درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Ego State Therapy (EST) in enhancing prosocial behavior and health motivation among young adults with mild physical disabilities. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was employed, involving 30 participants aged 18-30 with diagnosed mild physical disabilities. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=15), which received eight 90-minute sessions of EST, or the control group (n=15), which received no intervention. Prosocial behavior and health motivation were assessed using the Prosocialness Scale for Adults (PSA) and the Health Motivation Scale (HMS), respectively, at baseline, post-intervention, and five-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS-27 software, with analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements and Bonferroni post-hoc tests to control for multiple comparisons. Results indicated significant improvements in prosocial behavior (F(2, 28) = 12.45, p < 0.001) and health motivation (F(2, 28) = 10.89, p < 0.001) in the intervention group compared to the control group. These improvements were sustained over the five-month follow-up period, with significant interaction effects between group and time for both prosocial behavior (F(2, 28) = 8.67, p < 0.001) and health motivation (F(2, 28) = 9.23, p < 0.001). Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed significant improvements from baseline to post-intervention and from baseline to follow-up in the intervention group, with no significant changes in the control group. Ego State Therapy significantly enhances prosocial behavior and health motivation in young adults with mild physical disabilities, with sustained effects over a five-month follow-up period. These findings suggest that EST is a valuable therapeutic approach for promoting psychological integration and well-being in this population. Future research should explore the mechanisms underlying these effects and the potential benefits of integrating EST with other therapeutic modalities.

Background: Education is a social process in which human beings reach social competence and individual growth. An institution that does this process is called the school. Among schools, primary schools are the most important environment for socialization and education of children, so physical education programs at this stage can provide conditions for the development of motor literacy and thus a healthy and active lifestyle. While refreshing the school yard and stimulating and encouraging the students' visual sense to engage in sports, the dynamic yard design provides a suitable ground for children to play spontaneously.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the dynamic yard design on the physical, mental and academic performance of elementary school students.Materials and Methods: This research has been done by the library method to review related articles, take notes and infer from them.Results: The results of the research indicate that between the implementation of the dynamic yard plan and the variables of physical activity, vitality, reduction of behavioral incompatibilities, academic performance, and physical self-concept (athletic fitness, fat burning, physical appearance, flexibility, health, and self-esteem), there is a positive and significant relationship.Conclusion: Enriching the schoolyard by drawing play shapes and purposeful plans and encouraging students to do physical activities in their spare time can positively affect behavioral patterns, enthusiasm, learning, institutionalizing exercise at an early age, and developing basic skills and have public sports.

The southern part of Lorestan province in Pishkuh is one of the key areas for understanding the cultural periods of Southwest Iran. This area is located near one of the government centers of Elam (Susa in the south) and on two communication routes from south to north and west to east. Therefore, this area can be one of the essential communication areas between the Susa and the Mesopotamian lowlands, the mountainous region of Zagros, and the central plateau of Iran. However, due to the focus of Elam scholars on the two state centers of Susa and Anshan, there is no comprehensive picture of the state of settlements in this region during the Elam period. Based on this, this research aimed to determine and analyze the situation of the Elamite settlements in the area by conducting a systematic archaeological survey in 2016. As a result, 31 sites belonging to the Elamite period were identified. This research showed that most of the Elam sites were formed in the intermountainous valleys and the slopes of mounds. Most of them have a chronological sequence, and in terms of morphology, they show evidence of Elamite nomadic settlements in this region.