درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Museum is the archaeological approach to the date, time, culture, society and human status or a demonstration of the new global conditions. Without understanding the philosophy, the meaning and nature museum cannot realize its importance in view of civilization. Today, Museums benefit from lots of different Marketing tactics in attracting visitors. Marketing is something used by someone who wants to influence the decision and behavior of another in order to reach its organizations' economic and social goals. Art Marketing is an integrated management process, which regards mutually satisfying exchange relationship with the customers as a means to achieve the organizational objectives.  One of the effective solutions is the using of the cultural marketing in order to develop a museum. The main objective of this study is the effect of the optimal use of cultural marketing in the rate of visits to museums. An analytical-descriptive methodology has been applied in this study. The questionnaire contains 35 items on a 5-point Likert scale. 300 questionnaires were distributed among visitors and museum officials in Tehran, Tabriz, Hamedan and Sanandaj were collected and analyzed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to ensure the reliability of the research tool. The questionnaire showed a very good reliability of 0.84 percent. The results show that the optimal utilization of cultural products, develop optimal pricing strategies, organizing people on the visit rate is effective. In addition, suitable use of advertising has increased the amount of historical tourism and visiting museums rate.

Banks play an important role in the growth and development of any economy. A profitable banking system enhances economic stability and efficiency to mitigate the impacts of sudden macroeconomic shocks. To be more efficient and profitable, banks need to recognize the factors underpinning their performance. Accrued liabilities are one of the factors that hinder the profitability of banks. There are several methods to assess banks' profitability with their own pros and cons. Among them, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been recommended as one of the most common approaches to evaluate different efficiencies including cost efficiency, revenue efficiency, technical efficiency, and finally profitability. The availability of prices/weights of inputs and outputs provides financial managers with significant information for evaluating efficiencies and assists them in decision-making and strategy development processes. This study mainly aims to analyze banks' profitability by considering accrued liabilities resulting from undesirable factors, for which relevant data were collected from 33 branches of a commercial bank in Gilan province, Iran based on managerial and weak disposability. The results illustrated that only three branches were graded one in three dimensions of efficiency, namely technical, cost and revenue, and profitability. Besides, it was suggested that the lack of these efficiencies was not correlated with the branches' profitability.

Political instabilities, technology advancements, changing customer tastes, globalization, and cultural changes are among the factors constantly forcing telecommunication organizations to change. Thus, change is certain in telecommunication organizations nowadays. Managers in this departments realize the significance of change management in the change process. This is shown and published in numerous studies. However, there seems to be lack of managerial structures that help telecommunication companies implement effective change management practices. This paper presents a managerial framework for the implementation of change management in telecommunication departments. The framework is constructed using empirical findings from one case study of East Azerbaijan telecommunication companies. It consists of four main dimensions, namely change planning, change management, change reinforcement, and change feedback collection. The value of this framework is that it represents an initial attempt to explore factors of successful change management in telecommunication departments. The paper concludes with research and practice applications of the managerial framework.