درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to design a stress management training program and determine its effectiveness on the quality of work life, career engagement and professional ethics for high school teachers. Methodology: The research was done in a mixed method in two stages. The first stage was qualitative that training package was created and the second stage was quantitative, implemented in the form of factor analysis. The statistical population in the qualitative section included scholars and academic experts (psychologists and educational management) as well as those who had specialized research studies in this field. Purposeful sampling method was used to determine the samples. The sample size in this section was 12 ones based on the saturation principal. The statistical population of the quantitative section included all first-grade female high school teachers in Shahriar City in 2018. 474 ones were randomly selected and filled out the questionnaires. After designing the program, it was validated based on theoretical foundations and semi-structured interviews with teachers and experts in the field of psychology. According to the literature review, seven factors were identified using the exploratory factor analysis. Findings: Based on the study on this field, the first factor was the recognition of tensions, the second one was expression, the third one was the anger management skill, the fourth one was replacing rational thoughts, the fifth one was the rational behavior skill, the sixth one was the time management, and the seventh one was called self-relaxation. Conclusion: Stress management techniques are used successfully in many emotional and physical problems such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, and career problems, and are effective.

Purpose: The aim of the present research is detecting spiritual leadership factors and indicators at high schools of education system regarding interview with informants. Methodology: the current research has applied aim. The research population includes all of high school teachers of Ministry of Education in Saveh in 2017-2018totaling 905. The research sample was based on Krejcie and Morgan Table including 270 subjects using purposeful and snowball sampling. Data gathering tool was semi-structured interview. In this paper, at first based on theoretical and research literature detecting factors and indicators and their informants were rated on 5-scale Lickert based on significance and also proposed some answers to the open question. Data analysis was performed using mono sample t-test and the results of qualitative data were analyzed by MAXQDA software. For data analysis, average and standard deviation indexes and in deductive section discovering factor was used for detecting elements of spiritual leadership with structural equation techniques. Findings: The findings of current paper were detected from the perspective of informants and opinion makers of effective factors on spiritual leadership at high schools in 4 factors and 14 indicators. The results of mono sample t-test showed error level of α=0.05 indicating meaningful level in all factors and indicators was obtained less than error rate (α>sig=0.05). So with 95 percentage ensuring all factors and indicators were confirmed from the perspective of this research informants. Conclusion: Spiritual mangers due to virtues like bravery, justice, humanity, foresight, correct judgment, modesty in mood, behavior, perspective develop their skill and proficiency to consider constant and long-term educational activities and cause basic changes at schools.

Purpose: One of the elements of success in each organization in achieving its goals is the competency of organization managers who can be effective in creating innovative behaviors. Therefore, the aim of this study is examination of the effects of the managers in training departments. Methodology: This paper has applied objective and descriptive-survey and correlational methodology. The statistical population of the study consisted of 355 managers of educational departments of Fars province universities. Using Morgan table, 185 people were selected by simple random sampling as case study. The data collection tool on dimensions of competency and entrepreneurial behavior was developed by a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was measured by confirmatory factor analysis with factor load of more than 0.4 as well as face validity (expert approval) and reliability by Cronbach's alpha more than 0.7 (managers’ competency questionnaire with 0/93 and entrepreneurship behavior questionnaire with 0/87 validity). Findings: Data were analyzed by SPSS and PLS software. The composite validity amount, the extracted variance and factor load have been achieved based on modeling for elements of competency and entrepreneurship behaviors. Conclusion: The results of structural equation modeling showed that there is a meaningful relationship between dimensions of managers' competency including communicative skills, encouragement and innovation, leadership skills, applying professional positive capabilities, team empowerment and decision-making and entrepreneurial behavior.

