مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Gender


۱.

The Interrelationship between Age and Education and the Usage of Shirazi Vocabulary Items(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال اول ۲۰۰۹ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Age Social Class

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۷۸ تعداد دانلود : ۶۴۰
The extensive research done on the interrelationship between different social factors such as social class، gender and age and different linguistic variables has shown that these factors have important effects on the way language is used. Among these factors a special importance can be placed on age due to the role it plays in revealing different patterns of language use، such as the age-grading pattern، the normal pattern of age differentiation and the important patterns of language change which can inform us about the emergence of a linguistic form or the death of some old form. This paper is intended to examine the interrelationship between age and the usage of Shirazi vocabulary or lexical items. Sixty respondents belonging to 6 age groups of Shirazi speakers answered a 60-item questionnaire. Each item included one Shirazi word with its definition and sometimes a short example to clarify its meaning. The respondents had to choose between two choices: either they used the item or they did not. The analysis of the results showed that age was an influencing factor on the speech of the speakers as the older people had a large collection of active Shirazi words (they actively used all the words) while the younger generation had two collections of more active and less active Shirazi words and as the age of the subjects increased their mean scores which represented their usage of Shirazi vocabulary items also increased. These words were also used less among the more educated Shirazi speakers.
۲.

Computer assisted reading (CAR) versus traditional print format in EFL academic reading comprehension(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: علوم تربیتی شهید چمران اهواز سال چهارم زمستان ۱۳۸۷ شماره ۴

کلیدواژه‌ها: language proficiency Gender Computer Assisted Reading Teacher’s role

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۸
In this study two modes of reading (CAR and Print reading mode) were compared with regard to their effectiveness for L2 reading comprehension. A group of 120 English major students were divided into three classes: CAR، Print reading، and Control. Based on the English proficiency scores each class was divided into two groups (high and low levels of proficiency). Three classes were taught by the same teacher and covered the same materials in their weekly four-hour reading lesson over one semester. From the three classes only CAR and Print reading groups received reading strategies instruction. This study also investigated the effect of gender and the role of teacher in CAR class. The data came from English proficiency test، reading comprehension test (pre-test)، questionnaire، reading comprehension test (posttest)، observation، and students’ emails. The results indicated that strategy instruction had an impact on reading comprehension. In other words، CAR and Print reading mode evoked better reading comprehension than the control group and CAR resulted in better performance when compared to the Print reading mode. Interestingly، EFL students with a higher proficiency level showed a significantly higher level of reading comprehension of the text when compared with those students with a lower proficiency level. Regarding the gender the findings indicated that gender played no significant role in CAR class. Finally، based on the observation and students’ emails the researcher concluded that the nature of the EFL teacher’s role changed in CAR class when compared with the print reading and traditional classes.
۳.

On the Use of Diary Study to Investigate Avoidance Strategy in Spoken English Courses(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان دوره ۲ سال ۲۰۱۰ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Avoidance Strategy Communication Strategies Diary Studies Self-assessment Journal Writing Qualitative Research

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۹۳ تعداد دانلود : ۵۶۵
In the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the frequency and motives of using avoidance strategies by a group of Iranian intermediate language learners through their own journal writing. The effect of gender on the use of avoidance strategies is to be investigated as well. Thirty nine female and twenty three male learners enrolled in an English language spoken course in a private English institute served as the subjects. They were to write freely about their reactions, questions, and their feelings on their endeavor to speak English at the end of each session. One questionnaire was also included to survey the learners overall learning preferences and motivation. Examination and the analysis of the learners’ diaries revealed that using avoidance strategies was due, in turn, to the lack of knowledge, effect of fellow students, stress, lack of confidence, the effect of the teacher, score, and fatigue. Analysis also revealed that females used strategies more frequently than male supporting a number of research done previously on the same area.
۴.

