مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

violence


۱.

Human rights supporting from street children against violence in Iran and the international human rights

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: Street children violence Iran formal factors of violence informal factors of violence human right

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۹۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۸۹
Many children in different communities are exposed to violence with different levels of economic, cultural and other social factors. One of the most important classes of children who are exposed to violence, are street children. Existence of street children should be seen as a result of modern urbanization. Disorganization in advancement and industrialization, makes entry of children entitled street children to urban environment. The phenomenon of street children has intensified at all levels in developing countries for reasons such as lack of growth and development balance in compared with developed countries. Street children are placed in different violence issues such as physical abuse, emotional and psychological violence and sexual violence. This type of violence are severely threatened street children's rights including the right to life, right to liberty and the right to human dignity. Login violence factors on street children can be divided into two categories; formal and informal violence factors. Formal factors are included legal entities that according to their legal duty are in associated with street children either directly or indirectly. Informal factors also include other individuals and social institutions such as family and friends of street children.
۲.

Investigating the Physical Security Dimensions Affecting Volleyball Stadiums Security(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Security violence Aggression Volleyball Stadiums Physical Security

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۷۶ تعداد دانلود : ۴۲۴
The present study aimed at investigating the physical security dimensions affecting the security of volleyball stadiums in Iran. The study employed a descriptive-exploratory research method conducted on 115 managers and officials in volleyball stadiums, presidents and experts of Provincial Volleyball Boards as well as experts in the field of sports facilities and events as well as sports violence and aggression. They answered a 20-itme Physical Security Assessment Questionnaire extracted from the adjusted Stadium Security Questionnaire (Faraji, 2014). The collected data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The research findings indicated that physical security is one of the main factors affecting the security of volleyball stadiums in Iran. Control of toxic and chemical substances (0.91), internal control (0.90), peripheral environment control (0.70) and court entrance control (0.59) were considered as the most important factors of physical security on the security of volleyball stadiums (P <0.05). It seems that the strict implementation of the security inspection protocol for spectators, the adoption of appropriate security measures in the external environment of volleyball stadiums, the reform of the ticket sales system, and the use of new methods for distributing and selling tickets to control the court entrances can prevent spectators’ violent behaviors and increase their satisfaction. As a result, the security of volleyball stadiums can be fulfilled.
۳.

Hannah Arendt’s Human Condition in Neil Simon’s Theater(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Action Work Labor Power violence Totalitarianism

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۸
Neil Simon’s plays, through their comic exterior, target serious social critique at the contemporary media-ridden culture of America. This research is a study of Simon’s theater from the perspective of Hannah Arendt’s speculations on human condition, totalitarianism, and violence. The selected plays, Fools, Lost in Yonkers, and Laughter on the 23rd Floor are scrutinized according to the three main concepts in Arendt’s thought, which are “action”, “work”, and “labor”. Action is a set of goal-oriented human activities carried out in plurality and imbued with the hope for new possibilities. Plural action is the most effective means of resisting totalitarianism that only wishes to downgrade action to work and then labor through violence. However, despite impositions and enforcements of violence, action always remains in the history for future generations to draw inspiration from. In Simon’s theater, despite its nonpolitical and humorous façade, action is inevitably thwarted, but its positive outcomes cannot be plagued. Simon puts on a vivid display the sparkles of pluralism and action regardless of immanent violence and its democratic disguise.
۴.

Violence, Islam and Human Rights: Islam, a religion of peace or a religion of war?(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: violence Islam Human Rights War

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸۶
At a time of terrorist actions, the civil wars in Afghanistan and in Iraq as well as the caricatures of the Prophet and Pope XVI’s speech about violence in Islam, it is urgent for the Islamic academic community to speak about a major issue: the notions of peace and war in Islam.<br /> This paper will explore and analyze these notions, putting an emphasize on Islam as a religion of peace promoting human rights and humanitarian values; the author will of course approaches and presents the explanations as to why Islam is a religion of violence, only to dismiss these arguments. There are indeed authors presenting Islam as a religion of violence that carries deep inside the seeds of hatred, racism and many other values that are against human rights. These authors are usually Orientalists. This paper will explain who and why these theories are wrong. Then there are extremist groups presenting distorted interpretations of Islam as to justify massive killings (terrorism, WMD, suicide attacks); the author of the paper will take few examples as to explain how these movements rely on distorted and nihilist views of Islam.
۵.

