حاکمیت شرکتی در سرمایه گذاری های مشترک بین الملل (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
حاکمیت شرکتی از جمله عوامل کلیدی موفقیت اتحادهای استراتژیک از نوع سرمایه گذاری های مشترک بین المللی به شمار می آید. با وجود این سطح از اهمیت، تاکنون در مورد اینکه نظام حاکمیت شرکتی در این نوع از تشکل های مشترک چه حالت هایی می تواند داشته باشد و همچنین هرکدام از این حالت ها، خروجی چه عواملی می باشند، پژوهش جامعی صورت نگرفته است. به همین دلیل، این مقاله سعی دارد تا ضمن استخراج حالت های گوناگون حاکمیت شرکتی در تشکل های یاد شده، عوامل مؤثر و تعیین کننده حالت های مذکور را نیز شناسایی نماید. برای دستیابی به هدف فوق با استفاده از روش مرور نظام مند، از میان 400 پژوهش منتخب، 60 مقاله مورد بررسی عمیق و نظام مند قرار گرفتند. در نهایت نیز 4 حالت حاکمیت شرکتی نرم، سخت، مشارکت محور و کنترل محور که در سرمایه گذاری مشترک بین المللی امکان وقوع دارند و همچنین 8 عامل (مانند شرایط محیطی، منطق والدین، منابع تسهیمی، ریسک و...) که بر بودن یا نبودن حالت های مذکور تأثیر دارند، به همراه تبیین نحوه این اثرگذاری، شناسایی شدند.Corporate governance in international joint ventures
Aim and Introduction: Despite its high complexity, the strategy of forming international joint venture (as one of the main types of strategic alliances) is one of the strategies to be frequently used because of its numerous benefits. Corporate governance is also considered as one of the factors that lead to the successful implementation of this strategy. In spite of the importance of this key success factor which is corporate governance, the lack of a research which has been determined corporate governance different types and recognized the factors which have effect on them is considerable. Therefore, this article intends to first recognize various types of corporate governance in international joint ventures and then distinguish how the determined factors playing role. Methodology: The present research is conducted based on the systematic literature review method. For this purpose, the related literature was systematically reviewed over a period of one year (from September 2018 to September 2019). In the first step, while determining and specifying the subject of study, the research questions were developed in accordance with the research design. In the next step, the research protocol was designed and an appropriate mental model was designed accordingly. Subsequently, inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined. Accordingly, the comprehensive and systematic search began within the literature and 400 studies were considered. After classification, screening, and measurement of their quality (methodological assessment based on Caldwell's proposed method), 60 studies were finally examined in depth (through a detailed review of their abstracts, introduction, methodology, and results) and the required data were collected. Then, in the last step, the obtained data were classified, codified (using open coding method through Excel software) synthesized and finally summarized. Findings: Finally, recognition of 4 corporate governance types which are soft, rigid, control based and corporative based, 8 factors (such as environmental factors, risks, shared resources, parent’s logic and etc.) which have effect on determined types presence and the visual illustration of mentioned results, are the main findings of this article. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the diversity of detected factors, it can be concluded that formation of corporate governance in international joint ventures is a complex process and multi-dimensional concept which cannot be undermined and treated like other types of organizations.
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