درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) group exercises and Emotion-Focused Group Therapy (EFGT) on the authentic happiness of critically ill inpatients and those recovered from COVID-19. Methods: The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with three groups (one control group and two experimental groups), conducted in three phases (pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up). The study population included all critically ill patients hospitalized and then recovered from COVID-19 during the second quarter of 2021 at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. A sample size of 15 patients per group, totaling 45 patients, was considered. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups using a convenience sampling method. The training group (1) received eight 45-minute sessions of Emotion-Focused Group Therapy by Greenberg, Warwar, and Malcolm (2008), and training group (2) underwent eight 120-minute sessions of MBSR by Kabat-Zinn (2005), while the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were collected using Rashid's (2008) Authentic Happiness Inventory and analyzed using mixed ANOVA with repeated measures through SPSS-23 software. Findings: Results indicated that although both treatments had an effect on authentic happiness and its components up to the follow-up stage (p < 0.01), no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two treatments on authentic happiness in patients was observed. Conclusion: This research could broadly benefit the psychological state improvement in critically ill inpatients and those recovering from acute or chronic illnesses.

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of solution-focused couples therapy on psychological well-being and distress tolerance. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a follow-up phase. The population consisted of all couples attending counseling centers in Tehran during the last two months of the year 2021. A sample of 30 couples was selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 couples) and a control group (15 couples). The research instruments included the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (1988) and the Simons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Scale (2005). The experimental group received eight sessions of McDonald's (2007) solution-focused training in a group setting, whereas the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis with SPSS software version 21. Findings: The results showed that solution-focused couples therapy had a significant effect on the dimensions of psychological well-being (F = 15.78, p = .001) and distress tolerance (F = 12.00, p = .001); these effects were maintained during the follow-up phase (p < .001). Conclusion: Given the results, therapists can employ solution-focused couples therapy to enhance psychological well-being and distress tolerance among couples, which significantly affects the stability and strength of families.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of acceptance-based therapy in enhancing intimacy and marital forgiveness and reducing marital burnout in women affected by extramarital relationships. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design, including a control group. The population consisted of all women affected by their husband's extramarital relationships who attended specialized family counseling centers in District 6 of Mashhad. From this group, 30 participants were selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Rey et al. (2001) Marital Forgiveness Scale, the Pines (1996) Marital Burnout Scale, and the Thompson and Walker (1983) Marital Intimacy Scale. Participants were then randomly assigned into three experimental groups and one control group, each consisting of 15 individuals. Data analysis was conducted using repeated measures analysis of variance with the Statistical Software Package SPSS-20. Findings: The findings indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in improving intimacy, marital forgiveness, and reducing marital burnout in women affected by extramarital relationships (P < 0.01). The results were also sustained at the follow-up stage. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in enhancing intimacy, forgiveness, and reducing marital burnout among women impacted by extramarital relationships, and this therapeutic approach can be utilized to address psychological issues in couples affected by extramarital relationships.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy-based skills training on distress tolerance, cognitive emotion regulation, and marital quality of life in women with recurrent miscarriages. Methods: The statistical population consisted of all women who visited infertility clinics in Tehran in 2019-2020. A sample of 30 women was selected using convenience and purposive sampling methods, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and was randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 women in each group). The questionnaires used in this study were the Distress Tolerance Questionnaire by Simons and Gaher (2005), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski, Kraaij, and Spinhoven (2006), and the Marital Quality of Life Questionnaire by Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000). The statistical method used was repeated measures, with a significance level of 0.05. Findings: According to the results, the differences in means between the two groups in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages were significant. There were significant differences in distress tolerance, cognitive emotion regulation, and marital quality of life between the two groups. The dialectical behavior therapy-based skills training had an impact on the variables of distress tolerance, cognitive emotion regulation, and marital quality of life, with effect sizes of 0.885, 0.910, and 0.983, respectively. Conclusion: Given the confirmed effectiveness of this therapy, it is recommended that these women receive appropriate psychological treatments alongside medical treatments.

Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between childhood emotional maltreatment and the quality of a marital quality with the mediating role of defensiveness and mindfulness relationship. Method: The current research was descriptive and correlational using the structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all the married people of Tehran city in the fall of 2023, and 420 of them were selected from four psychology centers through an online call by the convenience sampling method. The tools of this research include relational-connectivity (R-C S, Galovan, 2021), relationship sabotage scale (RSS, Peel and Caltabiano, 2021), mindfulness relationship measure (RMM, Kimmes et al., 2017) and childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ, Bernstein et al., 2003). The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method with AMOS-24. Findings: The results indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings indicated that defensiveness and relationship mindfulness could predict the quality of marital relationship indirectly through neglect (p > 0.001). However, defensiveness and mindfulness in relation to emotional abuse did not predict the quality of marital relationships (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Relationship mindfulness and defensiveness play important roles in how childhood neglect impacts relationship quality. These findings underscore the necessity for interventions in marital relationships where childhood emotional neglect has occurred, as these couples may exhibit lower levels of relationship mindfulness and a greater tendency towards defensive behaviors. Therefore, therapy and support programs that target these areas may be particularly beneficial for enhancing relationship quality.