Iranian journal of educational sociology

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of the content of the educational network - growth information with the educational needs and interests of its users. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation method. The research community of students and teachers of the second-high school of Nazarabad city were in the academic year of 2018-19. The sample size was calculated according to the Cochran's formula of 345 students and 105 teachers, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The research instrument of the researcher-made questionnaire had two forms of student (41 items) and teacher (34 items). Their formal and content validity was confirmed by 10 experts and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha method for both student and teacher forms were 0.98. Was obtained. At the descriptive level, data analysis of central orientation and scattering indicators including mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage were used, and at the inferential level, t-test was used to test statistical hypotheses. Findings: The findings of the present study showed that the average content of the educational network - growth information in terms of needs and interests of students and teachers and their five dimensions in both groups including knowledge needs, skill needs, attitude needs, interests and thinking ability and problem solving below It was moderate (P <0.05). Conclusion: Due to the incompatibility of the content of the educational network - growth information with the educational needs and interests of students and teachers, it is necessary to design and prepare appropriate content after proper and comprehensive educational needs assessment.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to design a quantum leadership model in Iranian public universities Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section included university experts who were selected as the sample size using the snowball sampling method and the principle of saturation of 10 people. In the quantitative section, the statistical population was the available scientific research articles on the subject, from which 32 articles were selected. In this study, library method, observation, in-depth interview and semi-in-depth interview were used to collect data. In a small part, content analysis was used. The interview with the experts indicated that the interview was valid, and in order to calculate the reliability, the reliability method was used between the two coders, and the results indicated that the interview was stable and valid. For the analysis of research data in the qualitative section, point analysis of content and Delphi method, and in the quantitative section, interpretive-structural modeling was used. Findings: The results of the study showed that the components of quantum leadership included quantum view, quantum thinking, quantum sense, quantum cognition, quantum operation, quantum trust and biocenology. On the other hand, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the existing leadership and the desired leadership. Conclusion: Attention to quantum thinking and Its point of view is necessary to achieve quantum leadership, therefore the four main factors can be explained in explaining why quantum leadership includes: uncertainty phenomena, environmental complexities, extensive and reciprocal interactions and continuous and rapid changes that Taken from the characteristics of the quantum paradigm, it is a phenomenon and necessitates the use of a certain style of leadership as quantum leadership in the organization.

Purpose: The present study was conducted to identify the components of the learning organization in primary schools in Tehran. Methodology: The research method was exploratory in terms of practical and qualitative purpose. The statistical population of the study included academic experts and education experts. Samples in this section were selected by targeted sampling and theoretical saturation. The research tools were semi-constructed interviews. In order to ensure the validity of the research tools and to ensure the accuracy of the findings from the researcher's point of view, the valuable views of professor’s familiar with the field and academic experts who were experts in this field were used. To calculate the reliability of the interview, the method of agreement within the subject matter of the two coders was used. The data analysis method in this study was theoretical coding derived from the fundamental data processing theory method. Findings: The results of the study showed that the components of the learning organization, including the components of individual mastery, mental patterns, systemic thinking, common aspiration, team learning and information technology. Also, the components influencing the learning organization in elementary school included the components of organizational culture, leadership, and human resources. Conclusion: Having individual mastery among teachers and having positive mindset patterns is very important for learning that results in the use of modern learning methods, such as team learning.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the PRIZ creativity training program on individual-social adjustment of high school students. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and control group. The statistical population of the study included all female students in the first year of Shabestar high school in the academic year of 2018-19, numbering 1524 people. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster random sampling to select the school and the purposeful method was to select the students based on the inclusion and exit criteria in the experimental design. For this purpose, 30 students were selected and randomly divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n =15) groups. To collect the data, the California Standard Individual and Social Adjustment Questionnaire (CPI) were used. To analyze the data in the inferential section, multivariate analysis of covariance test and spss24 software at a significance level of 0.05 were used. Findings: The results showed that the mean of individual and social adjustment in the experimental group increased significantly after training and there was a significant difference in the post-test scores of individual and social adjustment of the "experimental group" compared to the "control group"(P<0/001). Conclusion: The PRIZ creativity training program has a significant effect on improving the level of individual-social adjustment of female students.

