فیلترهای جستجو:
فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱۲۱ تا ۱۴۰ مورد از کل ۹٬۹۸۴ مورد.
حوزههای تخصصی:
The growing popularity of language-learning apps among language learners has highlighted the need for rigorous evaluation of their efficacy in second language acquisition (SLA). This study combined quantitative measures to comprehensively understand the effectiveness of the Busuu app in improving the productive vocabulary of Iranian intermediate EFL learners with qualitative data from in-depth interviews to explore their perceptions and experiences while using the app. Forty-three learners (17 males and 26 females with a mean age of 27.53) were selected to assess the effectiveness of the Busuu app on learners’ productive vocabulary knowledge. Among them,15 participants (all female with a mean age of 29.40) agreed to be interviewed after the Busuu study to gain insights into learners’ perceptions and experiences with app-based learning. A pretest-posttest design using the LEX30 task, a standardized productive vocabulary assessment tool, was conducted before and after the Busuu study to evaluate participants’ productive vocabulary knowledge. Paired samples t-tests revealed no significant improvement in participants’ productive vocabulary knowledge. Nonetheless, the number of responses produced in the posttest was higher than in the pretest. According to the interview data, users rated vocabulary as the most favored feature of the app, while restricted access to premium content was noted as the least favored. Most participants acknowledged that the app exceeded their initial expectations before installing it. Additionally, improving vocabulary knowledge was the users’ primary expectation from utilizing the app. Furthermore, approximately all participants found the app beneficial for language learning. However, most of them reported low levels of enjoyment during app usage. The results can contribute to understanding what needs to be done to upgrade the quality and potential of the Bussu app, how the app can better support EFL learners in effectively activating their lexical knowledge, and what the users’ experiences and expectations from a language-learning app are.
Iranian EFL Teachers’ Dynamic Assessment Literacy and their Views of Its Practicality: A Comparative Study of Public School and English Language Institute Teachers
منبع:
Research in English Education Volume ۹, Issue ۲ (۲۰۲۴)
30 - 45
حوزههای تخصصی:
Teachers play a pivotal role in the instruction-assessment process. Knowing EFL teachers’ conceptualizations of the role of assessment as well as their own role in the implementation of assessment is very critical. Accordingly, the current study aimed to compare Iranian EFL public high school teachers’ literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment with those of English language institute teachers. In so doing, 45 (23 high school, 22 institute) English teachers, teaching in Lahijan, Iran were selected according to convenience sampling method. The teachers were invited to cooperate and participate in the study and fill out the questionnaire sent via social network like WhatsApp and Telegram. In addition, nine teachers (five high school, four institute teachers) were selected through purposive sampling to participate in a semi-structured interview with five questions posed through the above-mentioned social networks. A researcher-adapted questionnaire with 23 items in a Likert-type scale was utilized to collect data. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were achieved through experts’ opinion and Cronbach Alpha, respectively. Having collected the data, descriptive and inferential statistics of the findings showed that although both groups of teachers had a realistic view about the application of dynamic assessment due to its practicality and social acceptance, the teachers in two different contexts of teaching had different rates of literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment. Furthermore, the difference in the two groups of teachers’ perceptions of dynamic assessment practicality was significantly different. The institute teachers enjoyed a higher average of both literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment practicality in their classrooms. This study echoes the teachers’ voices, and as in the wake of new forms of curricular policy in many parts of the world, teachers are increasingly required to be agents of change that would hopefully encourage change at the discipline and in the institutional level.
Acoustic Analysis of Persian Plosives in Hearing-impaired and Normal-Hearing Children: A Study of VOT and F0 of Onset(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۶, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۴
145 - 156
حوزههای تخصصی:
The present study explored the effects of voicing and place of articulation on voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) of onset of Persian oral plosives uttered by normal hearing (NH) and hearing-impaired (HI) children. Twenty-one NH children and twenty-one HI children matched for age and gender took part in this study. The participants were asked to repeat 36 CV words including all eight Persian plosives (/p/, /t/, /k/, /c/, /b/, /d/, /g/, /Ɉ/) in combination with the vowel /æ/. All syllables were recorded in a nearly sound-proof room using PRAAT Software. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the groups across gender. The results revealed: (a) HI children had higher VOT and F0 of onset values in nearly all aspects except for VOT and F0 onset of voiced plosives and F0 onset of alveolar and velar plosives; (b) both groups of girls had higher VOT values than boys did; (c) VOT is affected by the place of articulation and F0 is related to voiced-voiceless classification of plosives. Overall, NH children were able to distinguish and produce sounds more correctly, implying that HI children need further training. The study has implications for speech therapists, clinical linguists, and application designers to focus on speech sounds which are challenging for HI children to produce.
