مطالب

Introduction: In organizational studies in the field of sports, the performance of a football team can be examined in three parts according to its goals: sports performance, social performance and economic performance. Several factors are effective in each of these functions. The aim of the present study is to examine the ethical, social and legal factors - management affecting the performance of Iraqi football clubs. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted qualitatively and using grounded theory. The research population was sports management professors, experts and athletes, from whom 30 people were selected as samples using purposive sampling. The instrument was an interview. Data analysis was performed using the coding method and NVIVO software was used. Results: The results showed that the categories included 14 concepts that were obtained through an approximate combination of 67 primary concepts or free coding. Based on this, a conceptual design of the research was formed in which 4 managerial, legal, ethical and social factors were proposed as causal factors. Conclusion: The results of the research showed that 4 main factors affect the performance of Iraqi football clubs: In the area of ​​managerial factors affecting club performance, managerial stability is an important issue. In the legal area, complete awareness of specialized issues of sports law and compliance with domestic and international legal regulations in sports contracts is important. In the ethical area, moral education and meritocracy and the club's ethical culture are of great importance. In the social area, issues such as social responsibility, support from spectators and fans, and social awareness are important.

Introduction: Social responsibility as an ethical framework commits a person, whether an individual or an organization, to participate in social affairs, the implementation of which will benefit society at large. Given the importance of this component, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social irresponsibility and deviant behavior in the workplace with regard to the mediating role of moral anger in employees of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: The research method is of an applied type based on the purpose and is descriptive-survey in nature. The statistical population of this study is 141 employees of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, which was selected as a sample due to the small size of the target population. The data collection tools were questionnaires on social irresponsibility, deviant behavior, and moral anger. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling method with partial least squares approach) in SPSS and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the findings showed that social irresponsibility has a positive and significant effect on moral anger, moral anger has a significant and positive effect on deviant behavior, social irresponsibility has a significant and positive effect on deviant behavior, and social irresponsibility has a significant and positive effect on deviant behavior, considering the mediating role of moral anger. Conclusion: The complex relationships between the research variables indicate that the higher the anger and moral deviance in individuals, the greater the likelihood of aggressive behavior and social irresponsibility.

In recent decades, the importance of applying cultural dimension into language pedagogy has received extensive emphasis worldwide. The problem arises when EFL teachers are afraid of referring to cultural notions in their classes just because it seems that they lack sufficient cultural knowledge of the target language. This research study intended to inspect Iranian EFL teachers’ intercultural awareness by evaluating their opinions about the importance of cultural teaching. Sercu et al. (2005) adopted questionnaire was used to gather the anticipated data. The participants were comprised of 102 teachers who were provided with questionnaires in person using hard copies. An interview was conducted as well with participants in order to explore the difficulties they encounter in the way of teaching culture. the collected data were analyzed via statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. Content analysis was used for analyzing the qualitative data gathered from interview. The results showed that Iranian EFL teachers have favorable opinions about intercultural learning. They were unwilling to implement the intercultural approach to their teaching method because of time constraints, lack of suitable materials, and guidelines. Several implications are emergent from the findings including suggestions for educational policy-makers, material designers, language institutes, and teacher training programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of using digital scientific resources and virtual education using augmented reality technology in the educational program of professors and doctoral students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Method: This research is descriptive-survey but is applied in terms of type and purpose. The statistical population of this research is all professors who teach in the doctoral program and doctoral students in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Sampling method in this research is stratified random sampling. The sample size was 333 using Cochran's formula. Data collection tool, researcher-made questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire were calculated by experienced professors and experts. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were calculated using Cronbach's alpha test of 0.86. The collected data were first stored in the database and then by transferring this data to SPSS and EXCEL 23 software, the field of analysis of this data and their results was provided. Findings: The findings showed the possibility of using virtual educational resources and digital scientific resources, as well as the possibility of using augmented reality technology in educational and scientific research programs at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. There is a significant difference between the views of professors and doctoral students in the use of virtual educational resources and digital scientific resources in the educational and research programs of professors and doctoral students, while there is no significant difference between their views on the use of augmented reality technology. Conclusion: One of the most important reasons for the need to organize e-learning centers and institutions is the growing demand for education, especially higher education in the country, which has become a special social issue due to limited resources and educational capacity in the current education system. Ease of access and use of digital scientific resources and better understanding and mental creativity with the use of new technologies, including augmented reality, has necessitated the use and application of this technology in the educational programs of scientific and academic centers. Have a long-term and codified plan with instructions and rules related to augmented reality technology. Provide adequate funding, create hardware and software infrastructure, motivate, desire, sufficient expertise and empower the ability of faculty and students to use augmented reality technology.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the architectural index elements in local and Jame Mosques. “Mosque” is an allusion to a place of worship, which should be able to induce a sense of worship in its audience. The forms and roles in the building are the shapes that are influenced by the content and affect the human sensory perception and are directly related to people's beliefs and religion. Therefore, the main issue in its design is the suitability of the architecture of the mosques with their dignity and functional content. When Islam emerged, there was no idea of the principles of building a mosque and the only pattern was the Prophet's house. Iranian architectural styles have changed and evolved during different periods of history, in accordance with governments, religions and beliefs, and with the arrival of Islam, the Iranian architectural style underwent many changes. In general, several prominent elements are used in the architecture of the mosque: the courtyard, the porch, the shrine, the mihrab, the dome and the minaret. However, some mosques lack elements or some have several elements of the same element. So, in this research, by examining the historical (local and Jame) mosques of Zanjan, their architectural index elements which are unknown aspects of this research, as well as to determine the factors influencing the design of these mosques that take the ambiguous dimension of the research, it was revealed through library studies and the descriptive/analytical method of existing documents and research.

