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of yoga exercises on fatigue, balance, muscle strength and neurological disorders in women with multiple sclerosis. This was a semi-experimental study, for this purpose, pre and post-test study design (experimental group and control group) were used. 42 women with MS in Khomein city participated in this study and divided into two control (age: 33.3±6.2, height: 164.6±4.4, weight: 71.1± 7.3 and BMI: 26.4±2.9) and experimental group (age: 38.3±4.5, height: 160.8±7, weight: 68.5±14/6 and BMI: 26.4±4.8). The exercises were based on cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and yoga exercises, which was an 8-week program (3 sessions of 60 minutes per week). A quesinnaire, Berg balance test, Standing stork test, Tug, chair test and neurological disorders test were used to collect data. Kolmogorov Smirnov, dependent and independent t test, and Cohen's D test were used in the SPSSV25 software environment to analys data. Level of significant was 0.05. The findings of this study showed that yoga exercises leads to reduce fatigue level(P≤0.05), improve static and dynamic balance (P≤0.05), increase lower body muscle strength (P≤0.05) and leads to decrese neurological disorders (P≤0.05) in women with MSm(P≤0.05). In conclusion it can sugusted to trainers and MS patients' authorities to utilize this method in to minimiz balance problems, improve strength, endurance and also nurological disorders of affected individuals. Thi sapproach can be considered as a new method in their rehabilitation exercise program

The convergence of digital transformation and artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping sports globally, yet para-sport organizations face uniquely complex challenges, from precision in classification to equitable access to technology. Despite growing interest, research remains fragmented, lacking an integrated framework linking technological capability, ethical governance, and inclusivity imperatives. This narrative review critically synthesizes contemporary evidence (2005–2025) to illuminate how AI and digital systems can reconfigure para-sport governance, performance optimization, and athlete empowerment. Literature was sourced from major scholarly databases, analyzed thematically, and integrated into a foresight-oriented conceptual model. Findings reveal five strategic domains: organizational digital readiness; AI applications for adaptive training and decision-making; governance frameworks for ethical and transparent implementation; mitigation of algorithmic bias; and future scenario planning for resilient, inclusive systems. Opportunities include enhancing classification accuracy, personalizing performance strategies, and democratizing digital resources. However, risks such as entrenched bias, data governance failures, and regulatory fragmentation remain critical threats. This review advocates for urgent, coordinated action to integrate ethics, accessibility, and co-creation into AI development. Policy recommendations include stakeholder-driven algorithm design, routine bias audits, capacity-building initiatives, and harmonized global regulatory standards. Ultimately, para-sport stands at a pivotal inflection point: without intentional, equity-focused strategies, technological advances risk reinforcing structural disparities.

This study's purpose was to structurally model the relationships between personality style and sports identity with psychological resilience in athletes with a disability. The research method was descriptive-correlational, using structural equation modeling. The sample included active athletes with a disability (club, provincial) who had experienced at least one sports injury in the past two years. Data collection utilized McCrae and Costa's Personality Questionnaire, Brewer et al.'s Sports Identity Questionnaire, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Data were analyzed using partial least squares. The findings showed that personality style has a positive and significant effect on psychological resilience. Sports identity also had a positive, significant impact on resilience. These variables explained a significant variance in resilience. Results indicate that athletes with positive personality traits and stronger sports identity have a greater ability to bounce back from difficult situations. From an applied perspective, findings can be used in designing psychological interventions to enhance resilience. Sports federations should include personality skills development.