Disclosing the Effects of Online Collaborative Writing on Writing Skills and Self-Perception of Technology: A Study on Ethiopian EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۳ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۲۴
81 - 104
حوزههای تخصصی:
The integration of technology in second language education has made online collaborative writing (OCW) a valuable method for enhancing writing skills. Despite this, its effects on writing skills and technological self-perception in Ethiopia have not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to fill this gap by assessing the impact of OCW, through the use of Wiki and Telegram applications, on writing skills and technological self-perception within Ethiopia's English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting. Forty-five intermediate IELTS candidates from a language school in Utopia were randomly divided into three groups: the Wiki group (n = 15), the Telegram group (n = 15), and a control group (n = 15). They participated in pre-tests, interventions, post-tests, and completed a technology self-perception survey both before and after the intervention. The one-way ANOVA results showed that the Wiki and Telegram groups outperformed the control group in post-test writing skills. However, no significant difference was found between the Wiki and Telegram groups' post-test writing skills. Moreover, both groups reported a more positive view of technology following the intervention. These outcomes hold significant implications for EFL stakeholders in Ethiopia and pave the way for further research.
Investigating Gender DIF in the Reading Comprehension Section of the B2 First Exam
حوزههای تخصصی:
Construct-irrelevant variance is considered as a major threat to validity which indicates the existence of additional unrelated variables that distort the meaning of test scores and cause the test to be biased. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis is an important technique in examining the validity and fairness of educational tests. Concerning the importance of test fairness in large-scale exams, this study aimed to (1) detect gender DIF in the reading comprehension section of the B2 First exam using the Rasch model and Mantel-Haenszel method, and (2) investigate the comparability of results from the two DIF detection techniques. To this end, the reading section of the B2 First exam was administered to 207 undergraduate students of English as a foreign language (EFL). After checking the fit of the data to the Rasch model, the results of the Rasch model-based DIF analysis showed the presence of two items indicating DIF, whereas the results of Mantel-Haenszel showed that there were three gender-DIF items.
On the Elaboration of Contexts of Situation with Special Reference to Requesting Strategies in Bali(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۵ مرداد و شهریور ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۳ (پیاپی ۸۱)
107 - 133
حوزههای تخصصی:
On the Elaboration of Contexts of Situation with Special Reference toRequesting Strategies in BaliI Made Netra , I Made Suastra , & I Putu SutamaAbstractOver the last two decades, the study of meaning has been done utilizing context of situation. It has been practiced in determining the speaker’s meanings in languages around the world. However, this research attempts to develop an elaborated form of context of situation in a culture-specific Balinese language and to explicate the speaker’s meaning bound by the elaborated context. To this end, an approach of participatory observation was applied which was qualitative and descriptive in nature. The data were collected from respondents and informants of Buleleng and Gianyar regencies,considering that although they share the same language, their understanding on requesting strategies, however, might be different. Requesting strategies in Balinese is contextually bound by a given and elaborated context of situation, which is referred to as Desa Kala Patra functioning both as a context of situation and an adjustment for language effectiveness. The elaborated context is immensely applicable to different requests. The requests are articulated based on the Balinese cultural scripts. Again, as an elaborated context of situation, Desa Kala Patra can bind the requesting strategies. As an adjustment for language effectiveness, Desa Kala Patra can mostly shift the direct strategies into indirect ones. Indirect requests can be expressed by asking, tag-questioning, giving information, giving advice, providing alternative points, offering, complaining, greeting, and inviting. The practices of requesting are configured by low-level scripts using exponents of philosophical aspects, Desa Kala Patra itself, “ if/then” condition, mechanism, results, and concluding statement.
