درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to explain the impact of organizational citizenship behavior on organizational agility Customs staff of Zahedan city, the present study in terms of purpose is functional and in terms of collection method of data is descriptive survey based on correlation method. Materials & Methods: The statistical societies of this study are all employees of Zahedan customs surveillance area in 1395 that the number of them is 200 people. 131 people were selected as sample to determine the sample size using Morgan table, sampling method is simple random method. Padsakf Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire (2000) and organizational agility questionnaire of Sharif and Zhang (2008) was used to collect data to test hypotheses. Findings: Results of step by step regression shows that, work ethic, courtesy and chivalry as the component of organizational citizenship can significantly predict organizational agility. Work ethic explains higher prediction for organizational agility. After that Courtesy and chivalry had the higher prediction respectively. Discussion: improving organizational citizenship through work ethic of organization’s personnel can strengthen the organizations goal and agility. At the second level courtesy and chivalry can be considered on the part of managers for achieving more agility in organizations.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify and explain dimensions, components and indices of human resource development in Sama organization. Methodology: The study method was applied in terms of purpose, mixed (quantitative-qualitative) exploratory in terms of data type, and descriptive-correlational survey in terms of data collection time. The statistical population in the qualitative part included the academic experts and officials from the Sama organization (chairmen and assistants, human resources department, human resources experts, assistants in the units, human resource officials in the units), among them, 15 people was selected as the sample size using judgmental sampling method based on the theoretical saturation principle. The statistical population in the quantitative part included all staff of Sama organization, whose number was 2898 (2223 permanent employees and 675 temporary employees). Out of this number, 391 persons were selected as the sample size using multistage random cluster sampling method. Findings: In this research, the data obtained from the qualitative part were analyzed through content analysis, and the collected data in the quantitative part, according to the research questions, were analyzed through descriptive (mean, standard deviation, tables, etc.) and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis and one-sample T test) using Spss and Lisrel software. Conclusion: The results showed that empowerment, job performance and improvement are the elements of human resource development in Sama organization. Also, given to the proposed mechanisms, facilitators and barriers, a model with appropriate fit was designed

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of leadership style on innovation according to the mediating role of commitment and organizational climate. Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of the Tax Administration of Iran. Using Cochran formula and stepwise cluster random sampling, 752 individuals were considered as the sample size. Data were collected using standardized and transformational leadership questionnaires by Bass & Avilio (2000); organizational commitment by Meyer & Allen (1997); Holpin & Croft (2000); After collecting the questionnaires, the data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, percent, frequency and table using SPSS software and statistical inference was made by structural equation modeling using lisrel software. Path coefficients and software significant coefficients were used to investigate the research hypotheses. Findings: The results showed that the degree of fit of the proposed model was appropriate according to the research components; transformational leadership on innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment was 0.90, transformational leadership on innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment. 0.82, pragmatic leadership influenced innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment 0.99, also pragmatic leadership influenced innovation with mediator role 0.71. Conclusion: Managers can increase employees' organizational commitment by adopting transformational leadership style or a combination of transformational and pragmatic leadership style rather than pragmatic style.

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of wisdom and socio-economic status of the family through the mediation of academic self-concept on academic vitality. Methodology: The purpose of the research was applied and the research method was descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of research included all female high school students in district 2 of Tehran in 2018 with a total of 1200 people, 300 people According to Kerjeci- Morgan table were selected by multistage random sampling. The study tools were included Wisdom Measurement by Schmitt et al., (2012); Socio-Economic Status Inventory by Ghodratnama et al., (2013); School Self-Concept Inventory by Chen & Thompson (2003) and Educational Vitality Questionnaire by Dehghani Zadeh et al., (2013). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and Amos software. Findings: The results of the present study showed that wisdom has a positive and significant effect on self-concept (P=0.001). Wisdom has a positive and significant effect on academic vitality (P=0.001). Socio-economic status has no direct effect on self-concept (P=0.208). Socio-economic status has no direct effect on academic vitality (P=0.358). Self-concept has a positive and significant effect on academic vitality (P=0.001). Wisdom has an indirect and significant effect on academic vitality through the mediation of academic self-concept (P=0.001). Socio-economic status has no indirect effect on academic vitality in a positive and significant way with the mediation of academic self-concept (P=0.208) Conclusion: Wisdom in turn directly and indirectly through the mediation of self-concept affects the students' academic vitality.

