درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy interventions and the 12-step method in reducing drug temptation and reducing the projective defense mechanism of recovering addicts in Tehran province. The study method was pretest-posttest with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all recovering addicts in Tehran province in 1399, of which 58 people (30 people in the intervention group and 28 people in the control group) were selected using purposive non-random sampling. Data were collected using the Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ-40) by Anders et al. (1993) and Wright craving (2003). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance. The results of univariate analysis of covariance showed that by controlling the effect of F-tests obtained on the variable mechanisms of projection and temptation "at the level of 0.05 is significant. In other words, there are significant differences in the post-test scores of these variables in the "experimental group" and the "control group". The results of univariate analysis of variance in the first to fourth hypotheses also showed the difference between the two intervention groups and the control group in the variables of drug temptation, defense mechanisms of denial, projection and splitting. It is concluded that short-term intensive scanning psychotherapy and the twelve-step method are effective in reducing drug temptation and reducing the projective defense mechanism of addicts.

Premenstrual syndrome is one of the commonest disorders among women with premenstrual period. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anger and fatigue with family functions among women with premenstrual syndrome. The research sample consisted of 120 women who were selected among women with premenstrual syndrome in Ardabil, Iran. To collect the data, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Fatigue Scale, Family Assessment Scale, and Daily Symptom Rating Form were used. The results showed that anger and fatigue are significantly related to family functions in women. The results of multiple regression showed that anger and fatigue explained 42 percent of variance family functions of women. Also results support the role of anger and fatigue on family functions. The results have important implications about prevention and counseling in women with premenstrual syndrome. The findings indicate that clinicians should use psychological trainings to cope with the consequences and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Objective: <span class="fontstyle2">This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, logo therapy, and schema therapy on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: <span class="fontstyle2">The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of all members of the MS Society of Iran located in Tehran in 2019, and the sample consisted of 60 members of the Association who were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group (15 people for each group). All four groups were tested by DASS-21 scale, and then the experimental groups underwent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, logo therapy, and schema therapy in 12 Two-hour sessions for 12 weeks, but the control group did not receive any training. Analysis was performed using SPSS22 in two parts: descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: <span class="fontstyle2">The results of analysis showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has been effective on reducing stress (f= 110.90, p <0,001), anxiety (f= 88.92, p <0,001), and depression (f= 32.29, p <0,001) in patients with multiple sclerosis. Also it was shown that logo therapy was effective on stress (f= 264.60, p <0,001), anxiety (f= 175, p <0,001), and depression (f= 305.07, p <0,001), and schema therapy was effective on reducing stress (f=110.90, p <0,001), anxiety (f= 88.92, p <0,001), and depression (f= 32.29, p <0,001) in patients with multiple sclerosis. Also, the comparison of means showed that in the variables of stress, anxiety, and depression, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, logo therapy, and schema therapy were effective. Conclusions: <span class="fontstyle2">The findings of this study confirmed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, logo therapy, and schema therapy were effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis.