Problem-Solving

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate media literacy on creativity skills, critical thinking and problem-solving skills of sixth-grade students. Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was all sixth-grade students of non-profit schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019 whom 206 girls (from the population of 5056 people) and 163 boys (from the population of 4002 people) were selected as the cluster sampling method. The Simone Questionnaire (2017) was used to measure media literacy, the Harris Questionnaire (2016) was used to creativity, the Sarigoz Questionnaire (2012) was used to measure critical thinking and the Sirait Questionnaire (2017) was used to measure problem-solving skills. For data analysis, data analysis method of structural equation technique was used and using LISREL and SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05. Findings: The results showed that media literacy affected the development of creativity, critical thinking and problem solving skills and these effects were not significantly different in the two groups of girls and boys. Also, the mediating role of critical thinking in the effect of media literacy on creativity and the mediating role of creativity in the effect of media literacy on problem solving skills in boys was stronger than in girls (P <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be acknowledged that media literacy of students can improve problem-solving skills, creativity and critical thinking.

Identifying the contributors to students’ academic performance and progress creates an approach for planning, developing, and perfecting educational programs. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of flipped teaching and problem-solving methods on the sense of responsibility and problem-solving ability in mathematics among female high school students in Ahvaz. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all female high school students in Ahvaz in 2019. Using the convenience sampling method, 75 students were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups (flipped teaching and problem-solving method) and a control group (n= 25 per group). The control group received the traditional teaching method. The research instruments included the Responsibility Questionnaire and Problem-Solving Style Questionnaire. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in productive and unproductive problem-solving styles among the students (p < 0.01). Also, the flipped teaching and problem-solving methods increased the sense of responsibility in the students, compared to the traditional method. According to the results, the effectiveness of flipped teaching was more effective compared to problem-solving methods on the productive and unproductive problem-solving styles and sense of responsibility. Consequently, the flipped teaching and problem-solving methods can be used to promote problem-solving styles and a sense of responsibility among students.

Purpose: The present study aimed to describe the elements of the preschool curriculum with a problem-solving approach from the perspective of curriculum planning specialists and educational psychologists.  Methodology: This study was a qualitative study conducted in Tehran. The population consisted of curriculum specialists (n=200) and educational psychologists (n=238) who were selected using the purposive snowball sampling method, and 24 subjects were studied until reaching theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. To analyze and interpret the data, the method of thematic analysis through coding was used. Findings: The findings indicated that from the perspective of curriculum planning specialists and educational psychologists, a problem-solving curriculum for preschoolers includes goals (cognitive, attitudinal, functional), content (organization, presentation methods), teaching methods (traditional methods, attention to learner's age, instructor's characteristics, and active methods), learning activities (individual, group), instructional materials (features and types of resources), space (physical characteristics of facilities), time (duration, attention to the child's preparedness and age), grouping (attention to responsibility, respect for others, attention to ethics considerations, attention to group homogeneity, nature of the problem, group heterogeneity, number of group members, gender, age, personal differences), and evaluation (of the program based on personal, procedural, quantitative, and descriptive differences).  Conclusion: Given the importance of the Comments, it can be continuously applied to and formulated for the preschool level to raise problem-solving skills in children and foster their abilities to understand and reflect on life in the future society.

This study investigates the relationship between the user interface and problem-solving towards the continuous intention to use the services. New products or services will always face tough challenges for the customer, especially when the new procedures require them to learn and change some behaviors. Chatbots are also facing the same situation in Malaysia, where customers refuse to accept using chatbots to represent their physical presence. To understand customer behaviors, a quantitative survey was designed. Four hundred twenty-two data were collected from the online survey method. As per the results, the predictors of chatbot continuous intention are user interface and problem-solving. Apart from that, this study also measures the role of mediator, namely trust and customer satisfaction. This study contributes to unique academic and practical insights that can be used to explore the effectiveness of chatbots. The results revealed that both predictors were significant towards the continuous intentions. Besides, the role of the mediator was found to be significant and relevant in the relationship between trust and customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction and trust towards continuous attention.