درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on pain beliefs and dimensions of anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Method : The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with rheumatoid arthritis referred to medical centers in Tabriz City in 2022. The sample included 25 women with rheumatoid arthritis selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were then randomly assigned to two groups. The research instruments used were Williams and Thorne's Belief in Pain Questionnaire and Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Questionnaire, which were provided to both groups to collect the required data. The control group remained on the waiting list, while the experimental group underwent MBSR training over eight weekly sessions (90 minutes per week) following Jon Kabat-Zinn's approach. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results : The results indicated significant differences between the MBSR and control groups in pain beliefs and anger. Specifically, MBSR treatment led to a reduction in pain-related beliefs and anger in the experimental group ( P <0.001). Eta-squared values showed that 76.3%, 71.8%, 74.4%, and 69.6% of the variance in pain beliefs and anger could be attributed to the effects of MBSR, respectively. Conclusion : Based on the findings, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training can be considered as a complementary and protective treatment technique for patients with chronic and painful conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Psychological defense mechanisms reflect how individuals cope with conflicts and stress. This study aimed to describe defense mechanisms in medical interns and their correlation with spiritual health. Method: This cross-sectional study, characterized by its descriptive nature, was carried out among medical students during the 2019-2020 academic year. The participants were 168 medical interns who met the established study criteria and completed two questionnaires: The Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire (DSQ-40), devised by Andrews et al. (1993), and the Spiritual Health Questionnaire by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982). Data analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS version 25, employing Pearson correlation, t-tests, and ANOVA for statistical evaluation. Results: The mean score of mature defense mechanisms (43.31±16.83) among medical interns was higher than immature (98.52±52.8) and neurotic (36.75±18.3) defense mechanisms. The immature defense mechanism was significantly higher in males than in females (99.43±23.41 vs 108.47±23.21, p=0.014). Also, the mean score of immature defense mechanisms in single individuals was considerably higher than in married ones (106.66±24.02 vs 93.12±19.56, p=0.001). The spiritual health of interns had a significant and direct correlation (r=0.249) with mature defense mechanisms and a significant negative correlation (r=-0.336) with immature defense mechanisms. Conclusion: Higher spiritual health in medical interns is associated with greater use of mature defense mechanisms and lesser use of immature defense mechanisms.

Objective: In this study, the intervention of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on resilience, rumination, and dysfunctional attitudes in infertile couples is studied.Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and a one-month follow-up with control groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of infertile couples referred to Ibn Sina Infertility Center in Tehran, where 30 infertile couples aged 24-40 were selected as research samples by using a purposive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were then randomly assigned into two groups of 15 couples. The research instruments were Connor and Davidson's (2003) Resilience Questionnaire, the Nalen and Huxma (1991) rumination, and the Weissman and Beck (1978) dysfunctional attitude questionnaire that were provided to both groups to collect the required data. The control group stayed on the waiting list, and the mindfulness training was performed for the experimental group during eight weekly sessions (two 90-minute sessions per week), according to Segal, Williams, and Tisdale MBCT Protocol (2018). The sessions were performed online and on Skyroom's platform. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The results showed that MBCT treatment improved resilience and reduced rumination and dysfunctional attitudes in the experimental group and the post-test and follow-up phase (P<0/001).Conclusion: According to the results, employing this approach for infertile couples is helpful and it can be suggested for improving their psychological conditions. 

The creativity of employees is a key factor for achieving success in organizations and sustaining their competitive edge. Job burnout and poor organizational health are elements that can either hinder or foster organizational creativity; hence, the current study aimed to explore the predictive influence of components of organizational creativity on job burnout and the organizational health of high school educators. The study utilized a correlation-predictive research design. The study population consisted of all educators teaching in high schools in Zahedan City, Iran, during the academic year 2024-2025. From the aforementioned statistical population, a random cluster sampling method was used to select a sample of 150 teachers. To gather the data, Amabile's Organizational Creativity Questionnaire (2001), Maslach and Jackson's Burnout Questionnaire (1981), and Hoy and Feldman's Organizational Health Questionnaire (1996) were employed, and the data of this research were examined using Pearson's correlation test and stepwise regression through SPSS version 16 software. The correlation findings indicated a notable negative connection between the components of creativity (fluidity, flexibility, innovation, and expansion) and burnout, as well as a significant positive connection with organizational health (P<0.05). The regression analysis results indicated that within the organizational creativity elements, the innovation element displayed a predictive impact (Beta=-0.23) on burnout, while the expansion element exhibited a predictive influence (Beta=0.34) on organizational health (P<0.05). Consequently, due to the impact of organizational creativity on lowering burnout and enhancing organizational well-being, it is advised that practitioners focus closely on the creativity of teachers.

 Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic psychosomatic disease. Stressful events play a critical role in this disease, and lifestyle modification is one of the treatment priorities for these patients. The present study aimed to examine the role of health-enhancing lifestyles among stressful life events and salutogenic health indicators in these patients. Method: Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all patients with irritable bowel syndrome referred to Imam Sajjad Hospital in Tehran in 2019 and 2020. The statistical sample was 229 patients selected through Purposive sampling and diagnosed by a psychiatrist based on ROME-IV criteria. Research tools included the Bringsen Salutogenic Health Indicators Scale, Sarason Life Events Inventory, and Walker HealthPromoting Lifestyle Profile-II. Data analysis was done by SPSS-20 and LISREL-8 software. Ethical considerations based on confidentiality, respect for the rights of individuals, human dignity, and avoiding harming the participants and distorting information were observed. Also Participants had full authority to withdraw from the study at any time. Results: The relationship between lifestyle (t=2.723, ß=0.17) and stressful events (t=-2.31, ß=-0.42) with salutogenic health indicators was significant. The mediating role of lifestyle between life events and salutogenic health indicators was meaningful at P<005 and a standard coefficient (0.0-13.11). Conclusion: It seems that lifestyle and control over stressful events affect the health indicators of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, it is suggested to provide appropriate training programs to control and manage stressful events and provide strategies to modify lifestyle to improve health. 

Personality disorders can play a significant role in creating and perpetuating sexual function problems in women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality patterns and types of female orgasms. The method of the present study was correlational, and a sample of 400 women in Tehran was selected by convenience sampling method. Tests used to collect data were Millon 3 questionnaires (MCMI-III), Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (FSFI), and Orgasm Scale Assessment (ORS). According to the results, the highest disorder was related to the satisfaction subscale, and the lowest percentage of the research sample was in the orgasm subscale (25.9%) in the subscales of desire, arousal, humidity, and pain, respectively. The percentage of the research sample was 31, 32, 26.3, and 31.4%. According to the results, the narcissism and negativity subscales had a significant relationship with the types of orgasm (P <0.05) and the other subscales had no significant relationship. According to the results of logistic regression, avoidance, sadism, and borderline subscales were able to predict the types of orgasms and the coefficients of other paths in the regression model did not have significant coefficients (P <0.05).