درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Type 2 diabetes is conceptualized as a complex interaction of psycho-physiological factors, so it is necessary to consider the factors against this chronic disease. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotional regulation training and autogenic training on the perceived anxiety control in women with type 2 diabetes. Using a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design, 33 women with type 2 diabetes were selected through purposive sampling from Tehran and randomly assigned in two experimental groups and one control group. Members of each experimental group received emotional regulation training and autogenic training in ten 90-minute sessions, separately. All respondents were asked to answer the items of demographic information and the Percieved Anxiety Control Questionnaire (ACQ) before and after interventions. To analyze data, MANOVA and Schefee post hoctest were used as statistical methods. The results of analysis showed that both interventions were effective in increasing the perceived anxiety control (p <0.05), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p> 0.05). Explaining the effectiveness of the interventions, it can be said that both trainings have been able to increase the perceived anxiety control through special techniques, hence using them along with medical treatments is recommended.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of group training through logotherapy on changing of self-esteem and intimacy attitudes and depression of physically disabled women. Method: The research was performed in semi-experimental method with two groups (logotherapy and control) with pre-test, post-test and follow up design. The statistical population was 68 people with physically disabilities under care of Kashan welfare center. From this population, 40 physically disabled women (20-40 years old) who had depression above 17 were selected randomly and were divided equally in each groups randomly (n=20). The research instruments were, intimacy attitude Treadwell (1983), Beck depression (1996) and Eysenck’s self esteem (1976) inventories. Before the first group training session, by using questionnaires in both groups, pre-test was conducted. Then 8 sessions of logotherapy, twice a week, each lasting 120 minutes, were administrated to test the group. For both groups, post-test (immediately after training sessions), and follow-up test (one month later) were taken. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that group training through logotherapy, significantly decreased depression (р ≤0.01), and significantly increased self-esteem and intimacy attitude (р ≤ 0.01) and the sustainability of this effects at follow-up. Conclusion: The study concluded that training logotherapy can effectively increase intimacy attitude and self-esteem and decrease depression in physically disabled women, and so it implies the importance of paying attention to spiritual training and applying them in welfare centers.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy on improving meta-cognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants has been done. Method: The design of this study is experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control group was followed by the follow-up phase. The statistical population of this study included all women who consumed stimulants from eighteen to forty years referring to the Hamgam sazan Addiction treatment Center in Tehran Province in 1396 among which thirty individuals were selected by convenience sampling method. Availability sampling was selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups of each 15 individuals. The 90-minute treatment session was trained by the mindfulness method. However, the control group received no training. (MCQ) in both pre-test and post-test stages were completed by both groups. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis and soft aided SPSS software was used for data analysis. After three months, both groups were followed up. Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of metacognitive post-test scores in the experimental and control groups. Mindfulness training has improved metacognition in preventing relapse in women who use stimulants. Conclusion: The findings of this study in general indicate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy training on improving metacognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants. Therefore, such sessions are recommended in drug addiction treatment centers and clinics.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine adolescent coronary anxiety in the relationship between character strengths and family social support. Method: The research method was correlation and the statistical population including 156 ninth and tenth grade students were selected by non-random sampling method (available) from District 4 of Tehran. Students responded to the Values in Action inventory of strength Scale of Park and Peterson (2006), Perceived Social Support- Family Scale of the Procidano & Heller (1983), and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale of Alipour, Ghadami, Alipour, and Abdollahzadeh (2020). Results: The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the predicting of corona mental anxiety is significant with the strengths of Judgement, love of learning, Honesty, Zest, kindness, teamwork, forgiveness and family social support. Predicting Corona physical anxiety, creativity, love of learning, Bravery, kindness, social intelligence, teamwork, humility, hope and spirituality are significant. Love for learning, Honesty, forgiveness, humility, hope, spirituality, and family social support are significant in predicting overall corona anxiety (P˂ 0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that character strengths and social support family have an effective role in reducing corona anxiety and can provide the necessary support for adolescents in stressful situations.

Abstract Objective: Health literacy is the capacity to get, process and realize basic information and services necessary to make proper decisions in the field of health. This study was conducted aimed at determining the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables of Yazd city citizens. Method: This study was a descriptive (cross-sectional) one the population included 385 people living in Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. After completing the questionnaires, the data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software, Pearson correlation coefficient and Chi-square test. Results: the results indicate that there is a significant relationship between health literacy and age, gender and marital status. The highest correlation coefficient was observed in the relationship between health literacy and age. Conclusion: Due to the effective demographic variables, it seems that demographic characteristics-based interventions should be designed and implemented in order to improve the health literacy of citizens.

