درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The Urartu civilization is one of the old civilizations of the Azerbaijan region. Urartus ruled over northwestern part of Iran, Caucasia, eastern Turkey and even northern part of today Syria. Their language does not belong to Indo-European or Semitic language families. Their language was an agglutinative language. There are lots of inscriptions related to Urartus in East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan and Ardabil in northwestern Iran. These inscriptions and Urartu castles in the region have Turkish names. The researcher tried to find out whether there is any relationship between Urartu language and Azerbaijani Turkish language of local people of the region. The cognate based study and comparing roots of the words between ancient Turkish and Urartu language showed that Urartu and Turkish words have the same roots. There are also grammatical similarities between these two languages in using suffixes like –li and –ni for showing relationship and possessiveness. Furthermore, in Urartu language like Kazakh Turkish suffix –u is used to make an infinitive verb. Some Uratian names like Turkish names start with prefix ar/er. The name of some Urartian Gods have meaning in Turkish. As a result, Urartu language must be an Altaic language and a proto-Turkic language.

With specialized research and activities, archeology introduces many features such as old and ancient areas, ethnicities, cultural traditions, artistic handicrafts and the diverse climate and ecosystem of Iran to attract tourists. The formation of a positive sense in tourists about tourism destinations, taking into account the synergistic approach, also strengthens the sense of pride in the local community. On the other hand, increasing the level of perceived quality of tourists leads to an increase in the satisfaction of tourists as customers of tourist places and becomes the basis for encouraging managers and planners to try to provide more services with better quality. If the environment of tourism destinations lacks the desired quality, it will affect the perception of the tourist about the space and as a result, his mental image of the environment. In addition to motivating and introducing tourist attractions, archeology can provide the basis for the participation of government institutions and private sector investors in order to provide facilities and revive tourism dimensions. Reconstruction of historical contexts, anthropology, linguistics, traditional arts and other related sciences, can provide a suitable platform for economic growth and development, along with the development of tourism in the region and the world for Iranian society. According to the above, in this study, the researcher attempted to investigate the role of archeology studies and the quality of the rural environment in the development of tourism. This study is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection, and is based on observation, interview, questionnaire and statistical data. In the present study, two methods of documentary and survey studies have been used. The statistical population included experts in the field of tourism and planning. The statistical sample of the research is about n=10. In addition to seeing the sights and natural landscapes of those places, tourists become familiar with the customs and culture of that village. In this way, tourists are interested in buying village products, such as handicrafts, local products, etc., and this means an increase in the income of villagers who work directly or indirectly in this industry. Most studies are demanded and focused on visitors and their needs and motivations.  

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-weeks endurance training on volume and capacity of lungs (forced expiratory volume in 1second, Forced vital capacity, ratio FEV1/FVC) and its relationship with BMI in Male Smoking students. Method: In order to accomplish this research 20 cigarette addicted men students referred to the smoking cessation clinic were randomly selected and were divided into two groups of experimental (n=10) (age: 15.33 ± 2.07 years and BMI: 25.41 ± 3.55 kg/m2) and the control group (n = 10) (age: 15.10 ± 2.81 years and BMI: 27.26 ± 66 kg/m2). The Spirometry indexes (FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FVC), height and weight were measured Prior and after 8-weeks of endurance training. Experimental group performed 8-weeks of progressive endurance training (3 sessions per week, 60 minutes per session) which included running with the intensity of 75% MHR. Intensity of exercise was controlled by maximum heart rate and the formula of (220-age) and the intensity level and duration of exercises increased in each session. Data analysis was done by using the variance analysis method for repetitive data and the independent T-test. Results: The results of this study showed that after eight weeks of endurance training, Spirometry indexes (FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FVC) significantly increased (P<0.05), and this increase had a negative relation with BMI (P<0.05, r=-0.62). Conclusion: the study showed that eight weeks of moderate-intensity endurance training improved volume and lung capacity of Male Smoking students and it could partly remove the damaging effects of smoking on physical and psychological health and it can help them quit smoking as well.