The Role of Agency and Identity in the Language Socialization of Iranian EFL Learners during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ethnographic Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۵ آذر و دی ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۵ (پیاپی ۸۳)
57 - 83
حوزههای تخصصی:
In the context of language socialization, second/foreign language (L2) instruction is a crucial context for secondary socialization, especially when it takes place outside the learners’ culture of origin. This study explored how Iranian EFL learners socialize through the rules of EFL classes and how gender, parents, and native language affect their language socialization during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused on two fundamental principles of language socialization (Lee & Bucholtz, 2015): agency and identity. In this ethnographic study, we collected the data by observing two classes in a WhatsApp group, interviewing the learners four times through Skype, asking them to write down their reflections about their class procedure, and writing our reflections about teachers-students interactions. We used Direct Qualitative Content Analysis method to analyze the data. To simplify data classification and interpretation, we utilized the MAXQDA-2020 software. The findings revealed two sub-categories for learners’ agency (talent and experience) and three sub-categories for learners’ identity (gender, parents, and native language). The results also showed that language socialization is bidirectional, and learners face forms of negotiating, accepting, or rejecting their agency and identity across this socialization process. The learners’ L1 and culture influence their opinion about the English language and culture. Whether this effect is negative or positive depends on proficiency level, gender, and social context. Finally, cyberspace provided a suitable context for language socialization, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Findings showed several pedagogical implications for EFL teachers and learners.تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها دو زیرمقوله برای عاملیت زبان آموزان (استعداد و تجربه) و سه زیرمقوله برای هویت زبان آموزان (جنسیت، والدین و زبان بومی) را مشخص می سازد. نتایج این پژوهش همچنین نشان می دهد که جامعه پذیری زبان دوسویه است و زبان آموزان در طی فرآیند جامعه پذیری با اشکال مذاکره، پذیرش یا عدم پذیرش عاملیت و هویت خود مواجه می شوند. فرهنگ و زبان اول زبان آموز بر نظر او راجع به زبان و فرهنگ انگلیسی تأثیر می گذارد. چه این تأثیر منفی باشد چه مثبت بستگی به سطح بسندگی، جنسیت و بافت اجتماعی دارد. یافته ها به چندین پیامد آموزشی برای معلمان و فراگیران زبان انگلیسی دلالت دارند.
توانش بین فرهنگی دانشجویان بین المللی تحلیل کیفی محتوای کتاب فرهنگ برای یادگیرندگان زبان فرانسه(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
ارتباط میان زبان و فرهنگ نه تنها از موضوعات اصلی محققان حوزه آموزش زبان است، بلکه از موضوعات مورد توجه در مطالعات حوزه بین المللی سازی آموزش عالی به منظور کاهش چالش های فرهنگی دانشجویان بین المللی در کشور مقصد به شمار می رود. هدف از انجام پژوهش کیفی حاضر، تحلیل کتاب آموزشی فرهنگ به یادگیرندگان سطح مقدماتی زبان فرانسه از دیدگاه توانش بین فرهنگی با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی است. کتاب به آموزش فرهنگ فرانسه و فرانکوفونی با هدف ارتقای سازگاری دانشجویان خارجی در کشور فرانسه اختصاص دارد. براساس یافته ها، کتاب با تمرکز بر «فرهنگ اختصاصی کشور هدف»، حول دو حوزه اصلی فرهنگ عام فرانسه و فرهنگ روزمره فرانسویان، نقش مؤثری در ارتقای «دانش فرهنگی» دانشجویان خارجی درباره کشور فرانسه ایفا می کند. کتاب اگرچه با ایجاد فضایی برای تحلیل و تفسیر «فرهنگ فرانسه»، آگاهی از « فرهنگ خودی» و امکان مقایسه با «فرهنگ دیگری» و همچنین پردازش دانش کسب شده به تقویت «دانش و مهارت بین فرهنگی» دانشجویان کمک می کند، اما به دلیل اختصاص بخش قابل توجه کتاب به فرهنگ اختصاصی فرانسه، نیازمند بازبینی و توجه به فرهنگ های دیگر به منظورایجاد فضایی چندفرهنگی برای ارتقای مؤثر «نگرش بین فرهنگی» و «آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی» دانشجویان بین المللی است. نتیجه نهایی نشان می دهد تقویت دیدگاه بین فرهنگی «مؤلفان» در تدوین کتاب برای دانشجویان خارجی و ایفای نقش مؤثر «مدرسان» در تقویت تعاملات بین فرهنگی در کلاس از عوامل اصلی در افزایش یادگیری مؤثر و بروز کنش بین فرهنگی مناسب توسط دانشجویان در موقعیت واقعی است.