A Study of Answer Changing Behavior in MC Tests: The Effect of the Academic Course, Field of Study, Gender and Teachers’ Attitude(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال سوم ۲۰۱۱ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Answer Changing Academic Course Field of Study Iranian English Teachers

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۴۲ تعداد دانلود : ۴۵۶
This study investigated the answer changing behavior of the Iranian university students and its relationship to the academic course, gender, and field of study. 362 students at the University of Isfahan took part in the study. 76 English language teachers were also surveyed for their attitude toward answer changing on MC tests. The results indicated that 42.11% of the teachers had a negative attitude toward answer changing as they believed that the first answer selected is intuitively the best one and should not be changed. The results also indicated that answer changing would basically have positive effects on the total test scores. It was found that 63.09% of the answer changes were beneficial (from Wrong to Right choices). In contrast, 15.18% of the answer changes were negative (from Right to Wrong options), and 21.73% had no effect on the test scores (from Wrong to Wrong options). As for the effect of gender, no significant difference was found between males and females. Concerning the effect of academic course, the only significant difference lay in the number of Right to Wrong changes. Finally, it was found that field of study would make a difference only when Right to Wrong changes were considered.
۵.

Hedging as an Index of Gender Realization in Research Articles in Applied Linguistics(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال سوم ۲۰۱۱ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Research Articles Hedging Words

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۱۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴۶
Despite the importance of hedging in academic productions, its use in different disciplines and genres has been given little attention (Hyland, 1998; Crystal, 1995). More precisely, the role of different genders as contributors to this social phenomenon (i.e., research articles) has been taken as neutral, as if gender is inconsequential in identity construction. The studies done in English suggest that females’ language is proportionately more hedged. So hedging has been claimed to be a strategy that is used mostly by female writers than male writers. To examine the role of gender in text construction, we investigated the linguistic realizations of the identities reflected in male and female authors’ preferences for hedging words in the research articles in applied linguistics. To this end, 130 single-authored research articles written in the field of applied linguistics were examined. The results revealed significant differences between two sets of articles in using hedges. Statistical analysis revealed that female authors’ articles were significantly (i.e., p-value of 0.000) more hedged as compared with those of males. Furthermore, it is suggested that the hedging words that are used in these articles could be used as an index through which gender of the author is identified.
۶.

An Investigation into Reticence and Vocabulary Knowledge of Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال چهارم ۲۰۱۲ شماره ۱

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender EFL Learners Reticence Productive vocabulary knowledge

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۰۳۴ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳۴
A growing body of research has indicated that students of ESL/EFL are reticent and unwilling to be engaged in oral activities in English lessons. Communicative language ability includes speaking ability, so vocabulary knowledge plays an integral role in speaking a language. However, there have been few studies examining the degree to which vocabulary knowledge affects speaking ability. The present study aimed to explore the degree of reticence in Iranian EFL learners and to find out the roles that productive vocabulary knowledge and gender may play in their reticence. To accomplish this, 56 male and female English language learners participated in the study. Unwillingness-to-Communicate Scale and Vocabulary-Size Test of Controlled Productive Ability were used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-moment Correlation and an independent t-test were used. Results of the study revealed a relatively low level of reticence among Iranian EFL learners. However, it seems that learners mostly avoid communication rather than have a negative attitude toward class participation. In addition, it was found that the learners’ vocabulary knowledge had a significant relationship with their reticence; while, no significant difference was found between Iranian male and female learners in terms of reticence.
۷.

Refusal Speech Act Realization in Sarawani Balochi Dialect: A Case Study of Male University Students(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال چهارم ۲۰۱۲ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Refusal Power Type Number

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۷۱ تعداد دانلود : ۴۷۰
Following Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss-Weltz’s (1990) classification, this study examines the relationship between power and gender of the addressees and the type and number of refusal strategies employed by Sarawani Baloch male university students (SBMUS). Fifty SBMUS studying in Azad University of Sarawan were randomly chosen as the participants of the study. Data collection was accomplished through applying a revised version of DCT (Discourse Completion Test). The data collected were then coded and analyzed according to Beebe et al.'s (ibid.) taxonomy, and Chi-square and Correlation test results. The results show that refusal strategies extracted, are, for the most part, similar to those given in Beebe et al.’s work, which, in turn, confirms the universality of applying refusal strategies. However, SBMUS also employ some new strategies not predicted in the given scheme, suggesting the effect of their religion and culture. Research findings also denote the ineffectiveness of power and gender of the addressees on the type of refusal strategies employed by SBMUS. Moreover, results indicate that although power of the addressees affects number of refusal strategies used by the participants, their gender does not affect this variable. “Excuse, reason, explanation” dealing with all the addressees, the combination of 3 refusal strategies in reply to those in higher social power, and the combination of 2 strategies in response to those with equal and lower power are the most frequent refusal strategies regarding the type and number of refusal strategies.
۸.

