درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: Female sexual functioning is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and cognitive factors. While the Dual Control Model highlights the roles of sexual inhibition (SI) and sexual excitation (SE) in regulating sexual responses, little is known about the cognitive mechanisms underlying these processes. Aims: This study investigates whether cognitive schemas activated in sexual contexts mediate the association between SI, SE, and female sexual function. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 665 adult women recruited from administrative departments of universities in Tehran and Tabriz. Participants completed the Sexual Excitation/Inhibition Inventory for Women (Graham, 2006), the Questionnaire of Cognitive Schemas Activated in Sexual Context (Nober, 2013), and the Female Sexual Function Index (Rosen, 2000). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized mediation model. Results: Findings indicated that both SI (β= −0.32, p< 0.001) and SE (β= 0.27, p< 0.001) had significant direct effects on female sexual function. Importantly, cognitive schemas partially mediated the relationship between SI and sexual function (indirect effect: β= −0.12, 95% CI [−0.18, −0.07]), suggesting that maladaptive cognitive patterns contribute to sexual difficulties. The overall model demonstrated good fit indices (χ2/df= 2.35, CFI= 0.95, RMSEA= 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports the dual control model, with sexual inhibition and excitation affecting female sexual functioning, and cognitive model, with cognitive schemas influencing sexual functioning.

Aim : The aim of this study was to design and validate a serious game-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescent girls with social anxiety, using a structured scenario-writing protocol based on Hoffman's Social Self-Appraisal Therapy Model. Method: The research employed a multi-phase approach encompassing scenario preparation, expert evaluation, face validity testing, usability assessment, and pilot implementation. Content validity was evaluated by ten psychologists and counselors utilizing the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) metrics. Face validity was assessed utilizing the Story World Absorption Scale (SWAS) with a cohort of 10 adolescent participants. A pilot study including an additional cohort of 10 adolescents evaluated alterations in social anxiety utilizing the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents (LSAS-CA). Usability and player experience were examined through the MEEGA+ instrument.   Results: The results demonstrated strong validity and efficacy of the serious game. Content validity was confirmed (overall CVI > 0.79, CVR > 0.62), along with robust face validity - evidenced by attention and transportation scores exceeding 0.81 (Kappa coefficients = 0.85, 0.81) and emotional engagement and mental imagery scores above 0.61 (Kappa coefficients = 0.78, 0.72). Additionally, a significant T-test result (t(9) = 16.74, p < 0.025) further supported these findings. Based on the MEEGA+ evaluation, the game was classified as 'good quality,' with θ scores ranging from 57.5 to 63.5 across usability and player experience subscales   Conclusion: The results revealed that the CBT-based serious game is both experientially effective and clinically promising. For adolescents with social anxiety, it provides a scalable and entertaining intervention tool, especially in situations where access to conventional therapy is restricted.