Purpose: The current research proposes a model for elite’s recruitment to Iranian educational organizations based on the ethics and specific cultural contexts of Iranian society. Methodology: This is a combination of two quantitative and qualitative approaches. This is also an applied descriptive-exploratory paper. The primary pattern of research is extracted from the theoretical background and consists of four dimensions (competencies definition, effective factors analysis, competitor’s analysis, and recruitment tools). The final model was extracted and verified through interviewing the experts and the coding process. The cultural components of each dimension are also extracted and clustered according to the experimental data and according to the experts in a 4-step Delphi process. Finally, the current and desired status of the elite recruitment system in educational organizations has been studied using the gap analysis method. Ten companies were selected as sample for the selection of the community by cluster sampling and the questionnaires were distributed among managers and their human resources experts. The GAMS software is used to analyze the data and determine the effectiveness of the coding model. Effectiveness in the current paper is to determine the optimal value of the dimensions. Findings: Based on the findings, the optimum model dimensions (competency definition, effective factors analysis, competitor’s analysis, and recruitment tools) have increased in optimal condition compared to the current situation. One of the most important reasons for this is the existence of cultural barriers to the recruitment process, which impedes the effectiveness of the process and chooses the right and proper. Removing these barriers is one of the essential requirements for optimizing the proposed model. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the current situation and the desired level, which necessitates serious attention to the factors affecting the elite’s recruitment and the development of appropriate mechanisms for their recruitment in educational organizations.

Purpose: The aim of this research was validation and presenting a model for religion and life lesson based on resilient economy policies from the viewpoint of curriculum experts and relevant teachers. Methodology: Present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (quantitative and qualitative). The research population consisted of curriculum experts (118 people) and teacher of religion and life lesson of second high school (827 people) in Mazandaran province. Based on the Cochran formula, 92 people from the curriculum experts and 232 people from the teachers of religion and life lesson were selected by random sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire (40 items) that its formal and content validity was confirmed by the experts of educational sciences and its reliability was calculated with using Cronbach's alpha 0.924. The data were analyzed with the methods of descriptive (frequency and percent frequency index) and inferential statistics (chi-square test) with using SPSS-20 software. Findings: The results showed that from the viewpoint of curriculum experts and relevant teachers the curriculum of religion and life lesson based on resilient economy policies confirmed and there was no significant difference between the opinions in this two groups (P>0/05). Conclusion: Finally presenting a model for religion and life lesson based on resilient economy policies that curriculum experts and authors can use it to editing the book of religion and life.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to design a jiهادی management model in Islamic Azad University; Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of mixed method and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research included experts from Islamic Azad University at the educational and executive level. To determine the samples of this study, ten people were selected using targeted non-random sampling method and saturation principle. The statistical population of the quantitative sector, including all managers and senior experts of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and the Central Organization of the Islamic Azad University, was 480 people, using Cochran's formula and stratified random sampling method, 214 people as sample size. Selected. To collect data, semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used. To validate the instrument in the qualitative part of the research, the valuable opinions of professor’s familiar with the field and academic experts who were experts in this field were used, and the reliability of the experiment and the method of agreement within the subject were used to calculate the reliability of the interviews. In order to determine the validity of the questionnaire, content and structure validity were used and reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability, which showed the validity and reliability of the tool. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of theoretical coding was derived from the method of fundamental data processing theory. In the quantitative and inferential part, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used using Smart Pls-v2 software. Results: The results of the study showed that participation, contentment, institutionalizing moral values ​​and giving importance to the treasury were influential factors on jiهادی management and effective factors of jiهادی management including self-confidence, transformation, hard work and speed of action in Things are. Also, the components of jiهادی management in Islamic Azad University include management for God, provincial management, flexibility, structure and appropriate organization. According to the identified factors, finally, the jiهادی management model was presented in Islamic Azad University, which had a suitable fit. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between the defined components and the jiهادی management model in the society of free universities of the country and these components are effective in explaining jiهادی management in society.