تحلیل و تفسیر نظام مند نوسازی استراتژیک (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در این عصر با پیشرفت های سریع فناورانه و پویایی بازار، «نوسازی استراتژیک» در قالب حوزه مطالعه محوری در مدیریت کسب وکار ظهور کرده است. با نوسازی استراتژیک، سازمان ها به طور اساسی استراتژی، ساختارها و عملیات خود را برای حفظ رقابت و ارتباط در یک محیط در حال تغییر پیکربندی مجدد می کنند. این تحقیق به مجموعه گسترده ای از مبانی نظری پیرامون نوسازی استراتژیک با هدف ترسیم تکامل آن، درک اجزای اصلی آن و ترکیب یافته های کلیدی که حوزه را شکل داده اند، می پردازد. اهمیت نوسازی استراتژیک با افزایش نوسانات و عدم اطمینان در بازارهای جهانی بیشتر می شود. سازمان ها، خواه شرکت های چندملیتی بزرگ و خواه شرکت های کوچک، در موقعیت هایی قرار می گیرند که استراتژی ها و مدل های تجاری سنتی یک شبه منسوخ می شوند. توانایی درگیر شدن در نوسازی استراتژیک به سازمان ها اجازه می دهد تا با چرخش و انطباق، از فرصت های جدید استفاده کنند و خطرات مرتبط با اختلالات فناوری و فشارهای رقابتی را کاهش دهند. این مطالعه با شناخت فزاینده نوسازی استراتژیک نه تنها همچون یک اقدام انفعالی، بلکه به عنوان یک رویکرد فعالانه برای رشد و پایداری سازمانی انجام شده است. هدف این تحقیق ادغام رشته های متفاوت از نظر مبانی نظری با استفاده از یک رویکرد کتاب سنجی است که با مرور نظام مند متون تکمیل می شود. با انجام این کار، شناسایی تأثیرگذارترین مطالعات، مضامین غالب آنها و شکاف هایی دنبال شده که ممکن است در درک فعلی از نوسازی استراتژیک وجود داشته باشد. این رویکرد نه تنها به تثبیت دانش موجود کمک می کند، بلکه به برجسته کردن تحول این مفهوم در چهار دهه گذشته نیز کمک می کند. علاوه بر این، روشی ساختاریافته را برای ارزیابی تأثیر نوسازی استراتژیک بر عملکرد سازمانی و مکانیسم هایی که از طریق آن بر مزیت رقابتی تأثیر می گذارد، ارائه می دهد. این پژوهش ترکیب مبانی نظری موضوع نوسازی استراتژیک با شناسایی ابعاد کلیدی تحقیقات موجود و ارتباطات بین حوزه های تحقیقاتی پراکنده را با رویکرد کتاب سنجی بررسی می کند. این مطالعه از مرور مبانی نظری نظام مند برای شناسایی سطح سازگاری و تعمیم پذیری یافته های پژوهش در مطالعات موجود به روشی جامع و از رویکرد کتاب سنجی برای توصیف داده های موجود و هم رخدادی آن ها استفاده می کند. یافته ها، شش موضوع اصلی نوسازی استراتژیک را در مبانی نظری موجود شناسایی می کند: 1) سوابق، 2) شروع، 3) منطق، 4) ساختار، 5) فرآیند و 6) نتایج نوسازی استراتژیک و در انتها، ارتباطات بین حوزه تحقیق پراکنده را تحلیل و چارچوب مفهومی از نوسازی استراتژیک ارائه می شود.Systematic analysis and interpretation of strategic renewal
Introduction In an era marked by rapid technological advancements and shifting market dynamics, the concept of strategic renewal has emerged as a pivotal area of study within the field of business management. Strategic renewal refers to the transformative processes through which organizations fundamentally reconfigure their strategies, structures, and operations to maintain competitiveness and relevance in a changing environment. This research delves into the extensive body of literature surrounding strategic renewal, aiming to map its evolution, understand its core components, and synthesize key findings that have shaped the domain. The importance of strategic renewal is underscored by the increasing volatility and uncertainty in global markets. Organizations, whether large multinationals or small enterprises, find themselves in situations where traditional strategies and business models become obsolete overnight. The ability to engage in strategic renewal allows organizations to pivot and adapt, harnessing new opportunities and mitigating risks associated with technological disruption and competitive pressures. This study is prompted by the growing recognition of strategic renewal as not just a reactionary measure but a proactive approach to organizational growth and sustainability. Strategic renewal has been extensively studied since the early 1980s, with scholars like Burgelman (1983) and Tushman and O’Reilly (1996) pioneering the initial frameworks that discussed how organizations could alter their strategic paths to better align with their external environments. The academic interest in strategic renewal has grown significantly, leading to diverse perspectives on how it can be initiated and sustained. These studies have explored various facets of strategic renewal, including its antecedents, processes, and outcomes. However, despite the rich array of research, the literature remains fragmented, with different studies offering varying definitions, theoretical approaches, and empirical findings. This research aims to integrate these disparate strands of literature using a bibliometric approach complemented by a systematic literature review. By doing so, we seek to identify the most influential studies, the predominant themes they explore, and the gaps that might exist in the current understanding of strategic renewal. This approach not only helps in consolidating the existing knowledge but also in highlighting the evolution of the concept over the past four decades. Additionally, it provides a structured way to assess the impact of strategic renewal on organizational performance and the mechanisms through which it affects competitive advantage. This introduction sets the stage for a comprehensive review of the strategic renewal literature. It outlines the significance of strategic renewal in contemporary business practice and establishes the methodological foundation for the subsequent analysis. As we proceed, we will explore the key dimensions of strategic renewal, examining the antecedents that trigger the need for renewal, the processes through which it is implemented, and the outcomes it aims to achieve. Through this exploration, the study aims to offer both theoretical insights and practical guidance for organizations seeking to navigate the complexities of strategic change in an increasingly unpredictable business landscape. Methodology Our methodology integrates a systematic literature review with a bibliometric analysis to offer a