تحلیل پدیدارشناختی مدیریت جهادی با بهره گیری مفاهیم و نظریه های مدیریت کسب و کار (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
جمهوری اسلامی مانند هر نظام دیگری دارای عناصر و مؤلفه هایی است که آن را از سایر نظام ها متمایز می کند. مدیریت جهادی یکی از این عناصر است. با این حال، مفهوم مدیریت جهادی برای پژوهش گران داخلی، هم چنان مبهم بوده و مناقشات بسیاری در راستای این مفهوم مطرح است. از این رو، این پژوهش با هدف ارائه چارچوبی راهبردی از مدیریت جهادی با استفاده از مفاهیم مطرح در نظریه های مدیریت کسب وکار صورت پذیرفت. این پژوهش با استفاده از استراتژی پدیدارشناسی ذیل روش کیفی، در قالب پارادایم تفسیری انجام شده است. جامعه مورد مطالعه، مدیران ارشد سازمان ها، مدیران و رهبران گروه های جهادی و اساتید رشته مدیریت هستند. بدین منظور، اشباع نظری داده ها پس از مصاحبه با 12 نفر از خبرگان مدیریت و محققین حوزه مدیریت جهادی بدست آمد و از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند استفاده شد و جهت گردآوری داده ها، ابزار مصاحبه مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. با استفاده از رویکرد پدیدارشناسی، مفاهیم استخراج و با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه ای، در نظریه های مدیریت کسب وکار تطبیق داده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مدیریت جهادی، «تفکر حل مسئله بر پایه تفکر جانبی»؛ «تنظیم اثربخش اهداف بر پایه همگرایی ارزش ها»؛ «تنظیم مؤثر روابط بر پایه نظریه تبادل اجتماعی»؛ «تنظیم مؤثر فرآیندهای شناختی بر پایه نظریه هویت اجتماعی»، «بهبود فرآیندها بر پایه بهره گیری از تئوری بهبود مستمر»؛ «ارتقای بهره وری سیستم با بهره گیری از تئوری محدودیت» و «ایجاد مزیت های رقابتی پایدار، با بهره گیری از دیدگاه مبتنی بر منابع»، قابل بررسی است.Phenomenological analysis of jihadi management using the concepts and theories of business management
Introduction
The Islamic Republic, like any other system, has elements and components that distinguish it from other systems. Jihadi management is one of these elements. However, the concept of jihadi management is still vague for internal researchers and there are many controversies regarding this concept, also, one of the most important issues that should be taken into account in the management of society is its management method based on culture and customs and using tools based on the values of that society. In a historical review, it is possible to clearly see the effect of correct management during the growth period of Iranian civilization and the period of decline due to improper management. Many different management styles were used in our country, among which we can mention Jihadi management, which is one of the native management styles inspired by Iranian civilization and Islamic religious sources.Therefore, this research was carried out with the aim of providing a strategic framework of jihadi management using the concepts raised in business management theories.
Methodology
The current research has used the phenomenological strategy of qualitative method and interpretive paradigm. The reason for this choice is that the phenomenological strategy deals with explicit explanation and identification of phenomena as perceived by individuals in a specific situation. Qualitative method has been used because it involves gathering information and describing jihadi management within the framework of business management theories. Therefore, considering the qualitative nature of the research data, the research has an abstract nature. In terms of implementation outcome, it is also a developmental research as this final framework can be used for developing the concept of jihadi management and explaining its indicators by drawing on similar management theories and completing the literature; which, due to its decision-making dimension, falls into the category of developmental research. From the perspective of the purpose of implementation, it is also a descriptive research as it describes and explains the existing reality in jihadi management, which corresponds to the corresponding business management theories. It addresses what is happening and what is real. Among the types of descriptive research, it also falls into the category of exploratory research, meaning that it studies the attitudes, beliefs, and opinions of experts in the field of business management on the subject under investigation through their responses to the questions asked. In this research, interviews are used to collect data. The data is collected through interviews with professors and practitioners in the field of business management and jihadi management. Then, the themes and meanings of interest are extracted from the data and the phenomenological approach is used.
Results and Discussion
By examining the interviews and extracting the explanatory codes to merge and unify similar codes and remove duplicate codes, the type of problem solving thinking in 11 concepts and 3 categories, setting goals in 7 concepts and 2 categories, setting people's relationships in 6 concepts and 2 categories, setting processes Cognitive in 10 concepts and 3 categories, improving processes in 8 concepts and 2 categories, improving productivity in 6 concepts and 2 categories and creating sustainable competitive advantages in 3 concepts and 1 category were extracted. Then, with document analysis, the components identified in each strategic process in jihadi management were tracked and the corresponding and related concepts in business management science were extracted.
Conclusion
In relation to problem-solving thinking and lateral thinking, it can be said that what is considered as problem-solving approaches in Jihadi management is a type of lateral thinking. Therefore, it seems that combining jihadi management with lateral thinking can help in achieving the ideals of jihadi management. Jihadi manager must be creative and have a problem solving perspective. A result-oriented and goal-oriented view, a view that underestimates the problems of the path and works effectively without the effect of obstacles in achieving the goal. In relation to the effective setting of goals in jihadi management and the convergence of values as one of the business management theories, it can be concluded that the setting of goals in jihadi management is better in such a way that both individual values It should include the organizational goals and the main goals should be based on the common goals of the employees. Regarding the cognitive processes in jihadi management and social identity and paying attention to the characteristics of the concept of jihadi management and the results of the interview, it seems that jihadi management and its implementation will not be possible without considering social identity. In relation to the improvement of processes and continuous improvement and the results presented in the interview, it seems that achieving a suitable jihadi management approach is to pay attention to continuous improvement in the subject under jihadi management. That is, a process look at the formulated vision and operationalization of the processes, formulation of standards for these operational processes and dynamics in order to improve the processes. These standards must be developed in all dimensions required by each process.
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