درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on dysfunctions in women suffering from premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Method: This quasi-experimental research used a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The population consisted of female dentistry students at the Islamic Azad University diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder in 2022. A sample of 30 women was selected through convenience sampling. The experimental group received metacognitive training over 12 sessions lasting 60 minutes each week, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were collected using the Weisman and Beck Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (1987) and analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA through SPSS software. Findings: Results indicated that metacognitive therapy was effective in reducing dysfunctions. The eta-squared statistic also suggested that approximately 24.3% of the reduction in dysfunctions was attributable to the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy. Conclusions: Metacognitive therapy can be deemed effective in treating dysfunctions in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder and can be used to alleviate psychological problems in these patients.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapy on sexual dysfunction and the quality of sexual life in women attending counseling and psychotherapy centers in Isfahan. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The population included all women in Isfahan province suffering from sexual dysfunction in 2023. Sixty individuals were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into three groups: twenty in the first experimental group, twenty in the second experimental group, and twenty in the control group. The first experimental group underwent emotion-focused psychological intervention based on the therapeutic protocol by Gilbert (2014) in fifteen 60-minute sessions, and the second experimental group received short-term psychodynamic psychological intervention based on the therapeutic protocol (Davanloo, 2013) in twelve 60-minute sessions held weekly, followed by a one-month follow-up. The control group was placed on a two-month waiting list for the most effective intervention. Data collection for analysis was conducted using the Rosen et al. (2000) Women's Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire and the Simonds et al. (2005) Women's Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using mixed ANOVA with SPSS version 25. Findings: The findings indicated that both treatments were effective in reducing sexual dysfunction in women (F = 73.08, p < .001) and improving the quality of sexual life (F = 18.02, p < .001). However, there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of the two therapeutic methods in reducing sexual dysfunction and increasing the quality of sexual life in women (p < .001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that both emotion-focused and short-term psychodynamic therapies are effective in reducing sexual dysfunction and improving the quality of sexual life in women. Both treatments can be used to reduce psychological issues in women attending counseling centers.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based group therapy on hope and happiness in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods: The research was applied and experimental in nature. The design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The population consisted of all women diagnosed with breast cancer in Borujerd city, from which 30 participants were selected through non-random convenient sampling using Snyder's Hope Scale (1991) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1990) based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group receiving acceptance and commitment therapy (each group consisting of 15 members) and the control group. The experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy, as described by Hayes et al. (2006), once a week, while the control group received no intervention. After the training period, the questionnaires were administered again in both groups at the post-test stage. Data analysis in this study was performed using analysis of covariance. Findings: The results showed that acceptance and commitment-based group therapy significantly improved hope (F = 62.66, p = 0.001) and happiness (F = 43.81, p = 0.001) in women with breast cancer. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment-based group therapy enhances hope and happiness in women with breast cancer; therefore, it can be used as an effective intervention method to foster and increase hope and happiness in these women.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Paradox Timetable Cure (PTC), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Matrix (ACTM), and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) on differentiation and emotional self-regulation in women experiencing marital conflicts. Methods: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The study sample consisted of 60 women with marital conflicts, selected through purposive sampling from an initial group of 154. The participants were randomly assigned to four groups: PTC, MACT, EFT, and a control group, each containing 15 members. The intervention included ten 90-minute sessions for each therapy group, while the control group received no treatment. Data were collected using the Differentiation of Self Inventory and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Findings: The results indicated significant improvements in differentiation and emotional self-regulation across all three therapeutic approaches compared to the control group. ACTM and EFT were found to be slightly more effective than PTC in enhancing differentiation and emotional self-regulation (MACT and EFT p = .000, PTC p = .004 in differentiation; ACTM and EFT p = .000, PTC p = .001 in emotional self-regulation). Conclusion: All three therapeutic approaches—PTC, MACT, and EFT—were effective in improving differentiation and emotional self-regulation in women with marital conflicts. However, ACTM and EFT demonstrated marginally higher effectiveness compared to PTC. These findings suggest the utility of these therapies in clinical settings for addressing marital conflicts.

 Objective: Studies have shown that neuroticism is one of the personality traits associated with negative psychological consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on reducing neuroticism.Methods: The current research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The research population was the patients referred to Shariati Hospital in Tehran in 2021, and 22 of them who had obtained a high score in the neuroticism subscale were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. Both groups completed the neuroticism subscale of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) in the pre-test and post-test phases. The experimental group was subjected to the schema therapy for 10 weekly sessions, but no intervention was performed on the experimental group during this period. The analysis of the collected data was done with analysis of covariance and SPSS-18 software.Results: The obtained findings showed that schema therapy was able to significantly reduce the level of neuroticism in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.001).Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy is effective in reducing neuroticism and can be used in treatment centers in this regard.

Methods: The present study was semi-independent in terms of its purpose, application, and research method. It utilized a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. Among the addicts referred to the Paris addiction treatment center in Tehran in 1400, 45 individuals were randomly selected through a lottery and assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group received 8 sessions of reality therapy combined with compassion-based therapy, while the second experimental group received 8 sessions of reality therapy alone. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection involved the use of Antonoski's Psychological Coherence Scale (1993) in its short form, Sanson et al.'s Self-Destruction Questionnaire (1998), and Smets et al.'s Fatigue Questionnaire (1996). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 software and repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The results of the research demonstrated that both compassion-based therapy and reality therapy significantly contributed to the improvement of psychological coherence, reduction of self-destruction behaviors, and alleviation of fatigue in substance abusers. In other words, individuals who participated in either compassion-based therapy or reality therapy experienced increased psychological coherence and decreased tendencies towards self-harm and fatigue. However, no significant difference was found between the two therapy groups in terms of their impact on the studied variables.