درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose- With the physical expansion of cities, some surrounding villages are incorporated into the city as new neighborhoods. These areas, due to their rural backgrounds, differ from newly developed urban neighborhoods in physical, social, economic, and cultural aspects. Social issues, particularly behavioral problems, are one of the challenges in these areas. The neighborhood of Noh-Dareh in Mashhad (with a rural background) faces such a challenge. The Saber Street (located in Noh-Dareh) is the intersection of formal and informal settlements and has a strategic location due to its proximity to the Kuh Park. However, the occurrence of certain inappropriate behaviors has led to a decline in its efficiency and attractiveness for residents. This study aims to propose design recommendations for Saber Street to improve user behavior patterns.Design/methodology/approach- This research is mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative). After collecting library resources (behavior, environment, and perception), user behaviors were identified by using qualitative techniques (observation, behavioral mapping, and interviews). The obtained data were then categorized into conditions, actions, and consequences through qualitative analysis using MaxQDA. Subsequently, based on the typology of existing micro spaces, design recommendations were proposed based on behavioral patterns.Findings- Behaviors in the micro spaces of the mentioned street are often solitary, involving short and unconventional pauses due to the lack of diverse activities, psychological insecurity, inappropriate lighting furniture, and inconvenient climatic conditions. These results are reduced identity and increased insecurity, social damages, and inefficiency of activities.Practical implications- To improve these conditions, it is suggested to enhance urban management control, adopt supervisory policies through the design of frontages, allocate collective activities in the space, organize various events, and provide welfare and comfort infrastructure and equipment.Originality/Value- Considering the presence of social conflicts in neighborhoods with rural backgrounds, such as social damages, activity inefficiency, and ultimately resident dissatisfaction, the innovation of this study lies in identifying the context and causes of inappropriate behavioral patterns in these neighborhoods.

During the Qajar period, women were subjected to severe restrictions due to patriarchal and traditional society, and due to illiteracy and lack of presence in society, they suffered from ignorance of the environment and ignorance due to lack of connection with the outside world. In addition to associations, women created women's magazines and newspapers to raise awareness and protest their status. The Constitutional Revolution led to the gradual presence of women journalists and women's publications in the press arena. This was not easy to do because religious and traditional communities were among the factors limiting women's activities. For this reason, the question arises that what effect did women's publications have on the promotion of the position and situation of women in Qajar society? Given that after the Constitutional Revolution, newspapers were one of the most important media outlets, the hypothesis is that women, like other sections of society, have expressed their views and goals through publications and tried to raise awareness and change the mentality and attitude of women. The results of the research show the growth of awareness, change of attitude and the entry of a large number of women into society. Because with the entry of the first Pahlavi period, submissive women without claiming the Qajar period, have become aware and demanding women and have raised demands such as equal rights with men and the right to enter society and employment, which is mainly the result of the activities of Qajar periodicals. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and the data are collected in a library method.