درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

In this study, the authors, using a descriptive-analytical method and library research, aim to answer the research question: "What is the position of election expense transparency in the electoral policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran?" According to the research findings, before the enactment of the law on transparency in funding election campaigns and activities in 2019, there was no codified mechanism for transparency in election expenses. Therefore, to achieve this transparency, it was necessary to continue entrusting the issue of general and po-litical qualifications, which the Guardian Council is very sensitive about, to this council. However, regarding the oversight of election expenses, those approved by the Guardian Coun-cil should be entrusted to an independent electoral commission, and financial oversight of the elections should be pursued through the formation of a commission or council for monitoring election expenses. After the approval of this law, the expenses incurred by interest groups within the framework of legal resources such as the candidate's personal assets, contributions from parties and political groups, donations from Iranian individuals, and public resources and facilities can be monitored and reviewed through legal channels.

This article delves into the cultural invasion faced by Islamic society following the Islamic Revolution, focusing on how Western powers have strategically attempted to undermine indigenous cultures through materialism and cultural hegemony. The primary research question of this study is, what factors have contributed to the cultural penetration of Western values in Iran, and how can these influences be resisted in line with the perspectives of the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei? The hypothesis suggests that cultural infiltration is not merely a historical issue but a modern tactic used by Western forces to weaken Islamic ideals and revolutionary movements, especially in the post-revolutionary context. Through a content analysis of Ayatollah Khamenei's speeches and writings, the study identifies the key components of cultural resistance, such as the need for a solid intellectual foundation, an in-depth understanding of the enemy's tactics, and an active presence in the digital and cyberspace spheres. The research highlights that these elements are essential for developing an effective strategy against cultural domination. Moreover, the study reveals that public participation and solidarity, while important, are less critical in countering cultural infiltration than a stronger ideological framework and intellectual empowerment. This suggests that the focus should shift towards strengthening the cultural and intellectual defenses of society, with particular attention to the role of education, media, and critical thinking in resisting foreign cultural pressure. The study concludes that in order to safeguard cultural security in Iran, it is imperative to activate public diplomacy, promote cultural assimilation based on resistance, and establish an Iranian-Islamic progress plan that emphasizes self-reliance and the preservation of indigenous cultural values. These strategies are not only crucial for maintaining cultural sovereignty but also for reinforcing the broader ideological and political independence of Iran.

The issue of human rights is currently one of the challenging issues facing the Islamic countries in international forums. Although The human right issue has had a different background in each Muslim country individually, yet the Muslim Countries face more or less some  similar challenges as a whole. This article is an attempt to explore the process of human right evolution in these countries and to identify the challenges ahead. The article argues that the challenges are theoretical and practical ones. It also argues that some of them are domestic ones and some are imposed by outside world. The article regards the  approval of the Declaration of Human Rights in Islam at the meeting of foreign ministers of the Organization of the Islamic Conference in Cairo in 1990 as a turning point in the evolutionary process partly due to the realization of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, and partly to  the growing need and demand inside those countries.

Economic justice, in the general sense of living in security, regardless of the political or social system ruling the society, has been the desire of every person and government. In all welfare discourses after the Islamic revolution, welfare, and social security have been accepted as trans-sectoral categories in the category of the main duty of the government and the primary rights of the people; however, welfare and social security have taken on different meanings depending on which discourse and with what signs and symbols it is elaborated. Poverty and deprivation as one the problems of economic injustice with the power to influence and harm it has been con-sidered in cultural, social, political, and economic fields during the life of the Islamic Republic of Iran and has always had a special place in the planning and policies of the country over the past three decades. The proof of this claim is the texts of economic, social, and cultural devel-opment programs of the country, which contain notes and materials about this issue. This re-search is of a theoretical type in analytical-descriptive form with the help of library resources, the internet, and the press, using phishing methods and using other media. In this research, the dimensions and components of social justice at the macro level of society in the field of eco-nomic justice in the reform and construction of government with the use of documentary and library methods and Laclau and Mouffe's discourse method are described and analyzed.