مهران فرج اللهی

The purpose of this research was to construct, validate and determine the reliability of online teaching satisfaction model among virtual course professors. For this purpose, an attempt has been made to design a questionnaire based on the model of Bolliger and Vasilik (2009) to measure the satisfaction of professors with online teaching. In order to create, compile and standardize such a questionnaire, the literature related to satisfaction with online teaching, which was available in the form of articles and books, was carefully reviewed. Finally, the definitions and concepts of satisfaction with online teaching were designed as 30 questions with 5 options using the "Likert scoring" method in the form of measuring the satisfaction of professors with online teaching. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated through Cronbach's alpha and retest and construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis. The formal and content validity of the questions was examined by asking the opinions of 19 expert professors in the field of online teaching, and its reliability was also tested on 50 professors of online courses in the "retest" method and at a time interval of 5 weeks. , 0.72 was calculated. Then the questionnaire was implemented on 350 professors of the virtual courses of Payam-Noor University and by using factor analysis with "rotational" method of "Varimax" type, 3 factors with characteristic value higher than 5 were determined as follows: "Satisfaction" from the organization", "student satisfaction" and "self satisfaction". Therefore, the reliability coefficients were between 0.68 and 0.89 for all subscales and 0.78 for the whole questionnaire by the test-retest method. The internal consistency coefficients for all subscales were between 0.62 and 0.75 and for the whole questionnaire was 0.93. In general, the validity and reliability coefficients obtained for the questionnaire were satisfactory. The designed questionnaire is distinguished from other questionnaires in the field of online teaching satisfaction for two reasons. First, this questionnaire covers areas of satisfaction that are related to organizational, student, and self-satisfaction. Second, each of its questions is derived from a defined index, and this issue makes the professors' "satisfaction with online teaching" based on a theoretical framework. Finally, it can be said that according to the reliability and validity results, this questionnaire is a relatively suitable tool for measuring the threshold of "satisfaction with online teaching" of online course professors at Payam Noor University. Obviously, building a scale to measure an existing structure is extremely difficult and time-consuming if done correctly; For example, studying the history of the formation of well-known tests in the world, which are highly reliable and valid.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of philosophic mindedness training on the effectiveness of students’ virtual training components. The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study includes all student’s master’s degree of curriculum in Payame Noor University, south Tehran branch in 1399-1400 academic year. The sample consisted of 32 students who were selected by goal-based random sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. After conducting pre-test on both groups, the experimental group received Smith's philosophical mentality dimensions (Comprehensiveness, Penetration, Flexibility) (1956) in six sessions of sixty minutes and within six consecutive weeks by e-learning method, but the control group received no intervention. The research tool was a 34-item researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity confirmed by judgment of experts and professors, and its reliability was calculated and at an acceptable level. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (Ancova). The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and control in the effect of philosophic mindedness training on the effectiveness of virtual training. Therefore, it can be concluded that by training and enhancing the dimensions of philosophic mindedness of students of the target community, it can be increased the effectiveness of virtual training courses.

The present study was conducted to recognize and analyze the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) aesthetics for sustainable education. For this purpose, two methods of the exploratory search (qualitative) and the questionnaire (quantitative) were used for data collection. The research sample in the qualitative section included the electronic resources related to the topic and in the quantitative section, 36 experts in the field of the distance education planning from the virtual learning environments and universities were selected voluntarily. The content analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data and weighted average and Friedman's test was used to analyze the survey data for content analysis. The qualitative results of the study showed that the aesthetics of the MOOC should have a visual attraction in terms of the learner dimension, and they should be attractive and enjoyable in terms of the content dimension and regardless of any constraint, they must be linked to the natural environment regarding the dimension of the teaching organization and educational environment, indicating the equal effect of each of the four dimensions (the learner, content, teaching organization, and educational environment) of distance education. Quantitative results obtained from the viewpoints of the experts in the field of the distance education on the aesthetics of the MOOC showed that they can be assessed in the dimensions of the content, educational environment, and the teaching organization that will have a significant and special effect on the qualitative results on the MOOC aesthetics.

The human development index is a combined index for measuring the basic dimension of life, which is to have access to required facilities to gain knowledge, taking benefit of a long-time and healthy life and achievement to standard living level. The main objective of this study is to identify the economic factors affecting the growth of academic population in open and distance universities of Iran. The method applied in this study was documentary-analytical method and time series and ordinary least square (OLS) regression model were also used. Statistical population in this study consists of 500 PNU (Payame Noor University) centers. The data of the statistical population included number of applicants of BA of academic year 2001-2014 in PNU and the reliability of independent variables was confirmed using Dickey Fuller Test. Effective variables for distance education were firstly derived using Delphi method. The results obtained from this study show that total Customer Price Index (CPI), earning per master's degree, scholarship and student loan, Gross National Production (GNP),average household income, agriculture field tuition, human science tuition and national income have had positive effect on number of PNU applicants.