Purpose: Considering the importance of cancer in human societies and its negative effects on human body and psyche, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Schema Therapy on resiliency of breast cancer patients in East Tehran Medical Centers. Methodology: This study is a pilot study with single stage cluster sampling method. We selected 150 patients with breast cancer in East of Tehran. The Connor-Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire was presented. Forty-five subjects were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15, consisting of two interventions and one control group, 12 sessions of group schema therapy and 12 sessions of acceptance-based therapy, each session lasting 90 minutes. Each intervention was performed twice a week for 3 days. At the end of treatment all three groups were tested. Findings: The finding showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental group under the influence of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Schema Therapy in post-test resiliency. F (1.41) = 530/35. Conclusion: The results showed that schema therapy is more effective on resiliency than, Commitment-Based and Acceptance.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine teachers’ perceptions towards research by first investigating teachers’ conceptions about research and second, by examining the extent to which teachers read and do research. Methodology: To this end, the participants of the present study were 98 English language teachers from language institutes and schools. Utilizing Borg’s (2009) questionnaire, at first, the questionnaire responses were analyzed to determine the teachers’ view of research; in this section, the teachers were asked to point out to what extent they felt the activities described in 10 scenarios were or were not research. Findings: The results indicated that three scenarios were considered to be “probably research” and scenarios 4, 5 and 6 were regarded as “definitely research” by the participants. On the other hand, two scenarios were recognized as “definitely research”. The results of the second research question showed that among 98 English teachers only 24 teachers “often or sometimes” read published research which is a very high index. Teachers’ reasons for the answers to the second research question were lack of time, knowledge, access to resources, and institutional support. The findings of this research indicate that teachers’ conceptions of research are very near to conventional scientific theories. Only 12.2% of the teachers mentioned that they “do research”. Conclusion: the findings of the present study may be useful for teachers who want to promote their English teaching as such findings are suggested to improve their level of engagement in research activities, and consequently the quality of their research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy education on students' responsibility. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study was all female students of Shahid صادقیSecondary School (District 6) in Tehran during the school year of 2018-2019. The sample consisted of 30 students (15 experimental group, 15 control group) from those who had a lower than average deviation from the responsibility scale and were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 15 experimental and control groups. Were. The experimental group received 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy training while the control group did not receive any intervention. To measure the variables, Kordlow Liability Questionnaire (2008) was administered to both groups and data obtained from pre-test and post-test using multivariate analysis of covariance. And univariate analysis was performed. Findings: The results of multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance showed that acceptance and commitment therapy education increased the students' responsibility in comparison with the control group in the post-test. (P <0.05). conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment based training can be used to promote accountability and its components. Acceptance and commitment based therapy can be part of intervention programs in counseling centers. Schools should be targeted to increase accountability of target groups.

Purpose: The necessity, importance, and role of leadership in an organization is not hidden from anyone. The purpose of this article is to identify the components of servant leadership in the Tehran Martyrs' Martyrs and Sacrifice Affairs headquarters and provide a conceptual model based on it. Methology: This study was applied in terms of data collection and descriptive-survey data and in terms of mixed method which included first qualitative research and fuzzy Delphi method and then quantitative research method. Practical is in a specific field and applied research is directed towards practical application of knowledge. This research was conducted in 1977, considering the dimensions and components of the models proposed in the field of servant leadership to provide a model for organizations. The results were refined using Fuzzy Delphi method formulas gone. Findings: The model of servant leadership components in the Martyrs and Martyrs Foundation of Tehran headquarters is presented in 8 dimensions: servitude, humility, trust, insight, empowerment, grouping, kindness, and altruism that determine servant leadership. Conclusion: The model presented in this study can evaluate the components of servant leadership and considering the use of rich theoretical foundations in relation to the subject and comparing with different models and indicators to be measured and applying expert opinions, It is possible for organizations to present a leadership plan while analyzing the current situation and utilizing successful experiences.

purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify Dimensions and Components of Human Resource Efficiency in Medical Universities of Iran: To Present a Conceptual Model. Methods: This research regarding the aim of that is an applied research type and in terms of implementation method categories in descriptive-survey and correlational research applying the Delphi fuzzy model. The statistical population of the study consisted of 27 college experts who participated in this research as a decision team in identifying indicators and dimensions of variables chosen by non-random (targeted) and snowball methods Findings: The findings of the research show that human resource productivity indicators are divided into seven main categories (structural-managerial, socio-psychological, cultural, individual, economic, environmental, initiation and cooperation) and 56 subsidiary indexes. These findings were obtained through three steps back and forth of expert questionnaires, fuzzy and defuzzification of responses. Conclusion: The results of the research indicate that it is possible to improve the skills of the staff and increase the productivity of human resources by their appropriate training, guidance and participation.

