مفهوم پردازی راهبردهای اجتماع محور بنگاه های کسب و کار (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ازآنجاکه در عصر حاضر ماهیت و نگاه به فعالیت کسب وکارها دچار تحولاتی شده و انتظارات از کسب وکارها در زمینه حل مسائل اجتماعی بیش ازپیش بالا رفته است، بنابراین بررسی انواع رویکردها به این راهبرد ها و شناسایی پیامدهای حاصل از آن، می تواند به نحوه انتخاب راهبردی شرکت ها با در نظر گرفتن مسائل اجتماعی کمک کند. با مرور پیشینۀ تحقیق مشخص می شود که مفاهیم این حوزه دچار تغییر و تحولات بسیاری شده است و دیدگاه های جدیدتر بر شیوه گفتمان شرکت ها با جامعه تأکید بیشتری دارند. ازاین رو هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه یک چارچوب از دیدگاه یکپارچه و فراگیر از راهبرد های اجتماع محوری است که می تواند پیامدهای گسترده تری برای جامعه داشته باشد. بدین منظور برای درک عمیق از پدیده، رویکرد تفسیرگرایی اتخاذ و از روش فراترکیب، برای تجمیع و بسط نظریه های پیشین استفاده شد. از کل مجموعه مقالات بررسی شده 66 مقاله واجد شرایط از تمام تحقیقات کیفی و کمی مربوط به 15 سال اخیر به زبان انگلیسی و فارسی را در برگرفته است. پس از مطالعه و ارزیابی محتوای مقالات و استخراج کدها و مفاهیم مرتبط، محتوای راهبرد های اجتماع محور مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. طبق ادبیات دو جهت گیری مسئولانه شرکت ها در قبال جامعه یعنی جهت گیری تنظیم و جهت گیری تغییر، محتوای راهبرد های اجتماع محور را شکل می دهند، که با عنوان راهبرد های اجتماع محور تنظیم گرا و راهبرد های اجتماع محور فراگیر نام گذاری شدند. در پایان پس از جمع بندی چارچوب مفهومی از دسته بندی شناسایی شده حاصل از این راهبرد ها و محتوای و پیامدهای آن ارائه داده شد.Conceptualizing the social-oriented strategies for Businesses
Aim and Introduction : In the present era, the nature and view of business activity has changed and expectations from businesses in solving social problems have increased more and more, so examining the various approaches to these strategies and identifying the consequences can help how companies choose strategically in relation to Social Issues. A review of the literature reveals that the concepts in this field have undergone many changes and newer perspectives more emphasis on the way companies communicate with society. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide a framework from an integrated and comprehensive perspective of social-based strategies that can have wider implications for society. The contribution of this study in theoretical value-added is that by examining the content of the formation of strategies that are conceptualized in this study social-based strategies, we reach a more comprehensive and systematic perspective that includes all the conditions and tools for achieving such strategies with specific consequences. Be. Thus, the problem of the present study, the reflection on the field of study and the development of existing reserves in this field, is based on a systematic research to clarify the way for researchers in the field of strategic management and economic actors. Methodology : Sandelowski and Barroso (2006) models have been used to solve the problem and answer the researcher's questions and among the existing models for implementing the meta-synthesis method. For this purpose, for a deep understanding of the phenomenon, the interpretive approach was adopted and the meta-synthesis method was used to consolidate and expand the previous theories. Out of the total collection of reviewed articles, 66 qualified articles from all qualitative and quantitative researches related to the last 15 years have been included in English and Persian. Finding : After studying and evaluating the content of articles and extracting related codes and concepts, the content of social-based strategies was identified. According to the literature, two responsible orientations of companies towards society, namely regulatory orientation and change orientation, form the content of social-based strategies, which were named as regulatory social-based strategies and inclusive social-based strategies. In fact, social-based regulatory strategies are among the strategies that have been previously discussed in the literature as social responsibility strategies related to the business core of and with the aim of gaining a competitive advantage. But inclusive social-based strategies include practices that are likely to go beyond the business core and lead to broader consequences such as inclusive development and community resilience. Findings also show that the content of these two types of strategies in several components including responsible orientation ;perspectives, values and mission; level of analysis; dominant institutional logic; motivation and expected effects and emphasis on value; relationship with corporate governance; perspective or approach Dominance; strategic focus; broad-scale consequences; ultimate goal and orientation to society are different. Discussion and Conclusion: This study tried to help organizations by identifying social-based practices that have a strategic aspect to create purposeful programs and processes to improve the overall well-being of society and ultimately create synergistic value for the organization. Understanding the mechanisms that explain why and how companies are moving toward social-based strategies is also one of the most challenging topics in management studies. Our findings may serve as a springboard for further research to encourage firms to identify components and effective measures to formulate such strategies. It can also act as a practical tool for managing social-based strategies both at the company level and at the extra-organizational level. Finally, the aim of this study was to track the content components of corporate social-based strategies based on a review of the existing literature. To pursue this goal, it is clear from the literature review that there is no comprehensive approach to the content of social-based strategy with the aim and concern of solving social problems and finally broader consequences such as inclusive development and resilience of society and describe its distinction with social-based strategies such as They have a competitive advantage and a win-win relationship with society.
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