درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: Intimate partner violence represents a prevalent issue for women and is strongly correlated with mental health difficulties. Previous research has primarily concentrated on identifying factors that can anticipate intimate partner violence, specifically individual and interpersonal factors. This investigation examines the structural associations between autonomy and IPV among Iranian women who have encountered such violence, shedding illumination on the intricate factors contributing to IPV and potential avenues for intervention. Methods:  The research method is a correlation, and the structural equation modeling method was used to test the proposed model. The statistical population was all women referred to counseling clinics in Bandar Abbas City in 2023. Data were collected from a sample of 306 Iranian women who had undergone IPV via purposive sampling method, utilizing a domestic violence questionnaire (Mohseni Tabrizi et al., 2013), basic psychological need satisfaction scale (La Guardia et al., 2000), and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1979). Results: The findings corroborated the appropriate fit of the proposed model and disclosed that autonomy exerted noteworthy direct and indirect effects on IPV, which were mediated through self-esteem. Conclusion: The findings show that with the increase in women's autonomy, intimate partner violence decreases, and self-esteem plays a moderating role in the relationship between these two variables. These outcomes provide valuable novel insights into the intricate dynamics of IPV and hold promise for the development of targeted interventions aimed at preventing IPV and supporting the well-being of affected individuals.

 Objective: Digital Quotient (DQ) refers to a comprehensive set of digital competencies derived from universal ethical values that aim to enhance human interaction with, control, and create technology. The present study aimed to establish norms and examine the psychometric properties of the Digital Quotient Test in children and adolescents aged 8-18 in the Iranian community.Methods: This study's statistical population included students of the First and Second Elementary Schools and the First and Second Secondary Schools of Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021. A total of 521 students (277 girls and 244 boys) were examined using a convenience sampling method. To analyze the data obtained from the test, inferential statistics to determine construct validity, Pearson correlation matrix, and test-retest reliability using SPSS software version 26.Results: The results indicated that the construct validity of the Digital Quotient Test, using the internal consistency between its eight domains and the total score as evidence for this validity, was found to be appropriate (P < 0.05). Using the test-retest method with a coefficient of 0.872, the test reliability was estimated to be appropriate (P < 0.01).Conclusion: The Digital Quotient Test has appropriate validity and reliability in children and adolescents aged 8-18 years in Iranian community.

 Objective: This study aimed to predict emotional divorce among married female teachers in Darab City by analyzing family communication patterns and examining the mediation effect of marital burnout.Methods: Descriptive and correlational analyses were used. All married female instructors employed at the Darab primary schools during the academic year 2023-2024 were the study's population. The census technique was employed to estimate the sample, estimating the population of 176 individuals. The Revised Family Communication Patterns Scale (RFCP),  Couple Burnout Measure (CBM), and Gottmanns Emotional Divorce Scale (GEDS) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using structural equations (SEM) and Pearson's correlation test, and the findings were examined using Lisrel 9 and SPSS25 statistical software.Results: Marital boredom had a direct and significant association with emotional divorce, and it had an inverse and significant relationship with communication orientation and compliance orientation. There was a direct and significant correlation between emotional divorce and conformity orientation, and an inverse and significant correlation between emotional divorce and communication orientation. Marital boredom also acted as a mediator in the interaction between emotional divorce and family communication styles (p<0.05).Conclusion: Thus, it can be anticipated that as the family's conformance orientation increases, the rate of marital discontent will rise as well, and that as this variable rises, so too will the emotional divorce rate.

The present study was conducted to determine the impact of digital competence on entrepreneurial mindset and lifelong learning of sixth-grade female students in Mirjaveh city during 2022-2023 academic years. The research method was quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control groups. The statistical population consisted of all sixth-grade female students in Mirjaveh, and Meraj-2 Elementary School was randomly selected. The sample members included two classes of sixth grade, one assigned as the experimental group and the other as the control group. Students in the experimental group underwent 12 sessions, each lasting 45 minutes, under the supervision of the researcher to acquire digital competence skills. The data collection instruments included the Lifelong Learning Questionnaire (Li & Cheng, 2010) and the Entrepreneurial Mindset Questionnaire (Bahramzadeh et al., 2009). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-way and multivariate analysis of covariance). The results of the covariance analysis were examined for comparing the scores of entrepreneurial mindset, lifelong learning, and their components between the experimental and control groups in the posttest. The F value for each was significant at that indicating that the effect size of digital competence on entrepreneurial mindset and lifelong learning was significant. Furthermore, considering the higher mean scores of the experimental group students in the posttest, it was concluded that the digital competence has a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial mindset and lifelong learning of students.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the structural model of loneliness and marital commitment with an attitude toward extra-marital relationships, with the mediation of identity styles in married women and men. Methods: For the research design, we used correlation and structural equation modeling. Statistical population including all married women and men of Ramsar City, among whom 230 individuals were selected through convenience sampling and responded to the Loneliness Scale Russell et al., (1980), Marital Commitment Questionnaire Adams & Jones (1997), Extra-marital Relationships Attitudes Questionnaire Wheatley's, (2008), and Identity Styles Scale Berzonsky (1989). All data were analyzed using SPSS 26, AMOS 24, and Macro Preacher & Hayes' (2008) program. Results: The findings indicated that loneliness and diffuse-avoidant identity styles have a significant and positive effect on the attitude toward extra-marital relationships, while marital commitment and commitment identity style have a significant and negative effect on the attitude toward extra-marital relationships. Bootstrapping results showed that information identity style, diffuse-avoidant identity styles, and commitment identity style play a mediating role in the relationships between loneliness and the attitude toward extra-marital relationships. Marital commitment indirectly affects the attitude toward extra-marital relationships through information identity style and commitment identity style. Conclusion: The research findings, by confirming the influential role of loneliness, marital commitment, and identity styles on extra-marital relationships, provide appropriate implications for work in the field of extra-marital relationships for practitioners in the family domain.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy and resilience-based play therapy on anxiety, executive functioning behaviors, and emotional expression in children aged 6 to 8 years undergoing dental treatment. Methods: The current research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design, including a control group and a two-month follow-up period. All children aged 6 to 8 visiting specialty dental clinics in Isfahan during the first six months of 2021 constituted the research population. Forty-five children were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to three equal groups of fifteen. Data collection was carried out using the Revised Children's Anxiety Scale - Short Form (Ahlen et al., 2018), the Emotion Expression Questionnaire - Child Form (Penza-Clyve & Zeman, 2002), and the Executive Functioning Questionnaire (Gioia et al., 2000). Cognitive-behavioral play therapy sessions were conducted based on the protocol by Hall, Kaduson, and Schaefer (2002), and resilience-based play therapy sessions followed the protocol by Nikneshan et al. (2019), each lasting for eight weekly sessions of 60 minutes. However, the control group did not receive these interventions. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and mixed ANOVA with SPSS software, version 26. Findings: Results indicated that the mean scores of executive functioning behaviors and their dimensions significantly improved in the experimental groups at post-test compared to the control group, and these improvements remained stable at follow-up (p < 0.05). Moreover, therapeutic interventions (both cognitive-behavioral and resilience-based play therapy) significantly improved scores on anxiety and emotional expressiveness compared to the control group. Additionally, post hoc Bonferroni tests showed that cognitive-behavioral play therapy was more effective than resilience-based play therapy in reducing anxiety scores and increasing skills in emotional expression and executive functioning in children undergoing dental treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings further clarify the role of play therapy in children undergoing dental treatment and highlight the necessity of using therapeutic approaches derived from the cognitive-behavioral model to modulate symptoms in these children.