درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Today, Research and Development (R&D) activities in petroleum incubators are of vital importance and it is necessary to investigate different ways of commercializing the patents of these activities. The formulation of petroleum incubator strategy and coordinating it with technology strategy and corporate strategy can reduce the technology development and commercialization time period and creates comparative advantages. In this paper we develop an itemized model to draw a bead on the activities of petroleum incubators in a patent portfolio framework and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of petroleum incubators. The model includes several categorized items that can be taken into account stage by stage. If this model is deployed in steady stages, the petroleum incubator can ensure that every new created idea will commercialize undoubtedly. Moreover, a considerable characteristic of the proposed model is the existence of programs for the patents application in prevailing and new created markets and also commercializing the patents of R&D activities to prevent the accumulation of unused knowledge in petroleum incubators. At the end of the paper, some suggestions to employ the model in real-life situations are recommended.

Technological orientation is one of the competitive functions in the capital market, which can be considered as a basis for evaluating the advantages of companies in achieving strategic goals. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of geographical location on the technology capabilities. In this study, resource based view (RBV) has been used to develop the research hypothesis. In this study, first, using data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to measure the technology capacities of companies then, considering that the dependent variable of the research was measured as 0 and 1, based on logistic regression, the research hypothesis was tested. The result of testing the research hypothesis was that the level of significance of the coefficient of variable geographical distance (DIS) has a negative and significant effect on the technical efficiency vector (TEV). This result, based on the test of the theory of resource reliance theory, indicates the fact that the existence of a geographical distance from the center can affect companies' access to competitive resources, and in this situation, reduce the capabilities of their core technology compared to competitors. This study is one of the few studies that examines the effect of technology capability on the geographical distance of petrochemical companies and its results can help strengthen the strategic decisions of companies. Therefore, based on this, this study can be considered innovative because it helps to develop theoretical literature and strategic decision-making implications.

Unlike other organizations, employees of the oil company retire at the age of 60, and their retirement is not based on 30 years of service. Therefore, they require more attention during their retirement. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to design and explain a socially responsible marketing model with an emphasis on the retired community in Gachsaran Oil and Gas Exploitation Company. The research method was mixed-exploratory, based on foundational data theory in the qualitative phase, using purposive sampling, and in the quantitative phase, using descriptive and inferential statistics and structural equations analysis. The results show that Gachsaran Oil and Gas Exploitation Company has a process that cannot be performed separately from society. Therefore, having socially responsible marketing in the company can help retirees with public services and provide a way to strengthen the motivation of employees and support the interests of the community during retirement. Thus, these organizations need managers who can determine the future path of the organization with depth, guide individuals to the determined path, and create motivation for transformation based on social marketing in employees of organizations

The purpose of job rotation policies is to create a talent pool for the organization along with mutual training of employees. Ensuring that a planned job transfer is beneficial to both the employee and the organization requires consideration of the organization and the company's value chain. The current research has been conducted with the aim of designing a job rotation implementation model based on the organization, methods, and value chain of Iran's National Gas Company. The qualitative research method is based on foundational data theorizing. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information, and data analysis was done using the Strauss and Corbin method and the paradigm model. Sampling was done theoretically and with the benefit of targeted (judgmental) and snowball (chain) techniques, based on which 18 interviews were conducted with knowledgeable professors and experts in the field of human resource management and public administration. The results of the data analysis obtained from the interviews during the process of open, axial, and selective coding led to the creation of a job rotation implementation model based on the foundation's data theory including 6 main dimensions, 64 sub-dimensions, and 186 characteristics.

The theory of relative purchasing power parity to determine the long-run trend of the exchange rate in Iran is quite sensitive to the base year selection. So, by changing the base year, trends with a level difference of several hundred percent are obtained. It means that the long-run trend of the real exchange rate is not at a constant level. In other words, contrary to the PPP theory, the real exchange rate trend is not stationary. Empirical studies consider the non-stationary change in terms of trade resulting from the changes in the real oil price as one of the reasons. This study examines the nexus between the real exchange rate and terms of trade in Iran from 1960 to 2020, using the autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration as the estimation method. We find that higher terms of trade lead to a decline in the actual exchange rate and vice versa. The results indicate a long-run relationship, which means that the condition needed to estimate the long-term trend of the exchange rate in Iran is to have the same terms of trade in the base year.

The purpose of this article is to simulate the behavior pattern of shareholders in the Iran’s capital market according to the monetary policies of the Central Bank of Iran. The research method in the first stage was qualitative (interview) and in the second part it was quantitative (statistical and inferential tests). According to the purpose of the research, the research method was of fundamental-applied type and based on the research method of survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of the shareholders of the Tehran Stock Exchange, whose number was about 650 stock companies until the end of the fiscal year 2023. Semi-structured interviews with experts of this market have been used to identify model indicators. Then, by coding the data obtained from the interviews, a research questionnaire was designed. Finally, to extract the model from the factor-based model (ABM) using the exploratory factor analysis method, Netlogo software was used for simulation. The investigated period can be divided into three periods without applying a targeted monetary policy to control the behavior of shareholders. The first period is the period when economic variables such as exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rate are constant. In this situation, the number of buyers in the capital market has increased and purchases have taken place in this market (in this purchase, the share of emotional buyers is higher). In the second period, when inflation decreases and the interest rate remains the same, the number of shareholders in the market is reduced, but purchases still occur, but the share of volatile buyers is higher in this period. In the third period, when the inflation rate and the interest rate both increase, with the greater effect of expansionary policies (increasing the volume of money) than the increase in the interest rate, the number of shareholders and the amount of purchases increase. The study of the behavior of shareholders and their buying and selling in this market indicates that the profit from the buying and selling of volatile shareholders in the period under review is more than that of emotional shareholders and shareholders who hold their shares for a while in order to gain profit with a long-term view. The results indicate that due to uncertainty, this market, which has the nature of long-term financing, has lost its function and the shareholders' view of this market is short-term profit.