Prophet Muhammad Model of Interfaith Dialogue and Its Social Impact of Moderate Islamic Societies

کلیدواژه‌ها: Interreligious Dialogue Prophet Muhammad (S) Islamic Societies Peace violence

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۶۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰۳
Violence and extremism are of the most important topics in current research on religion and interreligious studies. The New World Order and the global peace, justice and ethics, cannot be understood without accounting for the role of religion and religious organizations and among the topics dealing with religion is the matter of violence done by the excuse of religion’s orders. There is increasing research looking at and beyond religious causes of violence, as well as a hope that religion could offer genuinely effective tools to control violence. The question of control of violence is discussed in relation to the spheres of ethics (regulation of affect), theology (legitimacy of violence), and government (integration via religion). It is shown not only that religion offers possibilities for controlling violence, but also that control of violence via religion. This paper emphasizes on one of the important Islamic proofs narrated from Prophet Muhammad (S), called “The Promise of Muhammad to the Christians till the end of the World” and the impact of interreligious and intercultural role on peace and conflict resolution, as well as the role of global ethics. Sublime morality is also one point noted here as the resolution for war and conflict.
۶.

Iran’s Policy Toward Terrorist Groups and Regional Crises(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: Identity Policy violence conflict Regional security Tenets values Foreign Policy and Terrorism

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰۷ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۶
Strategic policy is tantamount to a method for foreign policy analysis. The foreign and strategic policies of Iran have been in line with multilateral cooperation in regional crises. The key indicators of Iran’s policy comprise mechanisms of identity and revolutionary actions in international and regional relations. Iran’s strategic policy has generally been formed on the pillars of multilateral cooperation with regional countries and in line with the unity of the Muslim world. Iran has accepted many of the rules of the Westphalian system, and has therefore based its strategic policy orientation on the doctrine of adaptability to the world order. Iran’s policy of managing regional crises has generally been based on cultural tenets, historical experiences and structural consequences. Each of the latter components has played a crucial role in Iran’s Westphalian order paradigm for protecting the territories of other countries. The experiences gained by Iran during the Holy Defense [Iran-Iraq War] and its acceptance of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 are indicative of the fact that Iran has employed pragmatic mechanisms with regard to regional conservative countries. Iran’s nuclear diplomacy can be regarded as another sign of its structural action which aims to deter threats and manage crises. The acceptance of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and Iran’s efforts toward peacemaking in the regional order of the Persian Gulf and Middle East can be considered as actions taken by Iran toward confronting terrorist groups and organizing regional order under such circumstances as violence, crises and chaos.
۷.

A Constructivist Analysis of the Formation of ISIS in Iraq and its Challenges and Opportunities for Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iraq ISIS takfir Ex-Communication violence Identity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۶۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳۵
A Takfiri is a Muslim who accuses another Muslim or an adherent of another Abrahamic faith of apostasy. The accusation itself is called Takfir, derived from the word kafir (unbeliever). The emergence of ISIS in the Middle East region and the territories in the vicinity of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as the support of some of the regional and extra-regional countries of this current, have led to profound changes in the local equations. The purpose of the present article is to examine one of the Middle East's fundamental problems in recent years is the emergence of Takfiri Terrorist groups particularly in Iraq. It is necessary to evaluate the theoretical emergence of the phenomenon of ISIS in this country. In terms of cultural and ethnic diversities, Iraq has always been involved with terrorist movements. A typical example of this phenomenon is the emergence and empowerment of ISIS. The control of ISIS over large Iraq and Syria areas has surprised many scholars in political and security circles. The main question is; ‘what platforms and components have been influential in the empowerment of ISIS in Iraq?’ Therefore, the main question to be explored in this study is: ‘what causes and factors led to the formation of ISIS in Iraq?’ Using a theoretical framework and a constructivist methodology and the consideration of the ontological categories that have an excellent capability to explain the emergence of ISIS in Iraq, this paper examined subjective and objective causes of ISIS's formation in Iraq.
۸.

The Role of Emotion Failures and Social Well-being in Predicting Violence Against Women(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: emotion failures Social well-being violence Women mental health

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۰۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵۳
Background:The aim of this research was to study the role of emotion failures and social well-being in predicting violence against women. Materials and Methods:This research was descriptive and correlational. The population under study was all women applicants for divorce in Ardabil city in 2016 from among whom 106 were selected by available sampling method. Tools of data collection were the scale of violence against women, and questionnaires of alexithymia and social well-being. Data analysis was done through Pearson correlation and Multiple Linear regression. Results:The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between alexithymia and violence against women (P<0/05). Moreover, there was a significant negative relationship between social well-being and violence against women (P<0/05). The results of regression analysis showed that 64 percent of the variance of violence against women was significantly explained by emotion failures and social well-being variables. Conclusions:According to the findings it can be concluded that the recognition of emotions at the individual level as well as the identification and description of emotions and awareness of emotions can be effective in improving couples' relationships and reducing family violence. Besides, contributing ourselves in the family and society and accepting the community and its members with its weaknesses and strengths and having effective relations with close people and supporting people leads to a reduction in violence against women.
۹.

