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Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Paradox Timetable Cure (PTC), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Matrix (ACTM), and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) on differentiation and emotional self-regulation in women experiencing marital conflicts. Methods: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The study sample consisted of 60 women with marital conflicts, selected through purposive sampling from an initial group of 154. The participants were randomly assigned to four groups: PTC, MACT, EFT, and a control group, each containing 15 members. The intervention included ten 90-minute sessions for each therapy group, while the control group received no treatment. Data were collected using the Differentiation of Self Inventory and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Findings: The results indicated significant improvements in differentiation and emotional self-regulation across all three therapeutic approaches compared to the control group. ACTM and EFT were found to be slightly more effective than PTC in enhancing differentiation and emotional self-regulation (MACT and EFT p = .000, PTC p = .004 in differentiation; ACTM and EFT p = .000, PTC p = .001 in emotional self-regulation). Conclusion: All three therapeutic approaches—PTC, MACT, and EFT—were effective in improving differentiation and emotional self-regulation in women with marital conflicts. However, ACTM and EFT demonstrated marginally higher effectiveness compared to PTC. These findings suggest the utility of these therapies in clinical settings for addressing marital conflicts.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Couples Coping Enhancement Training (CCET) on resilience and marital conflicts in couples during the transition to parenthood. Methods: This quasi-experimental research employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with experimental and control groups. The population consisted of couples attending counseling centers in Shiraz in 2022, from whom 12 couples were selected using a volunteer-available sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (6 couples with training) or the control group (6 couples without training). The CCET training sessions for the experimental group were conducted over nine weekly two-hour sessions. Data were collected using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003) and the Sanaei Zaker and Barati Marital Conflict Questionnaire (2008). The data were analysed with analysis of variance with repeated measurements method using SPSS-25 software. Findings: Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS26. The findings indicated that CCET significantly enhanced resilience and reduced marital conflicts in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test. Furthermore, the non-significant difference between post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group suggests the lasting impact of CCET on resilience and marital conflicts in couples during the transition to parenthood. Conclusion: Therefore, CCET can be utilized to increase resilience among couples and aid in reducing marital conflicts post-childbirth.

 book series of “Persian Prime” (2024) via an analytic study based on the series’ action-oriented approach and the grammar, vocabulary and function selection within its A1 and A2 levels, from the Persian Reference Framework (PRF). The numerical research results illustrate that among 73 grammatical domains determined in PRF corresponding to the elementary level, 26 grammar points have been taught directly in A1 and A2 level textbooks, while others are used indirectly within their texts and activities. Among 131 vocabulary domains in PRF in A level, 30 domains have been selected and taught directly within the vocabulary sections, and 70 have are presented in different parts of the lessons. Moreover, among 53 functions correspond to this level, 12 functions are taught directly, in the interaction part and other sub-functions are taught in form of dialogue, listening, writing and speaking exercises in them

La Constitution de la République islamique d'Iran présente une configuration institutionnelle unique, caractérisée par une dualité de légitimité articulant principes démocratiques et théocratiques. Ce modèle hybride incarne une forme innovante de démocratie religieuse, où l'islam est conçu comme un système politique et social. Le système politique iranien se distingue par son caractère républicain, qui se manifeste à travers plusieurs mécanismes institutionnels fondamentaux. Les élections générales constituent un élément central de cette configuration, permettant l'expression de la souveraineté populaire. La Constitution garantit également le principe de séparation des pouvoirs, plaçant le peuple au cœur de la formation et du fonctionnement des institutions. Parallèlement, le dispositif constitutionnel intègre des garde-fous destinés à prévenir les dérives autocratiques. Des mécanismes de contrôle sont prévus pour garantir les libertés fondamentales, lutter contre la corruption et limiter les potentiels abus de pouvoir. La singularité de ce modèle réside dans sa capacité à fusionner légitimité religieuse et légitimité populaire, se démarquant ainsi des régimes totalitaires comme des théocraties traditionnelles. Cette configuration traduit une conception dynamique et interactive entre principes religieux et aspirations démocratiques, proposant un modèle institutionnel original à la confluence du politique et du religieux. La présente recherche, adoptant une approche descriptive et analytique et s’appuyant sur des sources documentaires, vise à analyser certains aspects clés du régime politique de la République islamique afin d’en déterminer la nature à la lumière de la Constitution de 1979.