The Significance of Education and Gender in Persian Word-selection(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال چهارم ۲۰۱۲ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Education Gender Word-Selection

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۴۳ تعداد دانلود : ۶۳۰
This study strives to investigate the importance of ‘education’ and ‘gender’, as two major sociolinguistic variables, in accepting or rejecting the words coined by the Iranian Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL). A total of 500 students from state universities in Tehran were chosen as subjects and provided with a questionnaire consisting of 50 APLL equivalents. The respondents’ acceptance of the first 25 words correlated with the extent to which these words are used in newspapers and magazines; however, the second 25 equivalents were treated differently. Close to half of the Undergraduates and Masters and only a little more than half of the PhD students accepted the equivalents. The results showed no significant relationship between education and the acceptance and rejection of the APLL words; however, there was a significant relationship between respondents’ parents’ education and the acceptance and rejection of the APLL words. Although, males tended to be slightly more accepting than females who were split 50:50, there was no significant relationship between gender and the acceptance and rejection of the APLL words. The respondents preferred words which had only a single equivalent.
۹.

A Critical Look into Iranian EFL University Students’ Critical Thinking and Argumentative Writing(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: زبان شناسی کاربردی دوره هفدهم بهار و تابستان ۱۳۹۳ شماره ۱

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Argumentative writing Critical thinking EFL university students

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۰۷۷ تعداد دانلود : ۶۰۰
Due to the potent role of critical thinking in learners’ academic success and its connection with factors conducive to learning such as argumentation ability, the present study seeks to primarily probe the correlation between Iranian EFL learners’ critical thinking ability and their argumentative writing achievement, and investigate the predictability of the students’ argumentative writing achievement based on their scores on critical thinking scale. Furthermore, the effect of gender on Iranian EFL learners’ argumentative writing achievement was investigated. In so doing, 'Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal' (2002) as well as an argumentative writing assignment was employed, and the participants of the study included 178 EFL learners in three universities in Mashhad, Iran. Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to analyze the data. The results substantiated the positive correlation between critical thinking ability and argumentative writing revealing that these two variables significantly and positively related to each other; among the predictors (subscales of the critical thinking) of argumentative writing, inference, assumptions, arguments were the stronger predictors. Finally, gender was not found to significantly affect Iranian EFL learners’ argumentative writing achievement. The conclusions and implications of this study are pointed out with reference to foreign language teaching context.
۱۰.

A Socio-linguistic Survey on Females’ Politeness Strategies in the Same Gender and in the Cross-Gender Relationship(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال پنجم ۲۰۱۳ شماره ۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Politeness Politeness Behaviors of Males and Females

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۴۴ تعداد دانلود : ۶۸۴
Politeness is a phenomenon which is common to all cultures. Each culture has a different perception of what is polite and each language has various devices for expressing politeness. One of the important aspects of politeness which is the central focus of many studies is the polite behaviors of men and women. The focus of this study is on the politeness strategies of males and females from different aspects. The central aim of this paper is to examine the impact of gender on the politeness strategies of the speakers to see whether females speak more politely to females than to males or not. Therefore, a questionnaire was designed based on Discourse Completion Test which is originally developed for comparing different speech act realization patterns. The questionnaire was distributed to 30 females and 30 males. The result indicated that generally women speak more politely to women than to men; however, males speak more politely to females than to males. Therefore, it can be concluded that the gender of the listener is an important factor on politeness behaviors of the speakers.
۱۱.

