تفاوت نمایش "خود" در زندگی معمولی و زندگی اینستاگرامی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شبکه های اجتماعی موجب به وجود آمدن شکل جدیدی از تعاملات و عناصر فرهنگی شده اند. یکی از این عناصر ابراز خود و نمایش شخصیت خود است. جامعه شناسان درباره تعاملات روزمره و معمولی توصیفات و نظریات مفصلی ارائه داده اند که نظریه نمایشی گافمن یکی از بهترین آن هاست. اما درباره نمایش خود در شکل جدید تعاملی در شبکه های اجتماعی هنوز نظریه مفصل و مستقلی ارائه نشده است. این نوشتار به دنبال آن است که با توصیف چگونگی نمایش خود و ابزارهای آن، تفاوت های موجود بین نمایشِ خود در اینستاگرام و تعامل روزمره را نشان دهد. در این مسیر از روش نوین مردم نگاری اینترنتی استفاده شده است و با استفاده از پرسشنامه مورد تأیید کاربران قرار گرفته است. در پایان نیز تفاوت های اصلی این دو نوع نمایش براساس عناصر اساسی آن با استفاده از مثال نمایش تئاتری و نمایش سینمایی بیان شده است. کلیدواژهِ دستورِ زبانِ اجراهای اینستاگرامی "لذت بصری" است که موجب شکل گیری روال های اجرایی نمایش ها می شود.The difference between "self" representation in ordinary life and the life of Instagram
IntroductionThe tremendous changes of the Internet have led to the emergence of new forms of social life. These changes have even caused some new philosophical attitudes to be produced. Social networks have accelerated this change and have forced various issues such as the perception of the body and the change of beauty culture into everyday life. Creating an online identity that has a placeless and even timeless nature. This online identity requires a special kind of presentation that is different from the everyday presentation in the past. Goffman had given detailed explanations about the theatrical performance in the past. But are those explanations useful for showing in online life? Social networks, especially Instagram, have been able to create a tool for their display that is different from the display in the past. So a new framework should be made in this field and a new theorizing should be done for this new reality. PurposeOur goal of this research is to try to re-conceptualize display in this space by using the data available in the Instagram social network and to expand Goffman's theory in the field of online life to determine the differences between these two contexts. MethodThe method used in this research is netnography. Netnography is a method for understanding the attitudes, ideas, images and feelings of users in online communication. In other words, discovering culture online. Netnography is a qualitative and innovative method to support sociological theories in the Internet space and emerging social networks. In this research, the researcher, with continuous observation of more than three years of the online space of Instagram and accuracy in all kinds of interactions including posting, self-presentation, comments, directs, stories, captions, biographies, likes and followings, etc., reached the norms and subcultures. has been found In addition, short and long-term conversations have been conducted with more than thirty people to make the researcher's understanding of space more accurate. Then, some of the researcher's discoveries were turned into internet questionnaire questions and were placed in a popular Telegram channel, which was generally people with an Instagram page. It has been tried to test Goffman's concepts in this space and explain the differences qualitatively.ResultsEach user tries to create an online identity for himself based on existing stereotypes and adjust all parts of his display based on this general identity. In this space, people present their show through a photo or video that is voluntary and with self-awareness. Users can choose to perform their demonstration whenever they want. Self-presentation on Instagram can be done without the presence of the person himself. When a person takes photos and videos of the living space, tools around him, nature, etc., but he is not in it; This means that a show takes place without physical presence. The present audience is a term made up by the mind to refer to the mentality of the presenters of the Instagram show from their own audience. Users talk to their followers and perform their show for them. While they don't see them, on the other hand, through their reactions, they can create a spectrum of their audience in their minds, which may be different from the audience's reality, because the audience may have performed those reactions themselves in a show. Behind the scene in this space means that it happens when a person wants to prepare a photo or a video for his screen which means in front of the scene. In Instagram, the host can control and select his contacts to a great extent. ConclusionIn summary and in the form of a metaphor, it can be said that the difference between showing on Instagram and showing in everyday interactions is like the difference between making a movie and performing a theater. The differences between these two shows can be summarized as follows: 1- As it was said, in this show, the control of the environment and which show goes on the stage is entirely in the hands of the presenter. 2- In this show, a person can advance his show by using writings or taking pictures of the surrounding realities, and in the meantime, there is no need to be seen. 3- A person can advance his show in response to the realities around him. In fact, he should confirm and repeat the identity he has defined for himself, not by action, but by reaction. This issue makes the basis of the show to measure yourself and your position. 4- People can delete or control their contacts in this space by using the option to block or close comments. 5- Users with high followers in this space are faced with invisible contacts who know they are real but do not know who exactly they are. 6- The ability to remain and not be removed is one of the very basic things in this space. Photos that belong to an old show can be seen in the first encounter of a new user, while this is not possible in a personal show. In general, the display tool in this space is its own, but in its infrastructure, it is based on the same form of communication that Goffman explained. 7. Self-disclosure is difficult in this space because the audience is from different spectrums8. Due to the visual nature of this space, it becomes easier to compare and spread a subculture or specific normative practices. This causes new standards to be formed in different fields.
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