Purpose: Considering the importance of job motivation in educational jobs, the present study was conducted to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of teachers' job motivation questionnaire. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of implementation method. The study population was elementary school teachers in Tehran in 2019-20, which the sample size was estimated 400 people based on Cochran's formula and were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected by a researcher-made job motivation questionnaire (49 items) and analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS-22 and AMOS-24 software. Findings: The results showed that teachers' job motivation had 2 factors and 9 components; so that the external factor of job motivation includes four components of school environment, payroll system, leadership style / managerial support and performance appraisal and reward and the internal factor of job motivation includes five components of in-service training, work and cognitive interests, effective communication, perfectionist thoughts and selection and the factor loading of both factors and all nine components were significant at the confidence level of 0.99. Also, the content validity of the instrument was confirmed by experts and the convergent validity of the instrument was confirmed by the correlation coefficient of the score of each factor or component with the total score of the instrument. In addition, Cronbach's alpha reliability for the whole instrument was 0.92, external factor of job motivation 0.85, internal factor of job motivation 0.89 and components of school environment 0.75, payroll system 0.66, leadership style / managerial support 0.91, performance appraisal and reward 0.65, in-service training 0.82, work and cognitive interests 0.90, effective communication style 0.81, perfectionist thoughts 0.83 and selection was 0.71. Conclusion: Teachers' job motivation questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument. As a result, specialists and planners of the education system can use it to review and evaluate the current situation of teachers' job motivation and provide solutions to strengthen their job motivation.

Purpose: The main purpose of the present study was to gain a deeper insight into the common psychological consequences and experiences of girls with free marital relationships. Method: The nature of the present issue was "qualitative" in terms of research time, measured in "quantities" research, and in terms of type, "descriptive phenomenology." Participants in the study included 12 girls with free marital relationships in Tehran who were selected by purposeful snowball sampling method. In this study, data collection was done through semi structured Interview (in-depth phenomenological interview). Data analysis was performed according to the Colaizzi approach (seven steps). Then, the main themes were extracted. The research findings were presented in two parts: descriptive and analytical findings. Findings: The results of the research by employing grounded theory and content analysis showed that the common psychological areas led to the formation of free relationships among the girls, consisting of three main categories include psychological, conscious, and non-conscious factors. Their shared psychological experiences consisted of three main categories of emotional, affective, emotional, emotional and emotional experiences. Conclusion: the common psychological consequences of the associations included the three main categories of short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes.

Purpose: In today’s world learning a second language, especially English, has become vital for success, both academically and professionally. Yet, learners’ characteristics like affective features and linguistic background may impact either the ultimate level of achievement. Methodology: This study was carried out to determine whether there is a difference in test anxiety, attitude, integrative and instrumental motivation of the monolingual and bilingual university students in English. To this end, 227 questionnaires obtained from freshman university students majoring in various fields from 125 bilingual students at the University of Payame Noor and Islamic Azad University of Meshkin Shahr and 125 monolingual students at the Payame Noor University of Qazvin in Iran. Three Independent t-tests were run to compare these two groups’ attitude, instrumental and integrative motivations and test anxiety. Findings: The findings revealed that the bilingual students had a significantly more positive attitude and showed a significantly higher integrative motivation towards learning English. However, no significant difference was observed among the two groups regarding their instrumental motivation and test anxiety. Discussion: Pedagogical implications of the study will be discussed. The bilingual students possess a higher level of motivation towards learning English language than do the monolingual students.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Fernald’s multisensory training and computer game training on dyslexia in primary school students with learning disabilities in Ahvaz. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and in an experimental framework (pre-test-post-test design with control group). The statistical population in the present study consisted of all elementary students with learning disabilities in the first and second grade of elementary learning centers in Ahvaz in 2019. The sample consisted of 45 students with learning disabilities in the first and second grade of elementary school. The research instrument included Wexler (1945) dyslexia questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and multivariate covariance of Manqua and ANCOA. Findings: The results of data analysis showed that Fernald’s multisensory training reduced dyslexia in elementary students with learning disabilities in the experimental group (1) compared to the control group and training in the use of computer games reduced the dyslexia in elementary students with learning disabilities in the experimental group (2). In comparison with the control group, it was found that there is a difference between the effectiveness of Fernald’ multisensory training and computer game training on dyslexia of elementary students with learning disabilities and Fernald’s multisensory training compared to computer game training in elementary students with dyslexia. Learning disabilities were more effective. Conclusion: As a result, it can be said that Fernald’s multisensory training methods and computer game training reduce the dyslexia of elementary students with learning disabilities and Fernald’s multisensory training is a more effective method to reduce the dyslexia anger of elementary students with learning disabilities