L2 Learners’ Use of Metadiscourse Markers in Online Discussion Forums استفاده زبان آموزان انگلیسی از نشانه های فراکلامی در جلسات بحث بر خط(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۱, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: جنسیت Discourse Markers Gender نشانه های کلامی فراکلام تعاملی نشانه های تعدیلی نشانه های تقویت کننده interactional metadiscourse interactive metadiscourse hedges boosters

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۵۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۷۱
This study aimed to investigate the use of interactional metadiscourse markers in 168 comments made by 28 university students of engineering via an educational forum held as part of a general English course. The students wrote their comments on six topics, with a total of 19,671 words. Their comments during educational discussions were analyzed to determine their use of five metadiscourse categories (hedges, boosters, attitude markers, engagement markers, and self-mentions), making up interactional metadiscourse in Hyland’s (2004) model. Following descriptive analysis of the use of metadiscourse categories, chi-square tests were used to investigate the possible differences in the whole sample as well as gender-based differences. The findings showed that although female EFL learners used more metadiscourse markers than males did, the differences were minor and hence gender did not significantly influence the use of interactional metadiscourse markers. However, while male and female participants used all types of interactional metadiscourse, how they used them varied. They used engagement markers and self-mentions more frequently than boosters, hedges, and attitude markers. Since metadiscourse markers play crucial roles in mediating the relationship between what writers intend to argue and their discourse communities, the results of the present study have obvious importance in increasing students’ awareness of the way they organize their writings.
۱۲.

Evaluating an Instructional Textbook: A Critical Discourse Perspective ارزیابی یک کتاب آموزشی از دیدگاه گفتمان انتقادی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۱, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۲

کلیدواژه‌ها: ارزیابی کتاب درسی evaluation Critical discourse analysis Gender Textbooks Social Actors تجزیه و تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی بازیگر اجتماعی کتاب summit Summit

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۹۱۱ تعداد دانلود : ۴۶۵
A critical discourse analysis (CDA) of English language teaching (ELT) textbooks can provide a theoretical description of existing ideological effects in the texts and a means to link linguistic and social practices. This study, thus, seeks to evaluate Summit 2B (i.e., the advanced book of Top Notch series) with a focus on the representation of male and female social actors. In so doing, this study drew on van Leeuwen’s (1996) social actor framework and Halliday’s (2004) transitivity model. To achieve the purpose of this study, content analysis was first carried out in the corpora obtained from the aforementioned textbook to find out the frequency and proportion of various social actors. The results obtained from the tests of significance (i.e., chi-square tests) and the qualitative data analyses revealed that there were some significant differences between males and females concerning role allocation (i.e., activation, subjection, and beneficialization), substitution (personalization/impersonalizaton), and personal pronouns. Compared with females, males were represented as more active, energetic, independent, and assertive forces; males were represented more frequently and placed in high-status positions; they were also individualized more frequently. The results indicated that though females and males were almost equally informalized and indetermined, there was not much serious attempt to eliminate the gender bias in Summit, used as a substitute for other ELT textbooks used in private language institutes in Iran. The findings suggest that textbook writers and publishers should be more cautious about the gender discourse, along with other criteria making ELT textbooks work, because gender bias can affect language learners’ perception and preference for the choice of language in second or foreign (L2) communication.
۱۳.

Complimenting Functions by Native English Speakers and Iranian EFL Learners: A Divergence or Convergence(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: تحقیقات کاربردی زبان انگلیسی پاییز و زمستان ۱۳۹۴ شماره ۹

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iran Gender EFL Learners Speech Act Compliment English Speakers

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۹۷۵ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۰
The study of compliment speech act has been under investigation on many occasions in recent years. In this study, an attempt is made to explore appraisals performed by native English speakers and Iranian EFL learners to find out how these two groups diverge or converge from each other with regard to complimenting patterns and norms. The participants of the study were 60 advanced Iranian EFL learners who were speaking Persian as their first language and 60 native English speakers. Through a written Discourse Completion Task comprised of eight different scenarios, compliments were analyzed with regard to topics (performance, personality, possession, and skill), functions (explicit, implicit, and opt-out), gender differences and the common positive adjectives used by two groups of native and nonnative participants. The findings suggested that native English speakers praised individuals more implicitly in comparison with Iranian EFL learners and native speakers provided opt-outs more frequently than Iranian EFL learners did. The analysis of data by Chi-square showed that gender and macro functions are independent of each other among Iranian EFL learners’ compliments while for native speakers, gender played a significant role in the distribution of appraisals. Iranian EFL learners’ complimenting patterns converge more towards those of native English speakers. Moreover, both groups favored explicit compliments. However, Iranian EFL learners were more inclined to provide explicit compliments. It can be concluded that there were more similarities rather than differences between Iranian EFL learners and native English speakers regarding compliment speech act. The results of this study can benefit researchers, teachers, material developers, and EFL learners.
۱۴.