Background: Despite advancements in environmental policies and education, many individuals remain disconnected from nature, leading to ecological neglect and unsustainable behaviors. Aims: This study explores the institutionalization of environmental intelligence in education, emphasizing an Iranian perspective within the context of globalization. It argues for an educational paradigm that integrates traditional ecological wisdom with contemporary learning models, fostering a holistic, experiential, and culturally grounded approach. Methodology: Using literature synthesis and philosophical interpretation, this research draws on the spiritual and ethical teachings of Attar and Rumi alongside modern educational theories, including experiential, interdisciplinary, and quantum education. Discussion: The study examines how globalization and urbanization have reshaped traditional environmental perceptions, particularly in Iranian culture, where mountains once held deep ecological and cultural significance but have become overlooked in modern urban life. Additionally, it investigates the role of global communication and virtual education in shaping environmental consciousness. Rather than proposing a replacement for existing environmental education, this study introduces a complementary framework that blends Iranian philosophical heritage, contemporary pedagogy, and digital learning. By fostering spiritual, ethical, and ecological awareness, this paradigm encourages a collective, participatory approach to sustainability. Conclusions: It envisions an education system where cultural wisdom and modern innovation work together to cultivate deep, empathetic connections between people and the environment.

Introduction: Computer technology and cyberspace have become an inseparable part of human life today and have affected all aspects of individual and social life. Today, the use of various psychological techniques in the design of products and services based on computer technology is being pursued seriously to gradually and unconsciously influence the behavior and mind of users, and frameworks have been developed in this direction to achieve this goal. This method of developing and designing technical artifacts based on computer technology will entail significant ethical considerations that require in-depth examination and analysis, which is addressed in the present article. Material and Methods: The method of this research is a philosophical analysis based on the use of common theories of moral philosophy and philosophy of technology. Conclusion: The unconscious influence on behavior using computer technology can be criticized from both the perspective of deontology and virtue-based moral perspectives. Even when the purpose of this influence is positive, the damage that is done to the user's autonomy makes these technologies morally reprehensible. In addition, the artifacts produced in this way are not value-neutral and are value-laden. Considering the inclusion of computer technology-based products and services in people's lives and the extent of the use of techniques for influencing behavior, it is necessary to take measures to combat the morally harmful effects of such artifacts. Improving the general literacy of users and also policy-making and regulation in the production of such products are suggested in this regard.