Teachers as Emotional Agents: Contributions of an Online Asynchronous Teacher Education Initiative(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Motivated by the growing significance of research on language teacher emotion regulation, the present study investigated the contributions of an online asynchronous teacher education initiative to L2 teachers’ emotion regulation. Drawing on Gross’ (1998, 2015) model of emotion regulation, the data gathered from interviews with four teachers prior to and after the course, their reflective narratives, online discussions, and class observations were qualitatively analyzed. The analyses pointed to the microgenetic development of teachers in terms of the incremental learning and application of the course content (i.e., emotion regulation) to their instructional practice. In other words, the participants incrementally drew on the learned strategies to up/down-regulate their emotions as English teachers. Additionally, the participant teachers tended to articulate their thoughts via reflective narratives by adopting the professional discourse, further implying the participant teachers’ access to their cognitions.
Hiatus Resolution and Its Relation to Vowel Shortening in Persian and Central Kurdish: An Optimality-Theoretic Approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The present study aimed to investigate vowel hiatus resolution and its relation to vowel shortening in Persian and Central Kurdish within an Optimality-Theoretic framework. The results showed that both Persian and Central Kurdish use glide formation through vowel shortening to resolve hiatus in certain environments. Persian has its own way to resolve vowel hiatus. The two high vowels /i/ and /u/, as a result of glide formation through vowel shortening, are changed into a short vowel and the glides /j/ and /w/, respectively. In Central Kurdish, glide formation occurs in high vowels /iː, uː/ and mid-high vowels /ēː, ōː/. In Persian, glide formation involves a quantitative reduction in the long vowel /iː/ and a quantitative and qualitative alteration in the long vowel /uː/. On the other hand, glide formation in Central Kurdish involves only a quantitative reduction in long vowels. Based on an OT analysis, the main factor in resolving vowel hiatus in both Persian and Central Kurdish is the obligatory presence of onset in the syllable structure. In contexts in which glide formation occurs through vowel shortening, the ranking of the active constraints in Persian and Central Kurdish is: ONSET, AGREE(place) >> MAX, DEP >> IDENT(µ).
Gamification and the Duality of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study aimed to investigate the influence of a gamification-enhanced language classroom within the context of Moodle in promoting extrinsic and intrinsic motivational attributes of language learners. A total of 220 language learners from different universities in Iran were recruited as the participants and randomly assigned to the gamification-enhanced (n= 114) and control groups (n= 106). Over the eight weeks of treatment, the experimental group members were taught using various gamified tasks and activities through the gamified Moodle LMS. A motivational orientation scale was administered before and after the intervention. The results of ANCOVAs demonstrated a significant boost in the extrinsic motivation of language learners, including external, introjected, and identified regulation. Furthermore, the study confirmed that the integration of gamification has resulted in a higher level of intrinsic motivation for the participants in the areas of knowledge, accomplishment, and stimulation. The relevant pedagogical implications and directions for future studies are discussed.
بررسی تکیه در افعال زبان کردی ایلامی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
تکیه یکی از مقوله های مهم واج شناختی و مربوط به هجاست. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تکیه در افعال زبان کردی ایلامی در چارچوب نظریه وزنی هیز (1995) است. برای انجام این پژوهش، تعداد 10 کلمه از مقوله نحوی فعل انتخاب شد و پنج گویشورِ کرد زبان مرد با میانگین سنی 40 تا 60 سال و توانایی خواندن و نوشتن در سطح ابتدایی آن ها را تلفظ کردند. گویشوران هر کلمه را سه بار ادا کردند. مجموع 150 طیف نگاشت با استفاده از نرم افزار Praat به دست آمد و بررسی شد. براساس واکه های موجود در هر کلمه بسامد پایه، شدت و دیرش تا سه رقم اعشار اندازه گیری شد. سپس با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه وتحلیل آماری انجام گرفت و با برنامه Excel گراف هایی برای آن ها رسم شد. در بررسی داده ها، برای تحلیل های آماری از آزمون هایی مانند کلموگروف اسمیرنوف، تی وابسته یا تی زوجی، ویلکاکسون و اندازه گیری های مکرر استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده به این شرح است: در زبان کردی ایلامی، عامل ایجادکننده تکیه واژگانی، همبسته آکوستیکی بسامد پایه است. در این زبان جایگاه تکیه، روی یکی از هجاهای ابتدایی کلمات است.