The Interplay of Emotional Intelligence, EFL Students’ Gender, and their Writing Performance: A Correlational Study of Iranian University Students(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۵ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۱۶

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Bar-On EQ-i Questionnaire EFL students Emotional Intelligence Writing Performance

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۲۵ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۵
This study was an attempt to examine the relationship between EFL students’ EI, their gender, and writing performance. To this end, 30 female and 27 male English B.A. students, studying at Allameh Tabataba’i University, participated in this study. After checking the homogeneity of the participants through a TOEFL test, Bar-On EQ-i questionnaire (Bar-On, 1997) was administered in order to measure the participants’ emotional intelligence. Besides, their writing performance was measured by their writing course final grades. Three Pearson product moment correlation coefficients and a Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were run to analyze the relationships and interactions among the variables of emotional intelligence, gender, and writing performance. The findings revealed that there was a positive relationship between the participants’ EI and their writing performance. Furthermore, the female participants had a higher emotional intelligence compared to the male participants. However, no difference was found between the male and female participants’ writing performance. The obtained results of this study have had several implications in the fields of English teaching, language testing, and syllabus design and materials development.
۱۵.

The Amount of Job Satisfaction among EFL Teachers in Iran A Comparison of Gender Groups, Academic Degree, and Major

نویسنده:
منبع: هنر زبان دوره ۳ اردیبهشت ۱۳۹۷ (۲۰۱۸) شماره ۲ 61-76

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Job satisfaction Iranian English Teachers Academic Degree Major

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۶ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳۲
A lot of studies have been done in the developed countries due to the importance of job satisfaction; however, only a limited number of studies have been conducted on English teachers' job satisfaction in Iran. Therefore, this study has been designed to recognize the amount of job satisfaction among Iranian EFL teachers regarding their gender, academic degree, and major. To do this end, both qualitative and quantitative research methods, a questionnaire, and a structured interview were utilized. To collect data, a validated questionnaire which was developed by Karavas (2010) administered to a sample of 53 males and females English teachers, teaching in different institutes, at private schools, and at universities in Genaveh Port, Bushehr Province. After gathering the questionnaires, all of the teachers were interviewed. The study findings provided the evidence that females were more satisfied than males. Moreover, the results indicated that the participants with BA/BSc significantly had higher job satisfaction than the participants with MA/MSc degree. But the comparison between the other groups did not reveal any significant difference. Furthermore, the findings clearly demonstrated that there is no significant difference between teachers' job satisfaction and their major. The results of the interview revealed that Iranian EFL teachers satisfied with their jobs because they like teaching, and the most important reason of all teachers' job dissatisfaction is their low salary.
۱۶.

The Role of Gender in Reading Comprehension of Short Stories Taught Through Awareness-Raising(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۹, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Language Focus, Autumn ۲۰۱۷ 149 - 162

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gender Short Stories Awareness-raising Reading Comprehension EFL Learners

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰۵ تعداد دانلود : ۲۸۶
The present study examines the role of gender in reading comprehension of short stories taught through awareness-raising among Iranian EFL learners. In so doing, twelve male and eighteen female learners with lower intermediate English proficiency were selected as the research sample. Next, they were randomly divided into two fifteen-member groups (i.e., a control group and an experimental group). The control group followed the conventional methods and the experimental group was taught the same short stories using awareness-raising activities. Consequently, an independent sample t-test was run. The obtained results indicate the experimental group demonstrates a better performance than the control one. According to the means, the female learners in both groups outperformed the male ones. 
۱۷.

