درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Parenting Competence Scale. Methods: This research was a descriptive survey. The statistical population included all male and female students in the first grade of high school in District 11 of Tehran during the 2022-2023 academic year. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. In this study, to examine the psychometric properties of the Parenting Competence Scale, confirmatory factor analysis was used for construct validity, correlation coefficients for convergent validity, and internal consistency coefficients for reliability. For this purpose, 350 adolescents aged 13 to 15 responded to the Parenting Competence Scale, the Strength-based Parenting Scale (Jach et al., 2018), and the Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness, and Happiness Instrument for Adolescent Well-being (Kern et al., 2016). Findings: The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Parenting Competence Scale, with a structure comprising four factors—parental warmth, parental demand, social value of patience, and social value of respect for privacy—had good construct validity. Additionally, the results related to the correlation between the dimensions of parenting competence with strength-based parenting and adolescent well-being supported the convergent validity of the Persian version of the Parenting Competence Scale. Furthermore, the internal consistency coefficients of the subscales of privacy, patience, parental warmth, and parental demand were 0.86, 0.79, 0.80, and 0.78, respectively, defending the reliability of the Persian version of the aforementioned scale. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study, while defending the conceptual positions derived from a positive and non-deficit approach to the field of parenting studies on which the conceptual foundation of the idea of parenting competence is based, also provided substantial evidence in support of the technical characteristics of the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Parenting Competence Scale.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explain the structural model of quality of life based on early maladaptive schemas and the mediating role of self-care in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This research is classified as descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women with type 2 diabetes in Tehran who visited healthcare centers during 2021. The sample comprised 350 women with type 2 diabetes in Tehran in 2021, selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire, the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and Pearson correlation statistical methods with SPSS.22 and AMOS.22 software. Findings: The results showed the fit indices were PCFI=0.655, PNFI=0.661, CMIN/DF=2.90, RMSEA=0.089, IFI=0.917, CFI=0.914, and GFI=0.903, indicating a good fit of the proposed model with the data. The highest coefficient (-0.47) was attributed to the pathway from the domain of impaired autonomy and performance to quality of life. Conclusion: The coefficient of determination for the quality of marital relationship variable in the proposed structural model was 0.889, indicating that exogenous variables could predict 89% of the variations in quality of life, which is a strong prediction.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of resilience and self-compassion in the relationship between perceived stress and psychological distress with marital adjustment among individuals attending counseling centers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research was conducted using a descriptive-correlational methodology through the structural equation modeling approach. The population included all individuals with marital discord attending private counseling centers in Isfahan during the winter of 2021, who were experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 150 people were selected through convenience sampling and responded to the research instruments. Research Instruments: The instruments included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003), the Spanier Marital Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976), the Self-Compassion Scale by Neff et al. (2011), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003), and the Perceived COVID-19 Stress Scale by Campo-Arias et al. (2020). Data were analyzed using PLS software and structural equation modeling. Findings: The results indicated that the effect of stress on resilience was significant (t=7.61), stress on self-compassion (t=3.91), resilience on adjustment (t=9.34), compassion on marital adjustment (t=2.09), psychological distress on resilience (t=5.4), and psychological distress on self-compassion (t=2.56) were significant (p≤0.05), and resilience and self-compassion played mediating roles between the variables. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, reducing perceived stress and psychological distress impacts increasing resilience and self-compassion, and with the enhancement of self-compassion and resilience, marital adjustment improves.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the effects of ethical leadership and organizational politics on individual and team creativity, focusing on the mediating role of knowledge hiding. The study is a descriptive-correlational survey and is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population included employees of selected public organizations in the Eqlid County, totaling 950 individuals. 270 individuals were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling method based on the rule of thumb for SEM as the sample. To collect data, the following measures were used: Brown's et al. (2005) Ethical Leadership scale, the Organizational Politics scale by Kacmar and Carlson (1997), the Knowledge Hiding scale by Serenko and Bontis (2016), the Individual Creativity scale by Zhou and George (2001), and the Hanke's (2006) Team Creativity scale. The validity of scales was confirmed using the content validity, and the reliability was examined using Cronbach's alpha, yielding values of 0.89 for the Ethical Leadership, 0.82 for the Organizational Politics, 0.92 for the Knowledge Hiding, 0.87 for the Individual Creativity, and 0.85 for the Team Creativity. For data analysis, SEM and the AMOS software were used. The results of the study fitted the research model, indicating that ethical leadership and organizational politics have a significant negative impact on knowledge hiding. Additionally, knowledge hiding has a significant negative effect on both individual and team creativity of employees. By reducing knowledge hiding behaviors through ethical leadership and organizational politics, the level of creativity among employees at both individual and team levels increases.