Academic Motivation

A flipped classroom, as one of the participatory learning techniques, is based on group dynamics and social interactions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the flipped classroom technique in promoting academic motivation and self-efficacy among high school students. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all female high school students in Ahvaz city in the academic year 2019-2020. Using the purposive sampling method, 30 ones were selected and divided into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The research instrument included the Academic Motivation Questionnaire and Student Self-Efficacy Scale. The experimental group received the flipped teaching program during eight 90-minute sessions; however, the control group received the traditional teaching method. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the flipped and traditional teaching methods in experimental and control groups (p<0.0001). The flipped classroom technique was effective in increasing academic motivation and self-efficacy among students. The study findings indicate that the flipped classroom method can be used to promote academic motivation and self-efficacy and decrease academic failure among students.

This research has been designed and implemented with the aim of determining the arbitrariness of thinking styles with creativity, orientation Tendency to innovation and academic motivation in students. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the sample consisted of 309 undergraduate students in the department of Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, which was selected by stratified random sampling method. They are in this research, we used the Sternberg-Wagner thinking styles questionnaire to determine the style of thinking and also to assess the creativity of Randsip's standardized questionnaire. To determine the tendency for innovation, a researcher-made questionnaire with Likert's comparison and also to assess the degree of academic motivation The standard questionnaire (Valerand) has been used. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods including mean, mean, faces, variance, standard deviation, tables and graphs of inferential statistics including multivariate regression. The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the modes of thinking, external, exequatur, legislator, individualist, jirgas, conservative, informal, conservative, there is no positive and significant relationship between creativity and open mindedness of secretary, internal, general, and versatility. There is also a positive and significant relationship between all styles of thinking with tendency to innovation. With educational motivation, there was a significant relationship between general and supportive thinking styles, while in other styles there was no meaningful relationship with academic motivation. Based on this, it is suggested to guide and encourage students to pay attention Creativity and innovation, as well as academic motivation in universities and educational institutions, should be designed and implemented in accordance with the type and style of thinking of students. Also, the creativity of innovation and motivation for exploitation in the environments based on these components is maximized.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to study the relationship of social and cultural capitals with academic motivation. Methodology: It was an applied study in terms of purpose and a descriptive-correlational one in regards to the method. The statistical population consisted of 14500 high school students of the Ilam province in the school year 2019-2020. The sample included 380 subjects chosen based on Morgan Table by multistage cluster sampling method. The tools of gathering data included the Vallerand Academic Motivation Questionnaire (1992); the social capital used for measurement of state social capital (2015), and the cultural capital self-made questionnaire which was validated based on the opinion of instructors with a reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) of 0.84. SPSS and structural equations in Amos were used to study the research hypotheses based on correlational coefficients and regression. Findings: Findings showed that the social and cultural capitals were significantly related with the academic motivation at (P<0.001, R=0.37) and (P<0.001 and R=0.53). Results of structural equations showed that social capital had direct significant influence on academic motivation (the standard regression coefficient was 0.49). “Cultural capital” with a standard regression coefficient of 0.68 had a direct significant influence on “academic motivation” and its indirect effect through “social capital” on “academic motivation” is 0.25. Altogether both social and cultural capitals directly and indirectly indicated the academic motivation variance at R2= 0.45. Conclusion: Taking the significant role of the cultural and social capitals in academic motivation found in this study, it seems mandatory to heed to these concepts in the academic system.

Purpose: One of the main goals of the education system is to improve the academic performance of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparison the effect of Gagne’s educational model and Keller’s educational-motivational model on academic motivation and achievement of seventh grade students. Methodology: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest design with control group. The research population was seventh grade students of Zahedan city in 2019-20 academic years, which from them 60 people who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in three equal groups including two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group was trained by Gagne’s educational model method and the second experimental group was trained by Keller’s educational-motivational model method for eight sessions of 45 minutes and the control group was trained by conventional method. Data were collected by academic motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1981) and research-made academic achievement test and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS software. Findings: The findings of the present research showed that both methods of Gagne’s educational model and Keller’s educational-motivational model in compared to the control group significantly increased academic motivation and academic achievement of students (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two educational methods in increasing their academic motivation and academic achievement (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, to increase and promote academic motivation and academic achievement of students can be used both methods of Gagne’s educational model and Keller’s educational-motivational model.

Multi-grade classes are one of the realities of our educational system. Academic motivation is known as a challenge for educational systems in developing countries. According to the rapid advances in science and technology, the utilization of blended learning seems to solve this challenge. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning on students' academic motivation in multi-grade classes. The study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population was all students of primary multi-grade classes in Ghaen (n=2200 with 160 classes). The statistical sample was 28 multi-grade students selected using the two-stage cluster sampling method. Also, to collect data, Harter's academic motivation questionnaire was used with Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. The SPSS application and covariance test used to analyze the data. The results showed that academic motivation scores in the experimental group were more than the control group (p≤0.05, f (25.1) = 4.23). According to ETA squares, the blended approach explains 37% of the variance of academic motivation post-test scores (p<0.05, ŋ2=37%). According to the findings and the challenges of teaching in multi-grade classes, this method is not just one option but seems to be the best solution for resolving multi-grade problems.