درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: the transformation of marriage patterns and family formation by following transition from traditional society to a modern society causes changes in goals, function of family formation. The aim of this study was comparative investigation of the attitudes of single and married individuals about marriage function. Materials and method: the study performed by qualitative method. The statistical society included all married and single men and women in Tehran city. Sample size was 55 single and 57 married men. 66 single and 60 married women. They were selected using purposeful and available sampling method. First, the statistical analysis performed through content analysis of the subject’s response to an open question as "What is the function of marriage” and after categorizing the responses by several psychologists, using the chi-square test was evaluated agreement between comments of married and single people. Findings: the response of subjects classified in six categories of physiological (physical), psychological, social, economic, religious and spiritual functions and comparison of groups showed significant differences in these categories. There was consistent between single and married people's comments about physiological function of marriage. Disagreement seen with regard to psychological, social and economic function. The married groups more than the single groups had investigated spiritual and religious category. Discussion: despite consistent and discrepancies resulting from the change in people's views about marriage function; as individuals consider functions and benefits for marriage, indicating the place and value of marriage in today's society and in consultations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of Diamond-Levitt and knowledge management, organizational effectiveness, in PNU Kermanshah province. The study was a descriptive - survey. The population of the study, 470 employees of Payame Noor University in Kermanshah province, are included. Using Cochran formula, 212 people were selected. Materials and method: Data collection tools, questionnaires Diamond Levitt, and knowledge management researcher, and organizational effectiveness Parsons (1969). Questionnaire, approved three professors, and reliability with Cronbach's alpha for diamonds Levitt, knowledge management and organizational effectiveness, respectively (86%, 82% and 77%) are. Findings: By SPSS and LISREL, research data were analyzed. The results of the analysis and stepwise linear regression, 95% indicated that the diamond Levitt knowledge management variables (0.226), and organizational effectiveness (0.227) and knowledge management and organizational effectiveness (0.178), have a significant positive effect. The results of the study showed that, in effect Diamond Levitt knowledge management, organizational effectiveness as a mediator (0.263) is. Discussion: Also in this study to test the conceptual model, structural equation modeling was used, the results of direct effects diamond variable Levitt, knowledge management, (0.87) and organizational effectiveness (0.66), and the direct effect of knowledge management on organizational effectiveness (0.52), and the indirect effect and the effect of variable diamond-Levitt, organizational effectiveness, respectively (0.69) and (0.11) is indicated and the t-statistic is also witness to the significance of the results is. Finally, the mediating role of knowledge management, the relationship between the Diamond-Levitt, and was supported organizational effectiveness, so that the diamond Levitt indirect impact on organizational effectiveness, with the role of knowledge management (indirect effect = 0.69), Levitt diamonds larger than the direct impact on organizational effectiveness (direct effect = 0.66) is. The above results indicate fit (RMSEA = 0.072 and GFI=0.93) was the optimal model.