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate media literacy on creativity skills, critical thinking and problem-solving skills of sixth-grade students. Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was all sixth-grade students of non-profit schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019 whom 206 girls (from the population of 5056 people) and 163 boys (from the population of 4002 people) were selected as the cluster sampling method. The Simone Questionnaire (2017) was used to measure media literacy, the Harris Questionnaire (2016) was used to creativity, the Sarigoz Questionnaire (2012) was used to measure critical thinking and the Sirait Questionnaire (2017) was used to measure problem-solving skills. For data analysis, data analysis method of structural equation technique was used and using LISREL and SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05. Findings: The results showed that media literacy affected the development of creativity, critical thinking and problem solving skills and these effects were not significantly different in the two groups of girls and boys. Also, the mediating role of critical thinking in the effect of media literacy on creativity and the mediating role of creativity in the effect of media literacy on problem solving skills in boys was stronger than in girls (P <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be acknowledged that media literacy of students can improve problem-solving skills, creativity and critical thinking.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to Presenting Human Resource Selection Model in Education with Tricycle Model. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of data type. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research included university experts and senior managers of education and training of the whole country in the academic year of 2018-2019. Using the principle of theoretical saturation, 23 experts were selected based on purposeful sampling method. And the deputies of the Education Organization in the whole country were 900 people in 1397-98, and using the Cochran's formula, 270 people were selected based on the relative class sampling method. In order to collect the data, two interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire including 87 items were used. Its validity was examined in three formal, content and structural methods and its reliability (Cronbach's alpha and hybrid reliability) was above 0.7. The data analysis method in the qualitative part of the theoretical coding was based on the method of basic data processing theory and in the quantitative part the methods of confirmatory factor analysis and modeling of structural equations were used using Lisrel-v8 software. Findings: According to the findings, the factors influencing the selection of human resources, including the behavior of the professional citizen, job performance and innovation, and the constituent components of human resource selection included, contextual, structural and behavioral components. Also, all the components identified in the current situation were evaluated as desirable. In addition, in this study, the mechanisms, contexts and barriers to human resource selection were identified. Conclusion: Strategies for developing an operational plan to improve human resource development in the education organization; Paying attention to meritocracy in delegating work responsibilities; Continuous evaluation of employee performance; The removal of infrastructure and credit barriers to staff access to Internet and scientific networks. Finally, it is possible to improve the choice of human resources according to the amount of components of the behavior of a professional citizen, job performance and innovation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to model social trust based on social intelligence, social identity, and social isolation based on the moderating role of gender and family economic status on secondary school students in Tehran. Methodology: The research method was descriptive correlation based on modeling and structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all high school students in Tehran in the year 2019, from which 495 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data collection was done based on Social Trust Questionnaire (Dr Safari nia, Sharif 1389, base on Johnson's theory, 1993), Social Intelligence Questionnaire (Ang Ton Teeth, 2008), Social Identity Questionnaire (Dr Safari nia, Roshan 1390, base on Jenkins's theory, 2000) and Social Isolation Questionnaire (Modaresi Yazdi, 2014). Data analysis was done by SPSS19 and PLS-SEM software in two descriptive and inferential sections. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Findings: The results showed that based on the identified dimensions and components, the research model had a good fit. The results also showed that the results of social isolation, social intelligence and social identity had an impact on students' social trust. It should be noted that the social isolation variable has a negative coefficient and social intelligence and social identity have a positive path coefficient. It is therefore concluded that gender has a moderating effect on the coefficients of variable social identity on social trust. The coefficient indicates that social identity in girls has a greater impact on social trust than boys. It should be noted that gender has no moderating role in the relationship between social intelligence and social isolation with social trust. The results also showed that the relationship between social identity, social intelligence and social isolation with social trust in the high and low economic status group was different. Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that the economic situation has a moderating effect on the coefficients of the variables of social identity, social intelligence and social isolation on social trust.