Identifying the Environmental Factors Contributing to the Occurrence of Crime and Anomic Behavior (Case Study: Urban Deteriorated Spaces of Borazjan City)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: social deviance Crime Anomie violence Borazjan city

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۸۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۶
Cities, as the focused centers for human residence and settlement, are faced with various issues and problems. The high rate of crime and anomic behavior are characteristics of today’s major cities. Fear of crime and anomic behavior is perceived as the most important reasons leading to a decline in the use of public spaces in cities by its residents. According to the mutual relation between environment and behavior, clearly, different characteristics of urban spaces can both significantly increase or decrease the rate of crime in a city. The purpose of this paper is to identify the physical factors and parameters which underlie crime and anomic behavior in Borazjan urban deteriorated spaces. The aim of this research is to identify, and therefore, help eliminate these effective environmental factors and reach higher level of safety and regularity in public spaces of deteriorated areas of Borazjan city. According to the results of this research, the most effective factors that give rise to crime in public spaces are physical disturbance, functional disorders and confusion of meaning and identity.
۱۰.

Terrorism Based on Ideology: A Framework for Analysis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

تعداد بازدید : ۱۵۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۵
Traditionally, the sociology scholars tend to ignore or underestimate the role played by ideology is social phenomena, and this tendency can be seen among the political sciences scholars as well. Robert Jervis believes that one of the reasons for weakness of analysis of terrorism based on ideology is ignorance of this case in texts and literature of liberal arts and specifically political sciences and international relations: “Terrorism based on ideology has created some challenges for modern political sciences because less attention has been paid to discussions related to ideology, and the experts in this realm are less interested in them”. But the evolutions during the last decades of the 20th century and such events as the Islamic revolution of Iran increased the level of attention to this forgotten factor. In fact, for the first time a revolution with religious and ideological components happened across the world that surprised the thinkers in this scope and caused them to consider religion and ideology as two influential variables in their calculations. The present paper attempts to theoretically study the manner of formation of terrorism based on ideology. 
۱۱.

The Racial Myth of the Black Violence: A Žižekian Study of Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye, Sula, and Beloved(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

تعداد بازدید : ۱۷۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۶
The bulk of what we know as violence is myth. Since myths have been told and retold over the years, they have been taken as truth. This paper explores racial myths as representations of verbal violence in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye, Sula, and Beloved. Toni Morrison as an African-American identity explorer dwells on the slogans and myths as manifestations of Žižekian symbolic violence. Methodologically, this study uses political discourse analysis, black gendered feminism and psychoanalysis in the light of Slavoj Žižek's commentary on violence to be the approaches of analyzing the drawn data. The fusion of psychoanalytic terms with political ones sheds a fresh light on the concepts of ideology and violence. This paper aims at exploring the mechanisms of the black violence myth that spread the racial beliefs that Africans are more violence prone and have higher pain tolerance than Europeans. The conclusion extracted from this study confirms that the discourse of the myths functions as pseudo-ideologies to normalize the violence against non-European races and stop the African subalterns' resistance in the form of fighting back against the raids of the Europeans.
۱۲.

Iran and the Resistance Policy making Toward US Regional Client’s Actors(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: resistance Identity Group’s Gecurity Policy Making Islamic values violence

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۸
Resistance is a concept that has been raised at different times and considered by many analysts from different angles. Islamic Republic of Iran’s resistance Policy Making is a method for foreign Policy analysis. Iran’s Foreign Policy is based on Policy Making. The Indexes of Islamic Republic of Iran’s resistance Policy Making in Foreign Policy is Cooperative method and interactive process with regional and international actors in environment crisis. Iran’s foreign policy is related and accordance with Identity and Revolution a thought on international relations.This article uses the descriptive method of analyzing and using library resources and information to answer the main questions of the article. What is Iran's strategic policy towards the American regional clients and what is the role of resistance in this process?The results show, the content and orientation of resistance policy making is based on regional competitive approach. Each kind of resistance Policy based on environmental competitive controls structural, identity, cultural and ideological differences and changes Islamic Republic of Iran’s resistance policy making have be seen in different issues especially resistance diplomacy and environmental security making in competitive regional policy.
۱۳.