Purpose: The main purpose of the research is to study the elements and dimensions of university sustainability and to present a comprehensive conceptual model for the realization of sustainable university in the Iranian higher education system and to compare the approach of public and non-governmental universities. Methodology: The research approach is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method is descriptive-correlational. And in terms of a mixed method, it is done in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, the components of sustainable university were identified by conducting semi-structured interviews with 17 higher education experts and policymakers selected through purposeful sampling. The process of gathering information continued until theoretical saturation. To validate qualitative findings from participant and coworker review strategies and inductive content analysis method for data analysis, the research method was quantitative descriptive - survey. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 8 subscales and its content extracted from qualitative data. The population consisted of 322 faculty members of public and non-governmental universities selected according to Cochran formula. The construct validity of the instrument was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Findings: The results of data analysis in the coding process were finally categorized into 26 axial categories and 8 selective codes. The findings included eight main categories of pedagogy elements and dimensions in learning processes, sustainable research, functional structural requirements, social sustainability, economic sustainability, academic and academic identity and academic diplomacy in the age of globalization. The results of the quantitative section also showed the difference of sustainability indices in public and non-public universities. Conclusion: Finally, the results showed that universities need to move towards sustainability in order to maintain their stability in the current situation. Accordingly, a sustainable university is a university with a sustainable strategy and strategy, a transversal and community-based vision of implementing sustainable principles and concepts in sustainable teaching-learning functions, sustainable research, strengthening democratic society, minimizing environmental, economic impacts. It is socially and hygienically, and has functional structural requirements, academic and academic interactions, a well-defined and robust economic and financial system that has always sought to strengthen the identity of professional citizens in support of a sustainable and pioneering society.

Purpose: Epistemological beliefs mean what people believe about the nature of knowledge and knowing that can be related to areas such as learning and theory of mind.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the growth of epistemological beliefs in 9-year-old girl children. Methodology: This was a qualitative grounded theory study. The study population consisted of elementary third grade girl students in Babolsar city in 1397. A sample of 20 students through purposeful sampling method with Theoretical saturation was selected and the epistemological beliefs of these participants were examined in two stages over a period of one year. The research tool was in-depth interviews with emphasis on "draw, write, tell" technique which was used in both stages. Coding was also used to analyze the data. The validity of the findings was evaluated by triangulation method including expert review, continuous comparison of data and different methods of data collection. Findings: The epistemological beliefs of children emerged in five dimensions, including ' Ownership ', ‘Innateness’, ' Exactness', 'simplicity' and ‘pace’. Each of these dimensions was relatively complex, and developed over a period of one year, especially in dimension of ownership. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that the development of girl children's epistemological beliefs towards more complex beliefs can occur if necessary conditions are in instructional Environments. Therefore, it is suggested that providing children with appropriate learning environments such as constructive learning environments and opportunities to reinforce the power of reasoning and argumentation.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a predictive model of MOOC at Payam-e-Noor University based on the components of management and professional competence. Methodology: The research method was by purpose, applied; in terms of data type, (quantitative); in terms of data collection method or nature, and the research method was non-experimental - correlation. The statistical population of this study was 900 faculty members of Payam Noor University in Tehran. Due to the different nature of Payame Noor University, 270 people were selected as the subjects using Cochran formula and simple random sampling. The research tool consisted of a researcher-made questionnaire with 37 questions related to MOOC and two standard questionnaires of 20 and 15 questions for management variables (Wiele & Boselie Questionnaire, 2002) and professional competence (Molaeinejad questionnaire, 2012). The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and reliability coefficient (MOOC, management and scientific / professional competence) of 0.7. Structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis) was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the components of management, scientific / professional competence, were effective factors on the implementation of the music in Payam-e-Noor University. Conclusion: With the presence of mock-ups, it facilitates the access of institutions and organizations to inclusive learning and facilitates the virtual learning process. In the field of MOOC management, the university can be effective in providing MOOCs courses by preserving and developing fair behavior and speech.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design an integrated social education curriculum model in elementary school. Methodology: The research method was a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) type of sequential-exploratory design. The statistical population consisted of 85 teachers and educational experts in the qualitative section and 830 teachers of social sciences in the quantitative section in the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample size was 40 and 263, respectively. Cluster sampling was selected. The instrument used in the qualitative part was interviews and document summaries, which extracted 70 codes and 18 themes using the content analysis sequential modeling method, and in the quantitative section, the tool used a researcher-made questionnaire. Using the factor analysis method, the extracted concepts were analyzed and analyzed into 21 sub-categories and 10 main categories. Findings: The results showed that with respect to features such as attention to learners 'educational knowledge, revision of curriculum content formulation and emphasis on flexibility components, interdisciplinary understanding, learners' abilities, and implementation of upstream education curriculum documents, modifying content-organizing approaches from subject-based approaches to integrated approaches can reinforce the elementary curriculum integrated curriculum. Conclusion: interdisciplinary and logical curriculum integration are essential in the academic and personality development of learners because Can knock Wit to lead learning transfer.