Objective: The aim of present study was to predict perceived social support based on perceived stress mediated by cognitive emotion regulation in patients with ulcerative colitis. Methods: The method of study was correlational, structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of the present study included all patients with ulcerative colitis, referred to gastroenterology clinics in Districts 4 and 7 of Tehran in 2019. Among them, 261 people were selected through purposeful sampling method. The research tools included perceived social support scale (Zimet et al., 1998), perceives stress scale (Cohen et al., 1983), and cognitive emotion regulation scale (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2006). Results: The results revealed a negative relationship between perceived stress and perceived social support (β=-0.13, t=2.04) and negative relationship between perceived stress and cognitive emotion regulation (β=-0.21, t=2.96) in patients with ulcerative colitis. A positive relationship was also found between cognitive emotion regulation and perceived social support (β= 0.47, t=7.18) but cognitive emotion regulation had no mediating role between perceived stress and perceived social support in patients with ulcerative colitis (β= 0.09, p>0.05). Conclusions: Although there were direct relationships between perceived stress, perceived social support and cognitive emotion regulation but the results revealed no indirect relationship between perceived stress and perceived social support mediated by cognitive emotion regulation in patients with ulcerative colitis. Thus, paying attention to these variables helps researchers and therapists in design of appropriate therapy for Ulcerative Colitis patients.

Objective: This study investigates the different motives and substance use risk profile in opium and methamphetamine use. Method: The statistical sample includes Seventy-eight individuals with substance use history referred to drop-in center (DIC) that completed research instruments including demographic information (researcher-made questionnaire), substance use motives (Hecimovic, Barrett, Darredeau, and Stewart, 2014), and substance use risk profile scale (Woicik et al., 2009). Multivariate analysis of variance utilized for data analysis based on SPSS-24. Results: The results of the MANOVA indicated that availability, relaxation, enjoying, and sexual motives are significantly higher in individuals using methamphetamine. Also, the results of the substance use risk profile represent that there are significant differences in anxiety sensitivity, sensation-seeking, and impulsivity in opium and methamphetamine use. Conclusions: Findings indicate the important role of motives and substance use risk profile in the tendency to the different types of substances. These various motives and personality risk factors should be considered in educational settings and psychological treatment for different types of substance use, especially opiate or stimulating substances.

Objective: <span class="fontstyle2">The present study aimed to examine whether the treatment of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in adolescents via Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) improves their health-related quality of life. Method: <span class="fontstyle2">34 adolescents with IGD who were 12-17 years old were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 18) groups. The experimental group received ABM, while no interventions were delivered to the control group. Attentional bias, IGD severity, and health-related quality of life were assessed using Modified Stroop Task, Internet Gaming Disorder-20 (IGD-20), and KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaires, respectively. Data from pre-test, posttest, and two months follow-up measurements were analyzed using two-way mixed measures ANOVA and Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) via SPSS software. Results: <span class="fontstyle2">ABM successfully reduced attentional bias and IGD severity and improved health-related quality of life in adolescents of the experimental group (p < 0.05). These significant changes were observed at post-test and two months follow-up. Meanwhile, no significant change occurred in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: <span class="fontstyle2">It could be concluded that ABM not only reduces the severity of IGD in adolescents, but also improves their health-related quality of life, although further research is required for the understanding of its mechanisms of effects.

Objective: Obesity is one of the risk factors for various diseases as well as mortality and women suffer from it more than men. Therefore, this study was conducted to design and evaluate the effectiveness of bioenergy economy intervention on self-compassion, self-efficacy and weight loss in women with obesity. Methods: The method of the present study is a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control groups. The statistical population of the study included obese people referring to psychological counseling centers and nutrition clinics in Tehran in the spring and summer of 2019. Fifty obese women were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The Self-compassion scales of Neff and self-efficacy questionnaires of Scherer et al. were used to collect data. The weight and body mass index of participants were also calculated. Based on instructions of the bioenergy economy protocol of the American University of Medical Energy, a special training package for obesity was designed and the intervention group was trained with this protocol in 8 sessions of 120 minutes for 8 weeks. Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance by SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed the effectiveness of bioenergy economy on self-compassion and self-efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion: With this description, it can be claimed that effective interventions such as bioenergy economy can be used to increase the health and self-care of people with obesity to prevent the destructive effects of obesity and its complications.

Background: This study aimed to compare quality of working life and memory self-efficacy beliefs in people with different circadian rhythms and physical activity levels. Materials and methods: The study took a causal-comparative method. Subjects consisted of 149 fixed and rotating shift employees, working in health enters and hospitals that were participated based on inclusion criteria. The subjects completed demographic, international physical activity, quality of working life and memory self-efficacy questionnaires. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Result:The results show that the quality of working life and memory self-efficacy are different in fixed and rotating shift employees at three levels of high, medium and low physical activity. Employees with fixed shift and high and medium physical activity level have higher quality of working life and memory self-efficacy than other employees. Moreover, quality of work life of fixed shift employees with medium and low physical activity is better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low physical activity, and quality of working life of rotating shift employees with high physical activity levels were significantly better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low levels of physical activity (PConclusion: Choosing active lifestyle is recommended to fixed and rotating hospital employees in order to avoid reduction of quality of working life and memory self-efficacy.