Investigating the Possibilities of Reading Literary Texts in Light of a Sociolinguistic Perspective: Applications on the Case of Alice Walker’s Selected Short Stories(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Vol.۹, No.۱۹, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۶ 62 - 83

کلیدواژه‌ها: ethnography of communication Alice Walker intersectionality womanism race class Gender gender stratification

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۷۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۴
The present research tries to show how race, class, and gender and intersectionality in general, have their decisive impact on the black- American women; and how Alice Walker as a womanist, in her selected short stories, tries to show that black women in the U.S. suffer two-fold acts of oppression and discrimination, i.e. male violence affects all women in social life, irrespective of age or social standing, and at the same time being black has exacerbated the black American women’s situation. In the present study, the mentioned socio-political, socio-cultural and institutionalized intersectionality have been analyzed from the perspective of Alice Walker’s selected short stories. Full analysis have been carried out, from applied linguistic point of view,  in Alice Walker’s “Everyday Use” and “Roselily” while Alice Walker’s other short stories have been consulted for further analysis and discussion. The method used to analyze the data is descriptive research method.
۱۸.

Do Critical Thinking Skills Lead to Success in Language Teaching? A Case of Iranian EFL Teachers Based on Their Gender and Degree of Education(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۰, No.۲۰, Spring & Summer ۲۰۱۷ 17 - 28

کلیدواژه‌ها: Critical thinking B.A. and A.S. degrees Gender teaching success

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۶۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۰۲
The present study attempted to discover whether there is a significant relationship between EFL teachers' critical thinking ability and their teaching success.To this end, 113 Iranian male and female English teachers were required to fill out Watson Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal. Besides, their students were asked to answer the Characteristics of Successful EFL Teachers questionnaire. The statistical analysis of the data showed that there was a significant correlation between EFL teachers’ critical thinking skill and their teaching success. Besides, findings revealed that there was a significant difference between male and female teachers regarding their critical thinking skills, and that BA teachers differed from AS teachers with regard to critical thinking skills. More specifically, male BA teachers took the most advantages from critical thinking skills than others.  
۱۹.

The Relationship between High School Students' Social Capital and Their Foreign Language Achievement: A Gender and Regional Variations Perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) Vol. ۲۰, No. ۲, September ۲۰۱۷ 1-34

کلیدواژه‌ها: Social capital Regional variation Gender Foreign language achievement

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۵ تعداد دانلود : ۳۴۵
This study aimed to compare the underlying measures of male and female high- school students’ social capital in terms of regional variations and gender and investigate the relationship between those measures and the students' foreign language (FL) achievement. To this end, a number of 904 third-grader high school students (278 male and 626 female) from two educational districts (privileged district (PD) and less-privileged district (LD)) participated in the study. They filled out the Student Social Capital Questionnaire and took an English language achievement test. The results showed that the students in the PD outperformed their counterparts in the LD. Furthermore, group statistics and t-test results suggested variations among the groups of students in terms of such factors as mothers’ involvement, institutional trust, intergenerational closure, and parents’ educational aspiration. Pearson product-moment correlation indicated that there was a significant negative correlation between male and female students' participation in social networks and religious activities on the one hand, and their foreign language achievement on the other hand. However, there was a significant positive correlation between intergenerational closure and parents’ educational aspiration and female students' English scores on the S-test. The findings have implications for families and school members to provide students with hopeful and positive aspirations and intimate family environments and learning environments, which can enhance their FL achievement.
۲۰.

Gender impact assessment of urban projects in Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: Socio-Spatial Studies,Vol ۲, Issue ۳, Winter & Spring ۲۰۱۸ 1 - 7

کلیدواژه‌ها: social impact assessment Gender urban projects Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۲۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۹
One of the indicators of social development, the role of women and their participation in social structures. In the past few years in the design, implementation and evaluation of development projects has been increasing attention to gender issues. As a consequence, urban projects at different levels (individual and social) that can be positive, negative, expected or unexpected, the study of the consequences of urban projects because of household supplies that must be implementation of these projects will be considered. Social impact assessment is an attempt to assess the consequences of which could have a role in improving the urban impacts of the project. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the method of gender impact assessment and its principles; Because of gender-based urban development projects in Iran, Construction and operation of its consequences can be numerous and substantial effect on the main body of society that This type of assessment can be used to improve its effects.