Purpose: The general aim of this study was to present a knowledge commercialization model based on teaching-learning in Mazandaran Islamic Azad universities. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type in terms of method. The statistical population of this study included all faculty members of Mazandaran Islamic Azad Universities, which comprised 1537 individual. Using stratified random sampling, 308 individuals were selected as sample. To collect the data, a researcher-made knowledge commercialization questionnaire with 84 items and a researcher-made learning-learning questionnaire with 30 items were used. The face and content validity of the tools were confirmed by the experts and their reliability was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the knowledge commercialization questionnaire (0.89) and the teaching / learning questionnaire (0.85). Structural equations were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that learning-learning has a positive and significant effect on knowledge commercialization, and the knowledge commercialization from learning-learning receives a direct and significant effect with a coefficient of 0.785. The fit of the proposed model was also suitable. Conclusion: knowledge commercialization is a process of transferring and transforming knowledge generated in research centers into a variety of business activities.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and predicting positive user responses to social media advertising: The roles of subjective norms and empathy. Methodology: This study in terms of goal is an applied and in terms of nature is an experimental research. Statistical population for this study was users of the Instagram, and simple random sampling was used and 150 questionnaires were collected successfully. For statistical analysis of the data, Structural Equations Modeling and PLS2 software was used. Findings: This research conceptualizes social networks advertisements effectiveness as a concept encompassing emotional appeal, in formativeness and creativity that all have a potential to contribute to a positive online behavior. The experts were asked to validate the validity. It proposes and tests a conceptual model of the formation of online user’s behavioral responses about social networks advertising. Conclusion: The results of our empirical tests of the model reveal that emotional appeal, in formativeness and advertising creativity were key drivers of favorable behavioral responses to a social networks ad and that intention to engage in favorable user responses was positively associated with purchase intention.

Purpose: Present research aimed to presentation model of entrepreneurial attitude based on knowledge management and innovation with mediating role of ethical intelligence in academic-applied comprehensive universities. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was the employees of the academic-applied comprehensive universities of West Azerbaijan province in academic years of 2018-19 with number of 600 people. According to the size of the population and based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, 234 people were selected as the sample according to the classified sampling method based on the city of the place of employment. To collect data used from the questionnaires of entrepreneurial attitude (Robbins & Coulter, 1989), knowledge management (Fong & Choi, 2009), organizational innovation (Choupani & et al, 2012) and ethical intelligence (Lennick & Kiel, 2005) and to analyze data used from structural equation method with the help of SPSS-19 and Smart PLS-3 software at a significantly lower level than 0.05. Findings: The findings showed that the model had the fit well and knowledge management and organizational innovation had a positive and direct effect on ethical intelligence, knowledge management, organizational innovation and ethical intelligence had a positive and direct effect on entrepreneurial attitude and knowledge management and organizational innovation with mediating ethical intelligence had a positive and indirect effect on entrepreneurial attitude (P<0.05). Ethical intelligence was a good mediator between knowledge management and organizational innovation with an entrepreneurial attitude. Conclusion: Based on the results, in order to increase the entrepreneurial attitude of the employees of the academic-applied comprehensive universities can through workshops improve the level of ethical intelligence, knowledge management and organizational innovation.

Purpose: The aim of this research was comparison the development of ownership concept in preschool and elementary school children. Methodology: Present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was causal comparative. Research statistical population was all male and female children of preschool and elementary school of Pakdasht township in 2017-18 academic years. The research sample was 100 people (25 people in each grade) who were selected by random cluster sampling method. To collect data used from individually structured interview (31 questions) that the face and content validity of interview questions was confirmed by the educational sciences and psychology experts and its reliability was reported desirable by method of examiners. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance method in SPSS software version 19. Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the overall scores of the groups in the objective questions (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between them in the descriptive questions (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that preschool and first year elementary school children in compared to third and fifth year elementary school children do not have a good understanding and these children, unlike third and fifth year elementary school children, consider the first person who associates with the object as its owner.

