طراحی و تبیین مدل پرورش توانمندی های مدیریتی زنان در سازمان های دولتی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
با وجود این که در سال های اخیر پیشرفت های محسوسی در زمینه تحصیلات و مشارکت های اجتماعی زنان در کشور ما حاصل شده است، زنان نتوانسته اند سهم شایسته ای از پست های عالی سازمانی را به خود اختصاص دهند و تعداد زنان در پست های عالی در سازمان های دولتی جامعه ما بسیار اندک است. سازمان های دولتی بسیار مهم هستند و نقش بسیار پیچیده ای در جامعه ایفا می کنند. تأثیر آن ها بر جنبه های مختلف جامعه بسیار زیاد است، سازمان ها در شکل دهی نگرش جامعه نسبت به دولت، فرهنگ اجتماعی، کیفیت زندگی، موفقیت و پایداری جامعه نقش کلیدی ایفا می کنند. سازمان های بخش دولتی به طور فزاینده ای قدرت خود را در جذب نیروهای باکیفیت از دست می دهند و نیروها توسط بخش خصوصی جذب می شوند، این امر به ویژه در کشورهای درحال توسعه شدیدتر می باشد. پژوهش گران گرایش زیادی نسبت به تبیین تفاوت های جنسیتی در ایفای نقش های مدیریتی در سازمان ها ایجاد شده است. البته برخی معتقدند که مطالعه تفاوت های جنسیتی ضرورتی ندارد چرا که زنان و مردان در هنگام ایفای نقش رهبری صرفا باید بر هنجارها و الزامات نقش رسمی خود تاکید کنند که توسط سازمان تعیین شده است لذا تفاوتی ندارد که چه جنسیتی رهبر شود اما در مقابل برخی دیگر معتقدند که همان گونه که افراد به واسطه ی جنسیت شان از هم متمایز می شوند، در ایفای نقش های رهبری نیز متفاوت عمل می کنند، به باور آنها، زنان سبکی زنانه دارند که کاملا از سبک رهبری مردانه و وظیفه مدار مردان متمایز است. در این تحقیق، از روش تحقیق داده بنیاد استفاده می شود؛ مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 12 نفر از خبرگانی استفاده شد که از موضوع مورد نظر آگاهی داشته اند. برای انتخاب مصاحبه شوندگان نیز از روش نمونه گیری غیرتصادفی هدفمند و گلوله برفی استفاده شد وتا اشباع نظری ادامه پیدا کرد. با مطالعه داده ها و اطلاعات به دست آمده، در مرحله اول 189 مضمون پایه شناسایی شدند. این مضامین و مفاهیم از مصاحبه ها به دست آمدند سپس محقق این ها را در 18 مقوله مجزا دسته بندی کرد.Designing and explaining the model of developing women's managerial capabilities in public organizations
Aim and Introduction: Despite the significant progress made in recent years in the field of education and women's social participation in our country, women have not been able to obtain a decent share of senior organizational positions and the number of women in senior positions in There are very few public agencies in our society. Preliminary comparisons between statistics show that men working in specialized occupations have been 4 times more likely to grow and advance than women! Leadership is a term that has many different definitions. The most common definition is leadership is the ability to inspire and motivate a group to achieve a vision or a goal. Researchers' interest in recognizing leadership is not limited to providing different definitions and perceptions, and there is a great tendency to explain gender differences in playing leadership roles in organizations. Of course, some believe that the study of gender differences is not necessary, because men and women when playing the role of leader should only emphasize the norms and requirements of their official role set by the organization, so it does not matter what gender leads, but in the opinion of others They believe that just as people are differentiated by gender, they also act differently in leadership roles. They believe that women have a feminine style that is quite different from the masculine and task-oriented leadership style of men.
Methodology: In this study, since the variables have not been identified, the qualitative research method is used; Therefore , in this study, a semi-structured interview was used to interview 12 experts who were aware of the subject. Targeted non-random sampling river and snowball were used to select the interviewees. The interview process continued until Ashba Nazari was obtained. By studying the data and information obtained, in the first stage, by studying the desired text and reflecting on it, labels and basic themes were extracted from the texts. Coding at this stage is done with the focus on the researcher, which is the most important and time-consuming part of content analysis. Then all the extracted code was discussed. This discussion has led to the "discovery of new and richer themes from the data studied and analyzed" and the "correction of discovered codes".
Findings: 189 basic concepts or basic themes were identified. These themes and concepts were obtained from the interviews and then the researcher categorized them into 18 separate categories. In axial coding, the data foundation method, the researcher selects a category from the open coding stage, places it at the center of the process under study (as a central phenomenon), and then relates the other categories to it. These other categories are: "causal conditions", "strategies", "contextual and intervening conditions" and "consequences". This step involves drawing a diagram called a "coding pattern". To ensure the validity of the research and the accuracy of the findings in the research of the methods: 1- Review by members 2- Peer review and for the reliability of the research, the coding method was used. Finally, a model for educating women for management and leadership in public organizations was presented.
Discussion and Conclusion : According to the main subject of the interview and the subject under study, the central phenomenon or category of this research is individual education and organizational culture. Causal conditions are categories that affect the central phenomenon. In this study, four categories including individual competencies, communication-social competencies, professional competencies and structure are factors that are among the infrastructure and requirements for developing women's managerial capabilities to lead public organizations and are codified in causal terms. Women's managerial model, women's leadership style, women's empowerment and women's credibility are the three categories that have been selected as the main strategies. Gender insights and social culture are two categories that influence strategies as intervenors. Contextual contexts are a set of conditions that provide the context for the phenomenon in question and affect behaviors and actions, as well as the central category and the results that result from it.
Government support, organizational support, effective family support, and effective communication as the underlying categories affect the development of women's resilience in public organizations.
The consequences are the output of employment and the use of appropriate strategies in the upbringing of women. In this study, the categories of organizational efficiency, improving community health, improving employee health, are among the consequences of using appropriate strategies for educating women. In the final review of the model, it can be stated that the information obtained from the literature of the subject and the opinions of the interviewees indicate the existence of a direct relationship between contextual factors and the central phenomenon; Interfering and central phenomenon; Axis and strategy phenomenon; There are strategies and consequences. Also, bedding factors indirectly affect causal factors; Interventional and strategic are also related and this relationship needs to be examined in other research.
Methodology: In this study, since the variables have not been identified, the qualitative research method is used; Therefore , in this study, a semi-structured interview was used to interview 12 experts who were aware of the subject. Targeted non-random sampling river and snowball were used to select the interviewees. The interview process continued until Ashba Nazari was obtained. By studying the data and information obtained, in the first stage, by studying the desired text and reflecting on it, labels and basic themes were extracted from the texts. Coding at this stage is done with the focus on the researcher, which is the most important and time-consuming part of content analysis. Then all the extracted code was discussed. This discussion has led to the "discovery of new and richer themes from the data studied and analyzed" and the "correction of discovered codes". Findings: 189 basic concepts or basic themes were identified. These themes and concepts were obtained from the interviews and then the researcher categorized them into 18 separate categories. In axial coding, the data foundation method, the researcher selects a category from the open coding stage, places it at the center of the process under study (as a central phenomenon), and then relates the other categories to it. These other categories are: "causal conditions", "strategies", "contextual and intervening conditions" and "consequences". This step involves drawing a diagram called a "coding pattern". To ensure the validity of the research and the accuracy of the findings in the research of the methods: 1- Review by members 2- Peer review and for the reliability of the research, the coding method was used. Finally, a model for educating women for management and leadership in government organizations was presented. Discussion and Conclotion : According to the main subject of the interview and the subject under study, the central phenomenon or category of this research is individual education and organizational culture. Causal conditions are categories that affect the central phenomenon. In this study, four categories including individual competencies, communication-social competencies, professional competencies and structure are factors that are among the infrastructure and requirements for developing women's managerial capabilities to lead government organizations and are codified in causal terms. Women's managerial model, women's leadership style, women's empowerment and women's credibility are the three categories that have been selected as the main strategies. Gender insights and social culture are two categories that influence strategies as intervenors. Contextual contexts are a set of conditions that provide the context for the phenomenon in question and affect behaviors and actions, as well as the central category and the results that result from it. Government support, organizational support, effective family support, and effective communication as the underlying categories affect the development of women's resilience in government organizations. The consequences are the output of employment and the use of appropriate strategies in the upbringing of women. In this study, the categories of organizational efficiency, improving community health, improving employee health, are among the consequences of using appropriate strategies for educating women. In the final review of the model, it can be stated that the information obtained from the literature of the subject and the opinions of the interviewees indicate the existence of a direct relationship between contextual factors and the central phenomenon; Interfering and central phenomenon; Axis and strategy phenomenon; There are strategies and consequences. Also, bedding factors indirectly affect causal factors; Interventional and strategic are also related and this relationship needs to be examined in other research. Keywords: developing women, managerial capabilities, government organizations, Foundation data analysis
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