درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The spread of consumption in this day and age has gone so far that today it is considered an indicator of lifestyle and even some  find modern life without consumption meaningless and unthinkable. In this regard, since the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province has an increasing trend, so in this study, the communicative and social determinants and factors affecting the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province are investigated.Method: The research method is an applied type as regards purpose and has been carried out using a survey method.  The statistical population includes citizens over 15 in West Azerbaijan province, 674 of whom have been selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire and research variables are above 0.7, which indicates the acceptable reliability of the variables. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS and Lisrel software.Findings: The findings showed that the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and toiletry products is more than average among the respondents and the use of domestic media is less than average and the use of foreign and virtual media is above average. The results of explanatory analyses in the quantitative phase of the research showed  the variables of gender (in favor of women), socio-economic status (in a positive direction), rate of using internal media (in a negative direction), rate of using external media (in a positive direction), The use of virtual media (in a positive direction), health literacy (in a negative direction) and tendency towards differentiation (in a positive direction) have a significant impact on the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and toiletries. It is explained that the impact of foreign and virtual media is greater than other variables.Conclusion: As a result of lack of content management and inaccuracy in advertising in the virtual sector and social media, the possibility of emergence and escalation of social issues and all kinds of deviant trends related to consumerism in the field of cosmetics and toiletry products increases. Also, domestic mass media can be effective in reducing the consumption of cosmetics by not broadcasting commercial advertisements at intervals.

In this paper, first, the stochastic differential equations are introduced as well as the definition and basic theories about Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo and Sobel and Halton sequences are expressed. Indeed, we introduce and use simulations under these methods to compare the efficiency of the solutions, which the results show that the approximation of the resulting Sobel sequence is much better than other stochastic methods. The comparison of the efficiency of random and quasi-random methods, the geometric Brownian movement and the price index of Tehran stock (equal weight and weight-value) is studied. The results show that the quasi-Monte Carlo method is better than other methods.

The article justified the feasibility of an investment project by analysing the performance indicators while taking into account risk and uncertainty of the use of information technologies. The impact of the above calculations of the investment project results is due to the fact that the evaluation of the investment performance depends on the projected cash flows. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of risks on making investment decisions using information technologies in order to increase the financial security of enterprises. Methodological and practical aspects of risk modelling of the investment project were further developed, using the Monte Carlo method, which allows to construct a model by minimizing data, as well as to maximize the value of data used in the model. This model involves the use of probability theory and random number tables. The results show the distribution of probabilities of the successful project variable and the coefficient of variation of the performance indicator, allowing the investor to take uncertainty into account when making a decision.

Microfinance institutions in India provide a set of financial services to the economically weaker sections. Recently, a large number of microfinance institutions have emerged in India and they have favorable impact for poverty reduction. The impact of these institutions on entrepreneurship and society, needs to be explored in greater depth. The objective of this study is to apply machine learning techniques to explore this impact. The research uses a MIX dataset for three successive years, namely 2017, 2018, and 2019. This dataset comprises eight variables centered on gross loan portfolio. Principal Component Analysis (PCM) has been applied on the sample dataset for dimensionality reduction, resulting in two main components and each component consist of fraction from eight variables. Then, the sample dataset has been labelled with the help of clustering using K-means clustering technique. Further, classification models based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are applied to predict the appropriate category of entrepreneurship. The experiment result shows that the machine learning techniques have been found effective and useful tools for estimating the impact of microfinance on entrepreneurship in India.

INTRODUCTION: Women's empowerment has been introduced as a mechanism to improve the quality of women's work and personal life, one of the basic principles of protecting human rights and eradicating poverty. This study aimed to investigate the effect of social capital, social support, and Internet use on the empowerment of working women with a mediating role in socioeconomic status. METHODS: In this descriptive survey study, 4,000 women were studied working in the RCS of Tehran province, Iran. About 384 samples were selected due to Cochran's formula by a simple random method. The required data were collected using some questionnaires, namely the Social Capital (Hoff and Heisman, 2009), subjective assessment of the socioeconomic status (Nabavi et al., 2007), Social Support (Sherburne and Stewart, 1991), the researcher-made questionnaire of Internet Use and Women’s Empowerment. FINDINGS: The results showed that social capital, social support, and the use of the Internet had a direct impact on the empowerment of women, and socioeconomic status played a mediating role in the relationship between social capital and empowerment. It was also found that socioeconomic status played a mediating role in the relationship between social support and the empowerment of working women. CONCLUSION: According to the results, attention to the components of social capital, social support, and the use of the Internet and cyberspace provided the basis for the empowerment of working women, while in this process the key role of women's socioeconomic status should not be overlooked. However, managers' attention to strengthening organizational trust and women's participation in decision-making, providing conditions for good communication, training, and promoting women's media literacy, would increase the socioeconomic status proportionately and improve women's empowerment.