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of wisdom and socio-economic status of the family through the mediation of academic self-concept on academic vitality. Methodology: The purpose of the research was applied and the research method was descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of research included all female high school students in district 2 of Tehran in 2018 with a total of 1200 people, 300 people According to Kerjeci- Morgan table were selected by multistage random sampling. The study tools were included Wisdom Measurement by Schmitt et al., (2012); Socio-Economic Status Inventory by Ghodratnama et al., (2013); School Self-Concept Inventory by Chen & Thompson (2003) and Educational Vitality Questionnaire by Dehghani Zadeh et al., (2013). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and Amos software. Findings: The results of the present study showed that wisdom has a positive and significant effect on self-concept (P=0.001). Wisdom has a positive and significant effect on academic vitality (P=0.001). Socio-economic status has no direct effect on self-concept (P=0.208). Socio-economic status has no direct effect on academic vitality (P=0.358). Self-concept has a positive and significant effect on academic vitality (P=0.001). Wisdom has an indirect and significant effect on academic vitality through the mediation of academic self-concept (P=0.001). Socio-economic status has no indirect effect on academic vitality in a positive and significant way with the mediation of academic self-concept (P=0.208) Conclusion: Wisdom in turn directly and indirectly through the mediation of self-concept affects the students' academic vitality.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to study the relationship of social and cultural capitals with academic motivation. Methodology: It was an applied study in terms of purpose and a descriptive-correlational one in regards to the method. The statistical population consisted of 14500 high school students of the Ilam province in the school year 2019-2020. The sample included 380 subjects chosen based on Morgan Table by multistage cluster sampling method. The tools of gathering data included the Vallerand Academic Motivation Questionnaire (1992); the social capital used for measurement of state social capital (2015), and the cultural capital self-made questionnaire which was validated based on the opinion of instructors with a reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) of 0.84. SPSS and structural equations in Amos were used to study the research hypotheses based on correlational coefficients and regression. Findings: Findings showed that the social and cultural capitals were significantly related with the academic motivation at (P<0.001, R=0.37) and (P<0.001 and R=0.53). Results of structural equations showed that social capital had direct significant influence on academic motivation (the standard regression coefficient was 0.49). “Cultural capital” with a standard regression coefficient of 0.68 had a direct significant influence on “academic motivation” and its indirect effect through “social capital” on “academic motivation” is 0.25. Altogether both social and cultural capitals directly and indirectly indicated the academic motivation variance at R2= 0.45. Conclusion: Taking the significant role of the cultural and social capitals in academic motivation found in this study, it seems mandatory to heed to these concepts in the academic system.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of academic performance with personality traits and early maladaptive schemas mediated by self-determination. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study included all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. For this purpose, 350 students were selected by simple random sampling. Then their scores were measured through the Academic Procrastination Scale, Solomon and Rothblum (1984), Young Schema Short Form (2003), Neo-Form Short Personality Questionnaire (1985), Guardia, Desi and Ryan (2000) Self-Determination Questionnaire. Path analysis, structural equations and regression test were used. Findings: Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all components of academic affiliation with the components of early maladaptive schemas and the role of self-determination is in the relationship between the two(P<00/01). Also, the relationship between all components of academic work and personality traits except psychosis was negative. The relationship between the end-of-semester exam component of academic work with conscientiousness and agreement of personality traits was not significant and the role of self-determination in the relationship between these two variables is indirect. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the importance and role of self-determination in reducing academic procrastination can be understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a model of teaching philosophy to children considering the role of Social Intelligence in the academic year of 2018-2019. Methodology: This research was a descriptive-correlational study in terms of data gathering method and applied method was employed. The method of this applied research was qualitative-quantitative combination of exploratory and descriptive-correlation. In this research, firstly, through the study of literature and semi-structured interviews, the model of teaching philosophy to children was extracted in a participatory manner, based on which a researcher-made questionnaire was obtained and then through a questionnaire and data analysis, first, the structural model. Following a documentary review of studies on the teaching of philosophy for children in a participatory manner in Iran and the world, as well as a survey of Tehran's teachers of education to review the status quo and conduct semi-structured individual interviews and administering a social intelligence questionnaire. Implemented Philosophy Education Questionnaire for Children The model was then evaluated to evaluate the suitability of the proposed model. The statistical population in this section of the study was academic community experts and education professionals with executive backgrounds at decision-making levels. The sampling method in the qualitative section will be purposeful. The number of interviewees was also determined based on the principle of saturation of 15 persons. The second group of the statistical population of this study included 1800 teachers in all elementary school teachers in Tehran. Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size. According to this formula, 317 individuals were considered as sample size. In this study, multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select statistical samples in quantitative section. Social Intelligence questionnaire was employed as a measurement tool for the qualitative part. Findings: The results showed that human cognition, relation of concepts to each other, social intelligence, concept definitions, reasoning about concepts and critical thinking respectively have the highest factor loadings and factor weight on the second-order factor six-factor model of philosophy of education for children. Also result showed that the extracte factor had acceptable fitness with the model. Conclusion: children cannot differentiate between their 'feelings' and their 'self'. Teaching children philosophy in a participatory way teaches them to accept what they feel, rather than trivialize or negate their feelings that make them think they are worthless or embarrassing. One of the most successful efforts to change student learning is the Philosophy Education Program for Children.