Purpose: The Purpose of the present study was Examining the effectiveness of problem solving skills training on psychological Hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies of high school students in Tehran. Methodology: Method of research was an applied one in terms of purpose and a quasi-experimental in terms of data collection with pretest-posttest, control group, random assignment of subjects. Statistical population included all female students studying in Tehran in 1396-97. Forty students were assigned through convenience sampling. That is 40 students were split into two groups, assigning 20 to each, one group as control and the other as experiment group. The experiment was trained problem solving (8 sessions, lasting 90 minutes each); the control group received no treatment(training). To collect data, the Psychological Hardiness Scale (Kobasa,1979) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (Garnefski et al, 2001) were used. Data analysis based on the data obtained from the questionnaires through SPSS-v22 was done at 0.05 significance level in two parts, descriptive and inferential (Covariance analysis). Findings: The Results showed that problem solving skills training affected on adolescent’s psychological hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (p<0.001). Conclusion: Therefore, Problem solving skills training can be used as an effective intervention to improve psychological hardiness and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in high school students.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explain the aesthetic foundations of Khaje Nasir and Rousseau's ideas in order to develop a model of artistic education for elementary students. Methodology: Based on the stated purpose, the type of research is applied and its method is qualitative (quantitative). The study population in the qualitative section consisted of 17 experts using purposive sampling method and the target population in the quantitative section was 108 teachers of Bandar Kangan elementary school using proportional stratified random sampling method. . In order to collect the required information in the qualitative part, the deductive content analysis and structured interview were used and the researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The questionnaire was confirmed by content and face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and spss22 software were used to determine its reliability. Findings: The findings obtained from the qualitative section were extracted in two general categories based on the aesthetic ideas of Khaje Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau and 15 components. Accordingly, ethics, art, divine closeness, values, consciousness, perfection, nature, moral conscience, art, naturalism, community, intellect, aesthetic education are among the aesthetic elements of Khawaja Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau's aesthetic elements. Similarly, structural equation technique using pls software showed that the above mentioned components are 0.95 at the significant level of 1.96 and these factors are effective in children's artistic education. Conclusion: This study showed that artistic education of children is important and has aesthetic characteristics in the development of children which is clearly expressed in the thoughts of Khaje Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau and can play an effective role in the development of humanity of children in all stages of individual life and Have their own community. The naturalistic approach of R. Usu and Khaje Nasir enables students to be more careful about the nature of individuals and to see the sophistication and sophistication of nature and to enhance artistic talent in different fields.