comprehensive overview of the strategic renewal field. We scrutinize scholarly articles to assess their thematic focus, research methods, and theoretical underpinnings, establishing a coherent narrative that links scattered research efforts. Results and Discussion The findings reveal six core themes central to strategic renewal: antecedents, initiation, rationale, structure, process, and outcomes. Each theme encapsulates significant insights into how strategic renewal is initiated and sustained, highlighting the importance of both internal capabilities and external pressures in shaping strategic trajectories. Antecedents: Examining the precursors that necessitate or facilitate strategic renewal, including technological disruptions, market dynamics, and organizational inertia. Initiation: Discussing the triggers and initial steps organizations undertake when embarking on strategic renewal. Rationale: Analysing the strategic reasoning behind renewal efforts, including competitive positioning and resource re-alignment. Structure: Exploring changes in organizational structures that support or result from strategic renewal. Process: Delving into the methodologies and practices that guide the implementation of strategic renewal initiatives. Outcomes: Assessing the impacts and long-term effects of strategic renewal on organizational performance and competitive advantage. Research Limitations/Implications: While this review constructs a detailed conceptual framework of strategic renewal, it acknowledges the complexity of integrating diverse research streams. The need for empirical research to test the proposed relationships and constructs is evident. Conclusion This research embarked on an extensive exploration of the strategic renewal literature, employing a bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review to illuminate the contours and dynamics of this vital field. Throughout this study, the interconnections among various themes of strategic renewal have been highlighted, and a framework synthesizing these themes into a coherent narrative has been proposed. The findings reveal that strategic renewal is not just a response mechanism to external shocks but a proactive strategic orientation that organizations adopt to ensure long-term survival and competitive advantage. Our analysis identified six principal themes that encapsulate the essence of strategic renewal: antecedents, initiation, rationale, structure, process, and outcomes. These themes collectively describe the comprehensive nature of strategic renewal, emphasizing the complexity and multi-dimensional aspects of managing change within an organization. Antecedents such as technological disruptions, competitive pressures, and internal organizational dynamics set the stage for strategic renewal initiatives. The initiation of these efforts is often triggered by a realization of misalignment between an organization’s strategy and its external environment or by a visionary leadership aiming to preemptively reshape the organization’s trajectory. The rationale behind strategic renewal efforts was found to be rooted in the desire to enhance organizational capabilities and realign business practices with market and technological trends. This study highlighted the critical role of adaptive structures that facilitate the implementation of renewal strategies, supporting agile decision-making and fostering an innovative culture. The process of strategic renewal, characterized by iterative learning and continuous adaptation, requires robust mechanisms for integration and alignment within the organization’s operations and strategic objectives. The outcomes of strategic renewal, as discussed in the literature, vary widely but generally point towards enhanced organizational performance, sustained competitive advantage, and increased resilience to environmental volatilities. This study asserts that successful strategic renewal is predicated on an organization’s ability to effectively integrate and balance these outcomes with its long-term strategic goals. However, this research also identifies several gaps and areas for future inquiry. The literature is still evolving in terms of offering empirical evidence on the long-term impacts of strategic renewal. There is a notable need for more longitudinal studies that can trace the trajectories of strategic renewal efforts and their sustainability over time. Additionally, while this study has highlighted the importance of internal and external antecedents in initiating strategic renewal, further research could explore the specific conditions under which certain antecedents become more influential. This study contributes to the strategic management field by providing a synthesized overview of strategic renewal, highlighting its importance in the contemporary business environment, and offering a structured framework that can guide future research. For practitioners, the insights garnered from this research underscore the importance of fostering a culture that supports continuous learning and adaptation, which are crucial for strategic renewal. In conclusion, this research not only enriches the existing body of knowledge on strategic renewal but also sets the stage for ongoing academic inquiry and practical application. It calls for a balanced view that considers both the proactive and reactive dimensions of strategic renewal, advocating for strategies that are not only responsive to immediate challenges but also aligned with long-term organizational growth and adaptation. The dynamic nature of strategic renewal demands a blend of visionary leadership, robust strategic planning, and a culture that champions innovation and change, all of which are essential for organizations aiming to thrive in an ever-changing global landscape.
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