اثربخشی آموزش میان فرهنگی بر توانش منظورشناختی و علاقه مندی به محتوای ادبی: مورد دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی (ترم های 8-5) رشته زبان فرانسه در دانشگاه های ایران(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های زبانشناختی در زبانهای خارجی دوره ۱۴ بهار ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۱
151 - 168
حوزههای تخصصی:
مسئله اصلی ما در این پژوهش، چگونگی اجرای آموزش میان فرهنگی است. روش شناسی تحقیق از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد. با استفاده از پرسشنامه ای محقق ساخته به عنوان ابزار اصلی پژوهش که شامل 20 سؤال پنج گزینه ای است و روایی آن سنجیده و استانداردسازی شده است به کارایی آموزش میان فرهنگی خواهیم پرداخت. از این رو با انتخاب تصادفی 200 نفر از میان جامعه آماری کل دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی در رشته زبان فرانسه در دانشگاه های ایران و در دو گروه 100 نفره تجربی و گواه به اثرگذاری این روش تدریس بر ارتقای توانش منظورشناختی و علاقه مندی به محتوای ادبی نزد دانشجویان می پردازیم. نتایج مندرج در جدول 5-4 نشان می دهند که تمام 20 گویه پرسشنامه همبستگی قوی با عوامل خود دارند و لذا پرسشنامه استانداردسازی شده است. همچنین، نتایج آمار توصیفی (جدول 5-5) نشان می دهند که پس از حذف اثر احتمالی پیش آزمون، گروه تجربی (19/45) میانگین بالاتری نسبت به گروه گواه (28/35) در ارتقای توانش منظورشناختی کسب کرده است. جدول 5-9 نیز آمار توصیفی دو گروه تجربی و گواه در پس آزمون علاقه مندی به محتوای ادبی را نشان می دهد. بر این اساس این نتیجه به دست آمد که گروه تجربی (میانگین = 69/25 ) نسبت به گروه گواه (میانگین = 15/18) میانگین بالاتری درپس آزمون علاقه مندی به محتوای ادبی کسب کرده است. براساس نتایج آزمون تی دو نمونه مستقل در جدول 5-10 (.05 > p, 9.78 = (198) t) شاخص اندازه اثر آماره تی 78/9 برابر 571/0 است که اندازه اثر بزرگی را نشان می دهد.
پدیده حذف درون بند (رویکردی فاز بنیاد)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
زبان شناسی و گویش های خراسان سال ۱۶ بهار ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۳۴
151 - 185
حوزههای تخصصی:
در سنت دستور زایشی، پدیده حذف یا زدایش، ساخت های گوناگونی را دربرمی گیرد که در آن ها عناصر پیش بینی پذیر نحوی ذیل شرایط خاصی از اشتقاق زدوده می شوند. از سرآغاز نظریه اصول و پارامترها، یافت تعمیمی که بتواند همه گونه های حذف را تبیین کند، یکی از مسائل بنیادین زبان شناسان بوده است. مقاله حاضر می کوشد تا در چارچوب کمینه گرایی فازبنیاد گامی به سوی این هدف بردارد و تبیین جامعی از انواع مختلف حذف در جملات زبان فارسی به دست دهد. برای این منظور، نخست به مهم ترین موارد حذف در پیشینه پژوهش نگاهی می افکنیم و تبیین های مختلف از این پدیده زبانی را ارزیابی می کنیم. سپس به معرفی سامانه متمم ساز شکافته و بررسی فرافکن های نقش نمای فراتر از گروه زمان می پردازیم تا از این طریق، فرافکنی را که در زبان فارسی هسته فاز بالایی را تشکیل می دهد، بیابیم. بررسی شواهد زبانی نشان می دهد در فارسی، مانند زبان آلمانی، عناصر متمم سازی مانند «که» و «تا» در هسته گروه ایستایی تولید می شوند و سپس به هسته گروه عامل ارتقا می یابند و بنابراین، گروه ایستایی را باید نقطه فاز بالایی تلقی کرد که برخی از فرایندهای حذف را در درون ساختار بند موجب می شود. در ادامه این مبحث، توصیفی تفصیلی از انواع حذف در درون جمله به دست می دهیم و می کوشیم ساخت های محذوفی همچون کافت، شبه کافت، ارتقای گره راست، حذف گروه فعلی، بندزدایی، پی پرسش و خرده پاسخ را براساس رویکرد کمینه گرا تحلیل کنیم. سرانجام در بخش پایانی پژوهش استدلال می کنیم که انواع حذف درون بند بر فرافکن فاز پایینی (vP) یا فاز بالایی (FinP) اعمال می شوند و هسته ها و/ یا سازه هایی را از اشتقاق نحوی می زدایند. این تحلیل با تکیه بر فرایندهای پسانحوی حذف و ادغام صرفی توضیح می دهد که چرا در محمول های مرکب فارسی، جزء غیرفعلی محمول می تواند حفظ یا حذف شود.