An Irreducible Death-Drive or an Emancipative Event: Trauma and PTSD Recovery form Žižek-Badiou Perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Event Death-Drive Jouissance violence PTSD

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۹۸ تعداد دانلود : ۸۹
Žižek supposes that traumas can turn into death-drives and offer the subject surplus jouissance. He warns that ideological systems can profit from traumas to further subjugate their citizens. Notwithstanding, Badiou construes that traumas can appear as tremendous moments of Truth/Events that betrays the voids of the Symbolic Order and actualizes the universal truths that postmodernism has constantly denied or endeavored to suppress. In so thinking, he hypothesizes that the Truth/Event will find/invent its own faithful subject that cooperate to actualize the suppressed or denied Real of their age. Badiou criticizes the Western Ethics for devising a secured mode of life that emasculates the subject of post capitalism age and deprives him of experiencing the sufferings that can confront him with the Real. Badiou states that the Western ethics deliberately ignores the positive effects of PTSD recoveries that can reveal a lot regarding the psychological and social weakness of the subject and the society as well. Defending the idea of traversing the fantasies and encountering the Real, Žižek, however, does not become convinced of the emancipatory force that Badiou attributes to traumatic Events. Instead, he announces that the subject’s fidelity to the Badiouian Truth/Event approximates to the devoted insurgents’ allegiance to the ‘mythic violence’ that enables them to disclaim responsibility for their deeds. Badiou himself is apprehensive of ever-present ‘simulacra’ that the sovereign ideology concocts to counterfeit the Truth/Event. What Žižek prescribes is an ‘Act’ that can be embodied in ‘divine violence’ that divulges the Symbolic Order’s void.
۱۴.

The Violence and the Problem of Ungrievability in Mehdi Yazdanikhorram’s Khoon khordeh: A Butlerian Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلیدواژه‌ها: Grievability homo sacer Precarity violence Soaked in Blood

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹
This study aims to show the reasons behind the capability of grief over the death of each person and how violence is performative in registering someone as livable or unlivable. This study also uses descriptive analysis methods and library research techniques. The main character in this novel Meftah, is an Arabic literature student, a religious person who works in the graveyard. This resulted in his recounting the story of the Sookhteh brothers whose deaths are not recognized so they are not mourned over properly. Through Butler's idea, the researcher tries to find out how livable and unlivable people are distinguished and what makes people believe that only registered lives are capable of being mourned over, and performative violence makes people differentiate between worthy and unworthy human beings.  The appearance of Homo Sacer is discussed in detail, the person who cannot be sacrificed but can easily be killed. It is deduced that people who are deprived of the primary conditions of life be it safety, welfare, or peace, as the main characters of this novel, don’t count as livable humans. They are not registered as humans, so they are not recognized and they become unrepresentable. Violence does not only lead to death but it also paves the way for people to ignore the death of some who are not subjectified and are not worthy of being grieved.
۱۵.

A Jamesonian Reading of Joyce Carol Oates’ Selected Short Stories(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Postmodernism Popular culture subjectivity violence Sexuality

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۹ تعداد دانلود : ۶
The purpose of this essay is to analyze the concept of culture in the collection of short stories entitled as Lovely,Deep, Dark and I Am No One You Know by Joyce Carol Oates through Fredric Jameson’s theory of postmodern culture.The portraits of women,men,and children show Oates's compassion for the human life in the modern society.According to Jameson,postmodern culture is the internal and superstructural expression of a whole new wave of American military and economic domination throughout the world: in this sense,as throughout class history, the underside of culture is blood, torture,death, and terror.Lovely,Deep,Dark and I Am No One You Know represent the spot of postmodern man’s struggle with his background and real culture.The stories are associated with an avant-garde movement in which nature is gone and this feature can be seen in all collections of the stories.They create a deconstructed condition in which there is no direct relation between social beings.The setting of the stories reminds the postmodern society which is the metaphor for the current American society with a revolutionized culture.The place that the authors have created in the stories is devoid of natural life and happiness.It is a fabricated place in which the people are programmed like robots.Throughout the stories,the authors represent technological pessimism which refers to the sense of disappointment,anxiety,and menace in subjects due to technological issues.The researcher contributes to identify the main cause of Oates’s attack to her characters in these collections.The main purpose of research paper finds the cause of Oates’s message in postmodern world