Impact of Online Peer Assessment via Wiki on Grammar Accuracy of EFL Learners: A Mixed Methods Investigation
حوزههای تخصصی:
With the emergence of new online technologies and computer-mediated language teaching, many recent studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of online peer assessment. The present mixed methods study examined the effect of online peer assessment on Iranian intermediate-level EFL students` writing accuracy. In the quantitative phase of the study, 28 EFL learners studying in an English institute were randomly assigned to two groups and were taught for 14 sessions. The experimental group attended online peer assessment on Wiki as a forum for out-of-classroom discussions regarding English writing, and the control group attended face-to-face peer assessment. To analyze the numerical data collected through a pretest and a posttest, an independent sample t-test was used to investigate the difference between the two group scores before and after the assessments. The results showed that the difference between the posttest means of the experimental group and the control group was significant. Moreover, the results of analyzing the qualitative data, gathered through focus-group interviews, also confirmed the quantitative results, revealing the positive opinions of the interviewees about the role of technology in language learning. Therefore, online peer assessment seems to have benefits that make it worthwhile despite all the difficulties and extra effort of introducing and teaching it to students. The findings may have implications for material designers, language teachers, and language learners.
TPACK, English Proficiency, and Technology Applications in Pre-service English Teacher Professional Development Teaching Practice(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۵ آذر و دی ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۵ (پیاپی ۸۳)
145 - 171
حوزههای تخصصی:
English proficiency as the content knowledge for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers determines their instructional quality. However, previous studies have not focused on the significance of this knowledge in support of Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) on technology adoption in teaching. Therefore, this study aims at finding out the correlation between TPACK and technology applications, and how technology applications link to teachers’ English proficiency levels. The study adopted a quantitative method, and the data were collected using two questionnaires in Likert scale, one for TPACK and another for technology application. Teachers’ English proficiency levels are determined using the content knowledge dimension of TPACK. The questionnaires were completed online by 74 English pre-service teacher graduates who had participated in a national teacher certification program involving real teaching practice. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient to determine the correlation between TPACK dimensions and technology adoption and ordinal logistic regression analysis to find out the effect of teachers’ English proficiency levels on technology applications. The results show that most TPACK dimensions correlate to technology applications with the level of correlations between 0.26 (weak) and 0.47 (moderate). English proficiency has been found to affect technology applications only among teachers who regularly used technology in teaching. Teachers with high English proficiency used technology in teaching 3.06 times more frequently than those whose English proficiency was low. Therefore, it is recommended that English proficiency development be inscluded in teacher professional development to ensure that teachers use technology in teaching
Content Analysis of Internationally Developed English Coursebooks: The Case of Summit 1a and Viewpoint 1
حوزههای تخصصی:
The growing interest in learning English language as an international language through international textbooks has necessitated the need for the evaluation of the cultural content embedded in English coursebooks. With regard to the close interrelation of language and culture, this study investigated the extent to which cultural aspects are represented in two international EFL textbooks. To this end, content analysis was used to analyze two commercial coursebooks (i.e., Summit 1a and Viewpoint 1), which are used in Iranian language institutes. The results of the directed content analysis revealed that two subcategories emerged from the content analysis (i.e., technology and environment), which were coded as an off-list category. Therefore, it was found that the reevaluation and extension of Stern’s (1993) framework for culture is necessary. Moreover, the results of the quantitative content analysis showed that there was not a balanced representation of cultural aspects in the selected coursebooks and the most frequent element was individual values in life. In addition, it was found that there was significant variation between the two coursebooks in the representation of culture. The study concluded that more in-depth investigation of cultural content is needed to develop cultural awareness of language learners. This study has implications for language material developers, language teachers, and language learners.
English Teachers’ versus Content Teachers’ Language Learning Beliefs and their Practices in English for Specific Academic Purpose Courses
منبع:
Research in English Education Volume ۹, Issue ۱ (۲۰۲۴)
35 - 49
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study endeavored to explore the beliefs that Iranian English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teachers held and scrutinize the extent to which their beliefs can correspond to their actual practices in EAP context. To these ends, a mixed mehod study was conducted in which 40 EAP teachers (20 English teachers & 20 subject-area teachers) teaching EAP courses in Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran participated in this nationwide study. The quantitative data gathered through a belief questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS software and the qualitative data collected through interview and observation of EAP courses was analyzed through content analysis. Analyses of the gathered data disclosed that the participants held different beliefs in terms of teaching strategies so that they did differently in their reading-based performances as well as the teaching and learning strategies. Besides, it was revealed that unlike subject-area teachers whose beliefs and performance were derived from their content-related concerns, English teachers’ beliefs and performance were presided by the students’ real needs, interest, and what is substantiated in the current literature. Within the EAP community of teachers and teacher educators, not only novice teachers who aim to enter into the EAP teaching mainstream can benefit from the findings, but also EAP teachers currently teaching such courses can gain the advantage of reflecting upon the beliefs and their actual practices. In addition, the findings may have implications for all EAP teachers to verbalize tacitly held beliefs, think consciously about them, and be aware of existing challenges and critical areas in EAP teaching.
The Effects of Growth Mindset Intervention on Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Development
منبع:
Research in English Education Volume ۹, Issue ۲ (۲۰۲۴)
20 - 29
حوزههای تخصصی:
As a possible and influential factor in academic success, student growth mindset has recently received attention. However, the number of the studies concerning the effects of growth mindset on language skills in the context of Iran is not considerable and no study has specifically examined the influence of growth mindset on Iranian EFL learners’ vocabulary development. To fill this gap, this study was conducted in order to investigate if the intervention has any significant effects on Iranian EFL learners’ vocabulary development compared to those who do not receive such intervention. A quasi-experimental design in the form of pre- and posttest was used in this study. To homogenize the participants in terms of their proficiency, OQPT was used. Subsequently, out of 78 learners, sixty Iranian intermediate language learners were randomly assigned into two groups of control group receiving conventional vocabulary training and experimental group receiving a growth mindset intervention besides the conventional method for vocabulary learning. Vocabulary knowledge of the students was tested with the help of a vocabulary knowledge test that was specifically prepared and developed by researchers. To investigate if using growth mindset intervention had positive effects on learning English vocabulary by the learners in each control and experimental groups, two sets of paired-samples t-test were conducted. Afterwards, to explore which method had been more effective, the mean scores of the posttests of the control and experimental groups were compared by executing an independent two-sample t-test. The results revealed that implementing growth mindset intervention had positive effects on vocabulary development of EFL learners. Accordingly, this study has pedagogical implications for EFL teachers and students, as well as material designers.
A Contributory Study of the Factors in British and Iranian English Instructors’ Teacher Immunity(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۳ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۲۴
125 - 148
حوزههای تخصصی:
Language teacher factors have attracted attention in the field of language teaching in recent decades. This study sought to identify predictors of productive and maladaptive teacher immunity in British and Iranian English teachers. It also investigated the differences between British and Iranian teachers’ immunity. Accordingly, the researchers selected 283 British and 295 Iranian EFL teachers at language institutes as participants. In addition, they gave the participants seven reliable and valid questionnaires to assess their teacher immunity, age, income, emotion regulation, teacher reflection, professional identity, and grit. Finally, they analyzed the data using logistic regression analysis and a t-test. The results showed that British teachers’ emotion regulation, teacher reflection, and professional identity and Iranian teachers’ income, age, and emotion regulation were the most significant predictors of their teacher immunity. In addition, British teachers’ immunity was more productive than that of Iranian teachers. The results can provide specific guidelines for dealing with teacher factors in English classrooms.